-
2019
年
6
月大学英语四级真题完整版(第
3
套)
Part I
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part,
you are allowed 30 minutes to write
a
news report to your
campus newspaper on
a visit to a
volunteer activity
organized by your Student
Union.
You should write at
least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part
Ⅱ
Listening
Comprehension
(25
minutes)
Section A
Directions
: In this section,
you will hear three news reports. At the end of
each news
report, you will hear two or
three questions. Both the news report and then
questions
will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer
from the four choices
marked A
)
,
B), C)
and D).Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 1with a single line
through the centre.
本次四级考试只
有
2
套听力
Part
Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension
( 40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, there is a passage
with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each blank from a
list of choices given in a word bank following
the
passage.
Read
the
passage
through
carefully
before
making
your
choices.
Each
choice in the bank is
identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for
each item on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre. You may not use
any of the
words in the bank more than
once
.
Questions
26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Just
because
they
can
’
t
sing
opera
or
ride
a
bicycle
doesn
’
t
mean
that
animals
don
’
t have
culture. There
’
s no better
example of this than killer whales. As one of the
most __26__ predators(
食肉动物
p>
)
,
killer whales may
not fit the __27__ of a cultured
creature. However, these beasts of the
sea do display a vast range of highly __28__
behaviors that appear to be driving
their genetic development.
The
word
“
culture
”
comes
from
the
Latin
p>
“
colere,
”
which
__29__
means
“
to
cultivate.
”
In other words, it refers to
anything
that is
__30__ or learnt,
rather
than
instinctive or natural. Among
human populations, culture not only affects the
way we
live, but also writes itself
into our genes, affecting who we are. For
instance, having
spent many generations
hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the
Eskimos of
Greenland
have
developed
certain
genetic
__31__
that
help
them
digest
and
utilize
this fat-rich diet,
thereby allowing them to __32__ in their cold
climate.
Like humans, killer whales
have colonized a range of different __33__ across
the
globe, occupying every ocean basin
on the planet, with an empire that __34__ from
pole to pole. As such, different
populations of killer whales have had to learn
different
hunting techniques in order
to gain the upper hand over their local
prey(
猎物
). This,
in turn, has a major effect on their
diet, leading scientists to __35__ that the
ability to
learn
population-
specific
hunting
methods
could
be
driving
the
animals
’
genetic
development.
A) acquired
E) expressed
I) image
M)
speculate
B) adaptations
F)
extends
J) literally
N) structure
C)
brutal
G) habitats
K) refined
O)
thrive
D) deliberately
H)
humble
L) revolves
Section B
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
are
going
to
read
a
passage
with
ten
statements
attached
to
each
statement
contains
information
given
in
one
of
the
paragraphs.
Identify
the
paragraph
from
which
the
information
is
derived.
You
may
choose
a
paragraph
more
than
once.
Each
paragraph
is
marked
with
a
letter.
Answer
the
questions by marking the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Living with parents edges
out other living arrangements for 18- to
34- year-olds
[A]
Broad
demographic
(
人口的
)shifts
is
marital
status,
educational
attainment
and
employment have transformed the way
young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new
Pew
Research
Center
analysis
highlights
the
implications
of
these
changes
for
the
most basic element of
their lives
—
where they call
home. In 2014,for the first time in
more than 130
years, adults
ages 18 to
34 were
slightly
more likely to
be living in
their parents
’
home than they were to be living with a spouse or
partner in their own
household.
[B]
This turn of
events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in
the share of young
Americans who are
choosing to settle down romantically before age
35. Dating back
to
1880, the
most common living arrangement among
young adults has been living
with
a
romantic
partner,
whether
a
spouse
or
a
significant
other.
This
type
of
arrangement peaked around
1960, when 62% of the
nation
’
s 18-to 34-year-olds
were
living
with
a
spouse
or
partner
in
their
own
household,
and
only
one-in-
five
were
living with their
parents.
[C]
By
2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a
spouse or partner in their own
household, below the share living in
the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14%
of young adults lived alone, were a
single parent or lived with one or more roommates.
The
remaining
22%
lived
in
the
home
of
another
family
member
(such
as
a
grandparent,
in-law or
sibling (
兄弟姐妹
)), a non-
relative, or in
group quarters like
college dormitories.
[D]
It
’
s worth noting that the
overall share of young adults living with their
parents
was not at a record high in
2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when
about
35% of the
nation
’
s 18-to 34-year-olds
lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32%
in 2014). What has changed, instead, is
the relative share adopting different ways of
living
in
early
adulthood,
with
the
decline
of
romantic
coupling
pushing
living
at
home to the top of a much less uniform
list of living arrangements.
[E]
Among young adults,
living arrangements differ significantly by
gender. For men
ages
18
to
34,
living
at
home
with
mom
and/or
dad
has
been
the
dominant
living
arrangement
since
2009,
In
2014,28%
of
young
men
were
living
with
a
spouse
of
partner
in
their
own
home,
while
35%
were
living
in
the
home
of
their
parent(s).
Young women,
however, are still more likely to be living with a
spouse of romantic
partner(35%) than
they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).
[F]
In
2014,
more
young
women
(16%)
than
young
men
(13%)
were
heading
up
a
household without a spouse or partner.
This is mainly because women are more likely
than
men
to
be
single
parents
living
with
their
children.
For
their
part,
young
men
(25%) are more likely
than young women (19%) to be living in the home of
another
family member, a non-relative
or in some type of group quarters.
[G]
A
variety
of
factors
contribute
to
the
long-run
increase
in
the
share
of
young.
Adults living with the parents. The
first in the postponement of, if not retreat from,
marriage. The average age of first
marriage has risen steadily for decades. In
addition,
a growing share of young
adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A
previous Pew
Research Center analysis
projected that as many as one-in-four of
today
’
s young adult
may never marry. While
cohabitation(
同居
)has been on
the rise, the overall share of
young
adults
either
married
or
living
with
an
unmarried
partner
has
substantially
fallen since
1990.
[H]
In
addition, trends in both employment status and
wages have likely contributed
to the
growing share of young adults who are living in
the home of their parent(s), and
this
is especially true of young men. Employed young
men are much less likely to live
at
home than young men without a job, and employment
among young men has fallen
significantly
in
recent
decades.
The
share
of
young
men
with
jobs
peaked
around
1960 at 84%. In 2014,
only 71% of 18-to-34-year-old men were employed.
Similarly
with
earnings,
young
men
’
s
wages
(after
adjusting
for
inflation)
have
been
on
a
downward trajectory
(
轨迹
) since 1970 and fell
significantly from 2000 to 2010. As
wages have fallen, the share of young
men living in the home of their parent(s) has
risen.
[I]
Economic factors seem to
explain less of why young adult women are
increasingly
likely to live at home.
Generally, young women have had growing success in
the paid
labor market since 1960 and
hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to
afford
to afford to live independently
of their parents. For women, delayed
marriage
—
which
is
related,
in
part,
to
labor
market
outcomes
for
men
—
may
explain
more
of
the
increase in their living
in the family home.
[J]
The
Great
Recession
(and
modest
recovery)
has
also
been
associated
with
an
increase in young adults
living at home. Initially in the wake of the
recession, college
enrollments
expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults
living at home. And given
the weak job
opportunities facing young adults, living at home
was part of the private
safety net help
young adults to weather the economic storm.
[K]
Beyond
gender,
young
adult
’
s
living
arrangements
differ
considerable
by
education
—
which
is tied to
financial
means.
For
young adults
without
a
bachelor
’
s
degree, as of 2008 living at home with
their parents was more prevalent than living
with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36%
of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed a
bachelor
’
s
degree
were
living
with
their
parent(s)
while
27%
were
living
with
a
spouse or
partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were
married or living with
a partner, and
only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young
adults with a college
degree
have
fared
much
better
in
the
labor
market
than
their
less-educated
counterparts, which has in turn made it
easier to establish their own households.
oyed
young
men
are
more
likely
to
live
with
their
parents
than
the
employed.
2014,
the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with
their parents was greater
than that of
their female counterparts.
percentage of young people who are married or live
with a partner has greatly
decreased in
the past three decades or so.
the mid-20th century, only 20 percent
of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their
parents
’
home.
adults with
a
college degree found it easier to
live
independently of their
parents.
men are less likely to end
up as single parents than young women.
young
adult
women
live
with
their
parents
than
before
due
to
delayed