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首字母填空讲解
如何做好首字母填空题
考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
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首字母填空的解题方法和技巧:
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通读全文,了解大意
短文中虽有一些词未知,但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在
初步阅读中,可以跳
过空格,尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息,以及语法结构方面的提示
,有助于下一步
的分析与判断。
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再读全文,理清脉络
通读全文、
掌握大意后,
还应逐字逐句地仔细
阅读,
从文意中找出句与文、
句与句、
词与句、词与词之间的关系,尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系,用已知信息
去获
取未知信息,以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中,同学们可以把有把握的词先填
好,逐步
减少空格对阅读造成的障碍,然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。
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仔细推敲,确保准确
词义判断正确了不等于答题正确,还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准
确性。如果填的词是名词,首先要考虑到单、复数的问题;如果是动词,要考虑应使
< br>用什么时态和语态。
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注意:填入的词既能使句意通顺,
又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。在初步确定答案
后,一定还要反复考虑,仔细推敲,确
保用词准确
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复读全文,全面检查
答题完毕后复读全文,进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后,一定要认真检查,尽量减少
粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误,对有疑问的地方,更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、
逻辑发展进行反复斟酌,这样才能尽量避免失分。
专项题型解析:
例题解析:
Dogs are good pets. They
are very f
1
to people
and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on
very well with c
2
and their parents. Others are good
watch-dogs because they cry loudly when
a s
3
arrives.
When you buy
a dog, an important thing to think about is its
s
4
——
buy a small dog if
your home is small and a bigger one if
y
5
is larger. Many
people don’t know how much to
feed
their dogs. Dogs eat a
6
anything! They like meat, rice and lots
of other things. You can
buy lots of
food
m
7
for
dogs in shops. Don’t let your dogs eat too much.
Feed it only once a
day. Always l
8
water for your dog. It
can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s
9
.
Remember that dogs need e
10
. You should take it for
a walk every day. Don’t keep your
dog
inside all day.
答案及简析
1. friendly.
人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养,主要是因为它们比较通人性,且对人很友好,
能给人们带
来欢乐。根据
“be very f
1
to people”
来分析
,此空应填一个形容词,表明狗对
人的态度。
friend
p>
是名词,
friendly
是形容词,故<
/p>
friendly
是正确答案。
2. children.
宠物狗自然是在家中养,
它们除了听
主人的话以外,
与家中的小主人即孩子
也是好朋友。由于是指大
多数家庭的情况,并受
their
一词的提示,此处应填
“
孩子
”
的复数
p>
形式,即
children
。
3.
stranger.
狗的天性是护家。文中的
watch-dogs
意为
“
看家狗
”
,专门指有生人来时发出
叫喊的狗。
“
生人
”
在英文中即为
str
anger
。
4. size.
这个空略微有点难。一是
< br>size
一词平时用得较少,二是一般家庭都养小型犬,供
狗活动的空间一般不成问题,因此,
对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。
从后面的句子来看,
此处
是在谈狗的体积的问题
——“
如果你的家小,
就买一只小狗;
如果你的家大,
就买一只大狗。
”
5. yours.
这是一个名词性物主代词,
代替上半句的
your
home
。
此句完整的说法应是
buy
a
small dog if your home is small and
buy a bigger one if your home is larger.
为避免词的重复使
用,在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。
p>
本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句
话的内容是对所填
词的内容进行补充说明的。因此,在做这种类型的题时,
一定要注意分析上下文的内容,进
行推理和归纳,正确的理解句意,最后决定
出最佳的词及其正确形式。
巩固练习:
There
was
an
old
man
who
loved
money
very
much.
He
n
1
gave
anything
to
anybody.
After some years he
became r
2
.
One day he was walking near the river
with his friends when he fell into the river. His
friends
ran to help him.
One of them held out his hand and cried, “Give me
your hand, and I’ll
p
3
you
out
!
”The
rich
m
4
head
went
down
the
water
a
5
then
came
up
again,
but
he
did
not
g
6
his
hand
to
his
friend.
Again
another
of
his
friends
tried,
but
again
the
s
7
thing
happened.
Then a
8
friend, Nasreddin, said, “Take my hand
and I’ll pull you out!” The rich man took
his hand and Nasreddin pulled him out
of the water.
“You don’t
know your friend very
w 9
.” Nasreddin said to the others. “When
you say ‘Give
!
’
to him, he d
10
nothing, but when you say
‘Take
!
’ he always
takes.”
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答案与简析:
守财奴闹出了笑话。文中谈了一次救人的过程,解题时要根据当时的情况特别注意
“give”
和
“take”
的妙
用。
1. never.
因为
love money,
所以他决
不会
“
给予
”
。
never
意为
“
< br>从不
”
。
2. rich. rich
是形容词,作表语。由于从不施舍,几年后他就富有了。
3. pull. pull...out
意为
“
把
……
拉出来
”
。
4. man’s. head
为名词,要选用
man
的所有格形式。
5. and. and then...
意为
“
后来又
……”
。
and
起并列作用。
6. give. give...to...
意为
“
把
……
给
……”
。
7. same.
句意为:又发生了同样的情况。
8. another. another
表示不定指的
“
又一个,另一个
”
。
9. well.
well
为副词,
know well
意思是
“
很了解
”
。
10. does.
这句话是引述原话,
故用一般现在时。
do no
thing
表示
“
什么事都不干
”
。
例题解析
A