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英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编
17
(
总分：
40.00
，做题时间：
90
分钟
)
一、
1
翻译
(
总题数：
20
，分数：
40.00)
the
following
short
passage
into
Chin
ese
．
(
中国石油大学
2006
研，考试科目：综合英语
)For
the
sake of speculation, let
us imagine a humanism that is a way of seeing. A
humanism that is a way
of seeing will
be committed to describing what it sees. It will
seek to fix the condition of the
human
spirit at a particular place in a particular
moment of time in relation to a particular
experience, and it will choose its
places and times and experiences because they
express the
condition
of
the
human
spirit
with
particular
clarity.
They
are
the
evidence
concerning
the
nature
of
the
human
spirit
that
has
accumulated
throughout
history.
In
other
words,
they
are
to
humanism
what the raw
materials of physics, biology, and chemistry are
to science.
（分数：
2.00
）
填空项
1:__________________
the
following
short
passage
into
Chinese
．
(
中国石油大学
2005
研，考试科目：综合英语
)While
awareness
and mastery of skills are important steps in any
learning process, it is only when
conscious skills are put to work that
you will experience the involvement and excitement
that
accompany personal growth. The
infant mimicking sounds, the youngster practicing
to ride his
bicycle, the teenager
learning to drive, the adult preparing to buy a
house
—
all experience a
good
deal
of
anticipation,
but
the
anticipation
pales
next
to
the
excitement
of
first
communicating
verbally or riding a bicycle sold or
taking that first drive or moving into that first
home. In
other words, social
interaction is the highest degree of personal
involvement, the logical peak
experience towards which awareness and
mastery lead.
（分数：
2.00
）
填空项
1:__________________
this
part
，
you
are
asked
to
translate
the
following
paragraph
into
Chinese
．
Write
your
answer
on
the ANSWER SHEET
．
(
中国矿业大学
2009
研，考试科目：基础英语
)The Appeal of Life Is Beautiful
is
perhaps
not
so
puzzling
after
all.
The
archetypal
story
of
a
father
sacrifice
for
his
family
has evidently proved irresistible to
many spectators whose sensibilities have often
been molded
by such simple
entertainment cliches and who seek, not the bitter
historical truths of the
Holocaust,
but
consoling
evasions.
Thus,
the
film
encourages
them
to
interpret
death
in
the
camps
as
a
moving
personal
sacrifice
and
not
as
the
brutal
termination
of
a
singular
human
being
life.
Survival is a victory. Dora comes
through her ordeal with little more than a smudge
on her face
and
a
punk
hairdo,
and
Giosue
memories,
become
burnished
with
age.
All
these
misguided,
consoling
thoughts
are
accepted
with
a
sigh
of
relief
because
no
one
is
obliged
to
think
about
how
a
survivor
return to normalcy
would be perpetually haunted by nightmares whose
origins were all too real.
Like
Benigni, audiences are evidently only too willing
to succumb to an unfortunate, if
understandable, impulse which, in the
words of the eminent critic of Holocaust
literature,
Lawrence Langer,
desperately attempts
life were so beaut
iful...
（分数：
2.00
）<
/p>
填空项
1:__________________
this
part
，
you
are
asked
to
translate
the
following
paragraph
into
Chinese
．
Write
you
answers
on
the
ANSWER
SHEET
．
He
seemed
to
be
occupied
with
nothing
but
his
food,
his
dogs,
and
his
chickens.
If what they tell us in books were true
his long communion with nature and the sea should
have
taught
him
many
subtle
secrets.
It
hadn
He
was
a
savage.
He
was
nothing
but
a
narrow,
ignorant,
and cantankerous
sea-faring man. As I looked at the wrinkled, mean
old face I wondered what was
the
story
of
those
three
dreadful
years
that
had
made
him
welcome
this
long
imprisonment.
I
sought
to see behind those
pale blue eyes what secrets they were that he
would carry to his grave. And
then I
foresaw the end. One day a pearl fisher would land
on the island and German Harry would
not be waiting for him, silent and
suspicious, at the
water
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and
there,
lying
on
the
bed,
unrecognizable,
he
would
see
all
that
remained
of
what
had
once
been
a man. Perhaps then he
would hunt high and low for the great mass of
pearls that has haunted the
fancy of so
many adventures. But I do not believe he would
find it: German Harry would have seen
to it that none should discover the
treasure, and the pearls would rot in their hiding
place.
Then the pearl fisher would go
back into his dinghy and the island once more
deserted of man.
（分数：
2.00
）
填空项
1:__________________
ate From English to Chinese
．
(
中国传媒大学
2012
研，考试科目：基础英语
)On this day, we
gather
because
we
have
chosen
hope
over
fear,
unity
of
purpose
over
conflict
and
discord.
On
this
day, we come to proclaim an end to the
petty grievances and false promises, the
recriminations
and worn out dogmas,
that
for far
too
long
have
strangled our
remain
a young
nation,
but in the words of
Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish
things. The time has come
to reaffirm
our enduring spirit: to choose our better history:
to carry forward that precious
gift,
that noble idea, passed on from generation to
generation: the God-given promise that all
are equal, all are free, and all
deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of
reaffirming the greatness of our
nation, we understand that greatness is never a
given. It must
be earned. Our journey
has never been one of short-cuts or settling for
less. It has not been
the
path
for
the
faint-hearted
—
for
those
who
prefer
leisure
over
work,
or
seek
only
the
pleasures
of riches and
fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the
doers, the makers of
things
—
some
celebrated but more often men and women
obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the
long,
rugged path towards prosperity
and us, they packed up their few worldly
possessions
and
traveled
across
oceans
in
search
of
a
new
life.
For
us,
they
toiled
in
sweatshops
and
settled
the west: endured
the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died,
in places
like Concord and Gettysburg: Normandy and Khe Sahn
.
（分数：
2.00
）
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1:__________________
6.E-C Translation
．
(
上海交通大学
2005
研，考试科
目：英语水平考试
)Defining the meaning of
the idea and then work
towards the middle. To think of happiness as
achieving superiority over
others,
living in a mansion made of marble, having a
wardrobe with hundreds of outfits, will do
to set the greedy extreme. To think of
happiness as the joy of a holy man of India will
do to
set the spiritual extreme. He
sits completely still, contemplating the nature of
reality, free
even
of
his
own
body.
If
admirers
bring
him
food,
he
eats
it:
if
not,
he
starves.
Why
be
concerned?
What is physical is trivial to him. To
contemplate is his joy and he achieves complete
mental
focus through an incredibly
demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which
is itself a joy
to he a happy man?
Perhaps his happiness is only another sort of
illusion. But who can
take it from him?
And who will dare say it is more false than
happiness paid for through an
installment plan?Although the holy
man
in the Orient, I doubt the existence
of such motionless happiness. What is certain is
that his
way of happiness would be
torture to almost anyone of Western temperament.
Yet these extremes
will
still
serve
to
define
the
area
within
which
all
of
us
must
find
some
sort
of
balance.
Thoreau
had his own firm
sense of that balance: save on the petty in order
to spend on the essential.
（分数：
2.00
）
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1:__________________
ate the following into
chinese
．
The developing world
and many developed countries have
called for
saying that such
cooperation should be based on the continuous
restructuring of the unjust and
inequitable
international
economic
relations.
Otherwise,
cooperation
could
hardly
be
maintained
and confrontation
avoided. Therefore, international aid, private
investment, transfer of
technology,
trade,
money
and
finance
should
be
guided
by
the
principle
of
being
just
and
reasonable
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and
of
equality and
mutual benefit.
It
is essential
to respect the
sovereignty
of
the
developing
countries and not interfere in their
internal affairs or control their economic life-
lines.A
global and integrated approach
should be adopted and unremitting and solid
efforts be made for
the establishment
of new international economic order. At present,
many developing countries,
especially
the least developed countries, have indeed some
urgent problems which should be
accorded priority. But the solution of
these problems should meet the needs of the long-
term
development of the developing
countries and facilitate the process of
establishing the new
international
economic order. It should not serve as limited
measures divorced from the
fundamental
objective of establishing the new international
economic order.
（分数：
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）
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1:__________________
the
afternoon
of
that
eventful
day,
I
stood
on
the
porch,
dumb,
expectant.
I
guessed
vaguely
from my mother
about to
happen, so I went to the door and waited on the
steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the
mass of honeysuckle that covered the
porch, and fell on my upturned face. My fingers
lingered
almost unconsciously on the
familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come
forth to greet the
sweet southern
spring. I did not know what the future held of
marvel or surprise for me. Anger
and
bitterness had preyed upon me continually for
weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this
passionate you ever been at sea in a
dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible
white
darkness
shut
you
in,
and
the
great
ship,
tense
and
anxious,
groped
her
way
toward
the
shore
with
plummet and sounding-line and you waited with
beating heart for something to happen? I was
like that ship before my education
began, only I was without compass or sounding-
line, and had
no way of knowing how
near the harbor was.
soul,
and
the
light
of
love
shone
on
me
in
that
very
hour!I
felt
approaching
footsteps.
I
stretched
out my hand as I
supposed to my mother. Someone took it, and I was
caught up and held close in
the arms of
her who had come to reveal all things to me, and,
more than all things else, to love
me.<
/p>
（分数：
2.00
）
填空项
1:__________________ <
/p>
9.
英译汉。
(
华东理工大学
2006
研，考试科目：翻译实践
)
I
chanced
to
rise
very
early
one
particular
morning
this
summer,
and
took
a
walk
into
the
country
to
divert
myself
among
the
fields
and
meadows,
while
the green was
new, and the
flowers
in
their
bloom.
As at
this
season of the
year
every lane
is a beautiful walk, and every hedge
full of aromatic nosegays. I lost myself, with a
great deal
of pleasure, among several
thickets and bushes that were filled with a great
variety of birds,
and an agreeable
confusion of notes, which formed the pleasantest
scene in the world to one who
had
passed a whole winter in noise and smoke. The
freshness of the dews that lay upon everything
about me, with the cool breath of the
morning, which inspired the birds with so many
delightful
instincts, created in me the
same kind of animal pleasure, and made my heart
overflow with such
secret emotions of
joy and satisfaction as are not to be described or
accounted for. I was very
much pleased
and astonished at the glorious show of these gay
vegetables that arose in great
profusion on all the banks about us.
Sometimes I considered every leaf as an elaborate
piece of
tissue,
in
which
the
threads
and
fibers
were
woven
together
into
different
configurations,
which
gave
a
different
colouring
to
the
light
as
it
glanced
on
the
several
parts
of
the
surface.
Sometimes
I considered the
whole bed of tulips, according to the notion of
the greatest mathematician and
philosopher that ever lived, as a
multitude of optic instruments, designed for the
separating
light into all those various
colours of which it is composed. For this reason I
look upon the
whole country in
springtime as a spacious garden, and make as many
visits to a pot of daisies
or
a
bank
of
violets,
as
a
florist
does
to
his
borders
or
parterres.
There
is
not
a
bush
in
blossom
within a mile of me, which I am not
acquainted with, nor scarce a daffodil or tulip
that withers
away
in
my
neighborhood
without
my
missing
it.
I
walked
home
in
this
temper
of
mind
through
several
fields
and
meadows
with
an
unspeakable
pleasure,
not
without
reflecting
on
the
bounty
of
Providence
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which
has made the most pleasing and most beautiful
objects the most ordinary and most common.
< br>（分数：
2.00
）
填空项
1:__________________
ate
the
following
into
Chinese
．
(
华东师范大学
2010
研，
考试科目：
翻译
)No
doubt
throughout
all past time there actually occurred a
series of events which, whether we know what it
was or
not, constitutes history in some
ultimate sense. Nevertheless, much the greater
part of these
events we can know
nothing about, not even that they occurred: many
of them we can know only
imperfectly:
and even the few events that we think we know for
sure we can never be absolutely
certain
of,
since
we
can
never
revive
them,
never
observe
or
test
them
directly.
The
event
itself
once occurred, but as an actual event
it has disappeared: so that in dealing with it the
only
objective
reality
we
can
observe
or
test
is
some
material
trace
which
the
event
has
left
—
usually
a written document. With these traces
of vanished events, these documents, we must be
content
since they are all we have:
from them we infer what the event was, we affirm
that it is a fact
that
the
event
was
so
and
so.
.
.
Let
us
then
admit
that
there
are
two
histories:
the
actual
series
of
events that once occurred: and the ideal series
that we affirm and hold in memory. The first
is
absolute
and
unchanged
—
it
was
what
it
was
whatever
we
do
or
say
about
it:
the
second
is
relative
,
always
changing
in
response
to
the
increase
or
refinement
of
knowledge.
The
two
series
correspond
more
or
less,
it
is
our
aim
to
make
the
correspondence
as
exact
as
possible,
but
the
actual
series
of
events exist for
us only
in
terms
of the
ideal
series which
we affirm and
hold in
memory.
This
is
why
I
am
forced
to
identify
history
with
knowledge
of
history.
For
all
practical
purposes
history
is, for us and for
the time being, what we know it to y as the
artificial extension of
the
social
memory is an
art
of long standing,
necessarily
so
since
it
springs
instinctively
from
the
impulse
to
enlarge
the
range
of
immediate
experience,
and
however
camouflaged
by
disfiguring
jargon
of
science,
it
is
still
in
essence
what
it
has
always
been.
History
in
this
sense
is
story,
in aim always a true story : a story
that employs all the devices of literary
art(statement and
generalization,
narration and description, comparison and comment
and analogy)to present the
succession
of
events
in
the
life
of
man,
and
from
the
succession
of
events
thus
presented
to
derive
a
satisfactory
meaning.
The
history
written
by
historians,
like
the
history
informally
fashioned
by Mr. Everyman, is thus a convenient
blend of truth and fancy, of what we commonly
distinguish
as
fact
and
interpretation
In
primitive
times,
when
tradition
is
orally
transmitted,
bards
and story-tellers
frankly embroider, or improvise the facts to
heighten the dramatic import of
the
story. With the use of written records, history,
gradually differentiated from fiction, is
understood as the story of events that
actually occurred: and with the increase and
refinement
of knowledge the historian
recognizes that his first duty is to be sure of
his facts, let their
meaning
be
what
it
may.
Nevertheless,
in
every
age
history
is
taken
to
be
a
story
of
actual
events
from
which
a
significant
meaning
may
be
derived:
and
in
every
age
the
illusion
is
that
the
present
version
is
valid
because
the
related
facts
are
true,
whereas
former
versions
are
invalid
because
they are based upon
inaccurate or inadequate to themselves, the facts
do not speak:
left to themselves, they
do not exist, not really since for all practical
purposes there is no
fact until someone
affirms it . The least the historian can do with
any historical fact is to
select and
affirm it. To select and affirm even the simplest
complex of facts is to give them
a
certain
place
in
a
certain
pattern
of
ideas,
and
this
alone
is
sufficient
to
give
them
a
special
meaning. However
substances
which,
like
bricks
or
scantlings(
锯解成
(5
立方英寸以下的
)
木、石块
< br>),
possess
definite
shape and clear, persistent outline. To
set forth historical facts is not comparable to
dumping
a barrow of bricks. A brick
retains its form and pressure wherever placed :
but the form and
substance of
historical facts, having a negotiable existence
only in literary discourse, vary
with
the
words
employed
to
convey
them.
Since
history
is
not
part
of
the
external
material
world,
but an imaginative reconstruction of
vanished events, its form and substance are
inseparable:
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