-
动词不定式有很多种
主语
;
不定式做主语,常常用
it
做形
式主语,而把不定式放后面
表语:多说情况下,不定式做表语,可转换为做主语
宾语:只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不做介词的宾语
定语:不定式做定语,要放在修饰词的后面
状语:不定式做状语,其逻辑主语要和主语一致
英语的四大复合结构
英语的复合结构
由两个部分组成:一个部分表示人或者物,另一个部
分表示动作或者状态。两个部分之间
存在逻辑上的主谓关系,就是第
一部分的人或物是第二部分动作的执行者或承受者,或者
,第二部分
所表示的状态就是第一部分所表示的人或物所处的状态。例如:
We
think
a
good
knowledge
of
English
as
necessary
as
an
excellent
ability
to
communicate
in
the
work
of
a
foreign
affairs
official.
(英语必不可少)
With stepping stones along
the road, you don’t have to walk
in the
mud. (
沿路的是石头
)
英语中有四大复合结构:
1.
动词不定式的复合结构
( for sb to do
sth )
Please find some work for the
children to do. (
孩子们做工作
)
The book is too difficult for me to
read, (
我读不懂
)
2.
动名词的复合结构
(
sb’s / sb doing
sth )
His being late again
made the teacher angry.
(他迟到)
Would you
mind my / me smoking here?
(
我抽烟
)
动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。
p>
以上两种结构中,一个只能用不定式表示动作,一个只能用动名词;
而在下面两个结构中,可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。
3.
独立主格结构
(
主格名词或代词
+
补足成分
)
The work finished, we stopped
for a drink. (
分词
)
She looked angrily at the pretty girl,
her face white and her
eyes green.
(形容词)
Sword in
hand, the man came at me.
(介词短语)
独立主格结构在句子中做状语,表原因或伴随状态。
4.
复合宾语
(宾语
+
宾语补足语)
His speech made us laugh.
(不定式)
When she
woke up, she found herself in hospital.
(介词短语)
I want
the house painted white.
(分词)
Don’t keep
the lights
on all the night.
(副词。这类副词还
有:
here,
there, home, back, off, away, out, in, up,
down
等)
We
consider him one of our best friends.
(名词)
We found
the movie wonderful.
(形容词)
能够接复合宾语的动词可分为三类:
(
1
)
.
感官类,如:
see,
notice,
watch,
observe,
hear,
feel
等
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