英国求职专家教你写英文简历(详细)resume and cover letter writing

RESUME:

Step 1 Three Kinds To Choose From

Your first decision will be to choose an appropriate resume format. There are

three formats for resumes: chronological, functional, and combination. In this

section, we will describe the different formats and offer examples of each.

Deciding what format to use is an important decision...so give this some

thought.

Reverse Chronological Resume Format

Example 1

This is the traditional style resume that lists your professional experience

chronologically, starting with your most recent position. The majority of

resumes are written in this format, and this is also the format most employers

are accustomed to seeing

. This style is particularly effective in the following

cases:

You have professional experience in the field of interest.

?

You can demonstrate measurable results from their work activities - for

example,

attendance.

?

You've held impressive job titles, and/or have worked for big- name

employers.

?

Functional Resume Format

Example 2

This style resume became popular in the 1970's and 1980's but is still viewed

skeptically by some employers. The functional resume format summarizes

your professional

employment history. Keep this in mind: since employers are used to seeing

reverse chronological resumes, make sure you have a definite reason for

selecting a functional resume format. This format is often used in the following

instances:

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?

Recent graduates who don't have a lot of professional experience in

their field, but DO have relevant coursework or training.

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minimizes dates.

OR

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You want to emphasize skills you have that haven't been used in recent

work experiences.

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Combination Resume Format

Example 3

The combination resume utilizes the best components of the reverse

chronological and functional styles. More recently, the combination resume

has included accomplishments under each position or function, rather than

simply outlining duties and responsibilities. This style allows for flexibility in

designing a resume. Again, since employers are used to a reverse

chronological format, consider this style when:

Each position you held involved a different job description.

?

You have held internships or volunteer positions that directly relate to

field of interest.

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Remember...you decide which will work best for you. Take some time

looking at the examples, and pick the one that will best show off what

you have to offer an employer!

Step2 How Do I Write This Thing?

Select the section below that you wish to learn about, and you will be introduc

ed to the

purpose of that section, shown examples of how the section can look, given the opportunity to

make your own version of that section, and offered hints in case you're feeling stuck.

A) Identifying Information

B) The Objective

C) Summary of Qualifications

D) Education

E) Work Experience

F) Activities/Interests

.

A) Identifying Information

The first section of a resume is your name, address, phone number, fax and/or e-mail address.

You need not write

obvious what they are looking at. It is customary to put name, home address and home phone

number in this section. It may also be helpful to put your work phone and perhaps fax and

e-mail as well (if it is okay that you be contacted at your present job).

Examples

Example #1

Example #2

B) The Objective!

The objective is a purely

optional

part of the resume.

When used, an objective serves two purposes.

First, an objective tells an employer what position you are seeking. Rather than being a

statement about your life goals, an objective refers just to the very next immediate step you

hope will be on your career path.

Second, it indicates whether or not you are clear about what opportunities are available with a

particular employer. If you are unclear about what position you are seeking, and/or what

positions an employer has available, it may be preferable to omit the objective, rather than to

plug in something vague. For example, the objective

position which will afford advancement and professional growth

unique about the candidate.

If you choose to include an objective, here are some guidelines which can help you. An

objective can contain up to four parts. An objective does not have to contain all four parts; just

include as many parts as you know.

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First is the

terms, or create one of your own.

For some folks

俗话说

,

position level is not an

important piece of an objective, and can be left off.

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Part two is the skills you hope to use in that position. Refer to the list of action verbs to

help you identify what skills you like and/or have experience using. For exam

ple, you

may be seeking

A position in consulting, software design, development and support

For some individuals, the skills are the only piece of the objective they know. An

objective including only the skills you want to use is respectable because it s

till

conveys information which the employer will want.

?

Part three is the position function, also sometimes called position title. If you are

responding to a job posting, the position function can often be found in the employer's

text. Examples of functions are

engineer

with broad skill sets, many position titles may apply. Find out what a specific employer

calls this function within their organization during your informational interview or from

an acquaintance who works in that field. You may also choose to invent a title that is

broad enough to encompass your unique vision.

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Finally, part four is the field or industry, in which you hope to work. Examples of fields

or industries include

Your particular position may well be found in a variety of fiel

ds or industries. For

example, accountants work in all of the above industries. If your career vision is not

field or industry specific, you may wish to omit this part of the objective.

Integrating all four parts into a cohesive whole is easy. The followi

ng objective contains all four

parts. See if you can identify them.

a team member and contribute to marketing, support, design and testing of products

and services.

Examples

Here are just a couple of ways that others have communicated their objectives.

Example #1

Example #2

C) Summary of Qualifications

(also called

Summary statements are a relatively recent phenomenon in resume writing. They often

replace The Objective, though in some circumstances, both can be used. The S

ummary

statement allows you to state your skills, values, interests, and other pieces of information that

is most relevant to the position to which you are applying. If you knew that a hiring authority

would only read one section of your resume, this would be it!

The Summary statement is usually at the top of your resume,

the first thing after your

Identifying Information.

You may use a paragraph or bullet format, but

bulleting is usually

easier to read.

Avoid using words like

I, me, or my.

Sometimes its easier to create these statements AFTER you work on the main part of your

resume. You will also create or re-word your summary statement for each job position you

pursue. Most of all, after reading this statement, the potential employer will be able to see that

you have the basic competencies needed for their job!

Examples

Here's one way of writing it.

D) Education

This section is designed to show an employer that you have the necessary educational

credentials to do the job. It includes your credit

-based traditional degrees and certificates as

well as non-credit professional learning. It can show your academic breadth and intellectual

accomplishments. It can even imply something about your industriousness and desire to

improve yourself. Continuous learning is a must in order to be competitive in today's job world

and this section can show what you have done to stay up-to-date in your current field, and also

how you continue to learn.

In your

certificates, academic awards or scholarships, relevant courses

and professional credentials.

Sometimes, it may also benefit you to include your g

rade point average and/or rank in class.

Examples

E) Work Experience

In this exercise, you will learn how to write an entry for your Work Experience section as you

would if you were writing a

reverse chronological

resume. If you decide that a functional

format would be better for you, you will still use many of the things you will learn from this page.

The major difference will be that you will group your experiences by job responsibility category

(accounting skills, supervisory skills) as opposed to job title (Accountant: University of

Minnesota).

Your work experience section should tell the employer what you've accomplished in past work

experiences...which will suggest what you can accomplish for them in the next job! Basically,

this is an extremely important section of your resume. First, let's look at some examples of

Work Experience Sections...

Examples

This person used bullets well

. I like the way this individual quantifies things: supervised

8

junior

accountants, and implemented software

2 months

ahead of schedule. Notice he/she also

mentioned that they were promoted!

Here's

a

way

to

describe

your

experience

in

paragraph

form.

Note

the

action

verbs

at

the

beginning of the sentences,

and this person also did a nice job

of quantifying results (r

aised

over $$10,000).

F) Activities/Experience

First thing you need to know it that the Activities/Interest section of the resume is optional.

Here's why you might decide to include it as you assemble your resume:

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to demonstrate a well-rounded person with more dimensions than just work

to point out skills that have been demonstrated in your non- professional life

to account for gaps in employment

as a conversation starter (possibly the employer shares, or is intrigued by, your

interest)

Activities and interests, while they sound similar, are actually different things. Activities are

structured...as with clubs, professional associations, etc. Examples would be Member of