-
2018
年北京市高级中等学校招生考试
英语试卷
姓名：
__________
准考证
号
:________________
考场号
:______
座位号
:_____
考生须知
1.
本试卷共
10
页，共五道大题，
39
道小题，满分
60
分，考试时间
90
分钟。
2.<
/p>
在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3.
试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上。在试卷上作答无效。
4.
在答题卡上，选择题用
2B
铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹铅字笔作答。
5.
考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。<
/p>
知识运用（共
14
分）
(2018
·北京中考）<
/p>
一、单项填空（共
6
分，每小题
0.5
分）
从下面各
题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四
个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.
(2018
·北京中考）
My brother
and I like football. _______ play it together once
a week.
A.
I
B.
They
C. We
D. You
< br>C
【解析】考查人称代词辨析。空处代指
My
brother and I
两人，所以用人称代词
we
。故选
C
。
2.
(2018
·北京中考）
Happy birthday, Peter!
Here
’
s a gift ______ you.
A.
for
B. in
A
【解析
】
考查介词辨析。
根据句意判断：
Pe
ter
，
生日快乐！
这是送你的一份礼
物。
表示
“为
了；给”用介词
for
。故选
A
。
3.
(2018
·北京中考）
—
______ do you usually
go to school, Mary?
—
By
bike.
A.
When
B. How
C. Where
D. Why
B
【解析】考查疑问副
词辨析。答语表示方式，提问用副词
How
。故选
B
。
4.
(2018
·北京中考）
Many
people like pandas ______ they are cute.
A.
though
B. if
C. while
D. because
D
【解析】
考查连词辨析。
句意：
很多人喜欢熊猫，
因为它们可爱。
表示原因用连词
because
。
故选
D
。
5.
(2018
·北京中考）
I
______ go now, or I
’
ll miss
my train.
A.
can
B. might
C. must
D. Could
C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。
can
能；可以；
might
可能；
must
必须；一定；
could
会
；可
能；可以。根据句意判断：我现在必须走了，否则我会赶不上火车了。故选
C
。
6.
(2018
·北京中考）
Tony
is ______ of the three boys, but he is the
tallest.
A.
young
B. younger
C. youngest
D.
the youngest
D
【解析】考查形容词比较等级辨
析。根据
of the three boys
判断，三者以上
比较用最高级；
最高级形式前用定冠词
the
< br>。故选
D
。
7.
(2018
·北京中考）
Bill
likes reading. He ______ picture books with his
dad every evening.
A.
read
B. reads
C. is reading
D.
has read
B
【解析】考查动词时态。根据
every
evening
判断句中使用一般现
在时，主语
He
是第三人
称单数，所以
动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选
B
。
8.
(2018
·北京中考）
—
Paul, what were you
doing at nine last night?
—
I
______ a movie in the cinema with my friends.
A.
was watching
C.
have watched
D.
will watch
A
【解析】考查动词时态。根据问句中
的时间“
at nine last
night
”判断句中动作表示过去时
1
刻正在发生的事情，用过去进行时。故选
< br>A
。
(2018
·北京中考）
9.
(2018
·
北京中考）
David is a tennis
player. He ______ to play tennis when he was six
years old.
A.
begins
B. will begin
C. began
D. has begun
C
【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间
状语从句
when he was six years old
判断主句时态使用过
去时。故选
C
。
10.
(
2018
·北京中考）
—
Lucy,
is your uncle a teacher?
—
Yes, he is. He ______
history for nearly 20 years.
A.
teaches
B. has taught
C. is teaching
D. will teach
B
【解
析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语
for nearly 20 years
判断句中使用现在完成时。故选
B
。
11.
(2018
·北京中考）
A new
international airport ______ in the city next
year.
A.
completes
B. is
completed
C.
will complete
D. will be completed
D
【解析】考查被动语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系，应该使用被动语态；根据句
中时间状语
next year
判断使用一般将来时
。故选
D
。
12.
(2018
< br>·北京中考）
—
Alice, could you
tell me ______ London?
—
Sure. Last Sunday.
A.
when Mr. Smith
left
Mr. Smith will leave
B.
when did Mr.
Smith leave
D.
when will Mr. Smith leave
A
【
解析】
考查宾语从句。
宾语从句使用陈述语序，
排除
C
、
D
< br>两项；
根据答语时间
last Sunday
判断使用一般过去时。故选
A
。
< br>
二、完形填空
(
共
8
分，每小题
1
分）
(2018
·北京中考）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选择
最佳选项。
(2018
·北京中考）
Real
Solutions(
解决方法
) to Problems
Thirty engineers were working as a team
in a company. They were young and eager to learn.
The management decided to teach them
about finding real solutions to problems.
One
day,
the
team
was
called
for
a
13
in
a
hall.
They
were
quite
surprised
and
all
reached the hall holding various
14
.
As they
entered, they found a box placed in the center,
full of flat balloons.
The
manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow
it up. Then they were asked to write
their names on their
respective(
各自的
) balloons
15
so that the balloons
wouldn
’
t blow out.
All tried, but not everyone was
16
. Five balloons blew out due to
pressure(
压力
).
Those who failed to mark their names on
the balloons were
17
out of the game. As a
result
25
engineers
came
to
the
next
level.
All
the
balloons
carrying
their
names
were
18
and then put
into a room. here and there.
The
engineers were told to pick the balloon with his
or her name on. All the 25 engineers
began to search for the respective
balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes but
no one was able
to
19
the the right one. The second level of
the game was over.
Then came the final
level. The engineers were asked to pick any
balloon and give it to the
person named
on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes. all
balloons
20
the hands of
the
respective engineers.
The manager announced this was the real
solution to the problem. Many
times
in our life,
2
sharing and helping others give us real
solutions to problems.
13. A. game
B. show
C.
concert
D. party
14. A.
purposes
B. suggestions
C. thoughts
D. plans
15. A. quietly
lly
C. secretly
D. clearly
16.
A. honest
B. ready
C. patient
D. successful
17. A. checked
B. helped
C. ruled
D. cheated
18. A. collected
B. weighed
C. tied
D. cleaned
19.
A. mark
B. hide
C.
number
D. find
20. A. freed
B. reached
C. lifted
D. hit
(2018
·北京中考）
体裁
13
.A
【解析】考查前后文理解。根据第四段第一句句意“那些没能在气球上写上名字的工
程
师被排除出了游戏。
”可知，这些工程师被召集在一个大厅里
做游戏。故选
A
。
< br>14.C
【解析】考查名词辨析。
purpose
目的；
suggestion
建议；
thought
想法；
plan
计划。句
意：他们都很惊讶，带着各种不同的想法来到了大厅。故选
C
。
15.B
【解析】
考查副词辨析。
quietly
安静地；
carefully
仔细地；
认真地；
secretly
秘密地；
clearly
清晰地。
句意：
然后他们被要求不把气球弄爆的情况下在各自的气球上小心地写上各自的名
字。
故选
B
。
1
6.D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。
honest
诚实的；
ready
准备好的；
patient
耐心的；
successful
成功的。根据下句句意“五个气球因为压力（过大）爆了”推断此句表示并非每个人都成功
了。故选
D
。
17.C
【解析】考查动词短语。
check
out
检查；
help
out
帮助解决；
rule
out
排除；取消；
clean
ou
t
清扫。句意：那些没能在气球上标注姓名的工程师被取消（参加下面的）游戏。故选<
/p>
C
。
18.A
【解析】考查动词辨析。
collect
收集；
weigh
称重；
tie
捆绑；
clean
清理。句意：所有
带名字的气球被收集起来胡乱地放在了一个房间内。故选
A
。
19.D
【解析】考
查动词辨析。
mark
标记；
hide
掩藏；
number
计数；
find
发现。句意：将近
十五分钟过去了，依然
没有人能找到自己的气球。
故选
D
。
<
/p>
20.B
【解析】考查动词短语。
rea
ch the hands
拿到手。故选
B
。
阅读理解（共
36
分）
三、阅读下列短
文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的
A
、
< br>B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选择
最佳选项。
(2
018
·北京中考）
（共
26
分，每小题
2
分）
Roger: Hi, there! It was my
15
th
birthday last Saturday.
Some of my friends and Alan. my cousin,
came to celebrate it. Everyone brought
me a gift. We had a party. We played games. sang
songs
and had a big birthday cake. It
was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything
special last week?
Jessica: Yes. My
class were on a school field trip last week.
First, we went to the University of
North
Carolina
to
learn
about
the
history
of
its
basketball
team.
Many
basketball
stars
were
students there! Then we visited a
museum. We learned about how the plane was
invented and took
many pictures there.
Sara:Well. I was lucky enough to go to
a conference(
会议
) on
charity(
慈善
) last Wednesday.
I was
so excited to meet a lot of kind
people there. One of them was a boy named Richard.
He spoke at
the conference about the
charity work that he has done in the past few
years.
Martin: It was a different week
than usual. Last Thursday, my school
band(
乐队
) went to Atlanta
3
记叙文
话题
合作
字数
282
to perform in a competition. I played
the violin and we won a prize! On Friday, we went
to the
Georgia Aquarium and got to see
different kinds of sea life from all over the
world. It was really
cool!
21.
When did
Roger have his birthday party?
A.
Last
Wednesday.
B.
B.
Last Thursday.
C. Last Friday.
D. Last
Saturday.
22.
Who
went on a school field trip last week?
A.
Alan.
B.
a.
C. Sara.
D. Richard
23.
Martin went
to Atlanta to ______.
A.
speak at a conference
B. organize a
party
C. perform in a competition
D. visit a university
(2018
·北京中考）
220
体裁
记叙文
话题
校园生活
词数
【主
旨大意】本文通过四位同学对上周活动的描述向我们展示了他们多彩的生活。
Roger
上
周六过
15
岁生日；
Jessica
上周参加了学校组织的野外旅行；
Sara
上周三参加了一场慈善会
议；
Martin
所在的学校乐队上周四参加了一场比赛并获奖；周五去
了水族馆。
21.D
【解析】细节
考查题。根据
Roger
所说“
It
was my 15th birthday last Saturday
”可知，<
/p>
他的生日派对是在上周六。故选
D
。
22.B
【解析】细节考查题。根据第
二段
Jessica
所说“
My
class were on a school field trip last
week
”可知，参加学校野外旅行的是
Jessica
。故选
B
。
23.C
【解析】
细节考查题。
根据
Martin
所说
“
Last Thursday, my school band went
to Atlanta to
perform in a competition<
/p>
”可知，乐队去
Atlanta
是参加比
赛。故选
C
。
(2018
·北京中考）
B
A Beautiful Moment
When I
was in high school, I worked part time helping Dad
sell fruits and vegetables at a
market.
One day, as I was preparing the fruits. A little
boy came by with his mom and sister. He
was about eight years old, and the
girl, five or six. They were looking at the fruits
in front of me. I
heard the kids say to
their mom(in French).
“
They<
/p>
’
re
good!
”
I knew it
was French, because I can
speak and
understand it.
Then I noticed how the
mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she
was really looking
at the fruits
because she was facing them, but then I noticed
how much she had to feel and smell
each
one as she picked them out. And she often asked
her son if it looked okay, but looked way
above where his face was. Putting what
I saw together. I was sure she was blind.
Both of the kids continued to help
their mom pick out the fruits. The son made sure
the fruits
were not obviously bad, and
the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman
then felt each one
4
and
smiled,
and
the
daughter
would
put
them
into
their
basket.
The
kids
were
smiling
while
helping their mom pick
the fruits out.
Their
smile
and
gentle
manner
moved
me
in
a
way
that
never
happened
before.
It
was
so
beautiful
to
see
such
young
kids
so
willingly
help.
Most
kids
that
age
would
be
picking
out
candies or toys in a store for
themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out
fruits, as the two
kids did.
It
was
great
to
witness
the
moment,
but
not
so
great
because
I
didn
’
t
tell
the
mom
how
beautiful her children
were in their language. This is what I regret to
this day.
24.
The
woman and her kids came to the market to buy ____.
A.
fruits
B. vegetables
C.
candies
D. toys
25.
According to
what he saw, the writer was sure the mother
couldn
’
t _____.
A.
speak
B. see
C.
smell
D. hear
26.
The writer
was moved because _______.
A.
the mother was
brave to face her problems
B. the kids
were polite and kind to each other
C.
the mother was careful in picking out things
D. the kids were so willing to help
their mother
(2018
·北京中考）
309
体裁
记叙文
话题
故事
词数
24. A
【解析】细节
理解题
。根据“
They were
looking the fruits in front of me
”判断这位女
士
和她的孩子要买水果。故选
A
。
25. B
【解析】推理判断题。根据
第二段最后一句“
…
I was sure she was
blind
（我相信她是
盲人）
”推断
可知她看不见。故选
B
。
26. D
【解析】综合推断题。综合第四段内容可知，作者
深受两个孩子的感动是因为他们在
如此年龄就自愿帮助母亲干活，而不是像同龄人一样去
挑选糖果玩具。故选
D
。
(2018
·北京中考）
C
Some primary schoolchildren have been
raised in homes with more green space around. They
are likely to come with larger volumes
of white and gray matter in certain areas of the
brain. These
differences are
associated(
关联
) with
beneficial effects on cognitive
function(
认知功能
). This is
the main conclusion of a study led by
the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.
The
study
was
performed
among
253
schoolchildren
in
Spain.
Lifelong
exposure(
接触
)
to
green space in the living
places was recorded-using the information on the
children
’
s addresses
from
birth
up
through
to
the
time
of
the
study.
Brain
structure
was
studied
using
3D
magnetic
resonance
imaging(MR). Working memory and
inattentiveness(
注意力不集中
) were
graded with
computers.
“
This
is
the
first
study
that
shows
the
association
between
long-term
exposure
to
green
space
and brain structure.
”
says Dr. Payam Dadvand, the leading
researcher of the study.
“
Our
findings
suggest
that
exposure
to
green
space
early
in
life
could
result
in
beneficial
structural
changes in the
brain.
”
The
findings show that long-term exposure to greenness
is positively associated with white
and
grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain.
Some of them are related to higher scores on
cognitive tests. Moreover, larger
volumes of white and grey
matter
in those parts
might
lead to
5