-
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Huawei Technologies Co.
displayed its much-anticipated in-house operating
system Harmony
OS on Friday, marking
what some call the Chinese tech giant's biggest
push yet to build its own
software
ecosystem for the era of the internet of
things.
The
move
is
also
expected
to
weaken
the
influence
of
the
United
States
government's
restrictions on
Huawei using Google's Android operating system in
smartphones, analysts said.
Yu Chengdong, CEO of Huawei's consumer business
group, speaking in Dongguan, Guangdong
province, said it is difficult to
deliver a smooth experience across different
devices with the huge
amount of codes
involved in the Android and Linux operating
systems. Linux is an open-source
operating system widely used in
personal computers and other hardware.
adding that it will be
able to support a wide range of application
situations, including smart TVs,
automobiles and wearables.
The internet of things refers to a
network of devices and other objects that can
connect with
each other and exchange
data.
Yu
said
the
US
government's
restrictions
have
accelerated
the
company's
marketing
of
the
system, which now has about 4,000
employees working on it.
The senior executive said Harmony can be used in
its smartphones. But Android is still Huawei's
preferred choice for handsets if the
company is allowed to use it.
when
Android
is
not
available,
Harmony
can
be
applied
immediately
to
smartphones.
Harmony is
ready,
Jia
Mo,
an
analyst
at
market
research
company
Canalys,
said
even
if
Huawei
does
not
use
Harmony in its smartphones in the short
term, its smartwatches and smart TVs can be
equipped
with Harmony to widen its use
and accumulate more experience in building an
ecosystem.
and
allow
it
to
be
compatible
with
Android.
Thus
Harmony
will
be
more
accepted
by
current
Android
users.
This
will
prevent
Huawei
from
repeating
the
fate
of
Microsoft
in
promoting
smartphone
systems,
smartphones years
ago.
（
1
）
What is the significance of the
Harmony OS?
A.
It symbolizes Huawei has finished its own software
ecosystem.
B. It may reduce
the threat from US government's
restrictions.
C. It will
accumulate more experience in building an
ecosystem.
D. It
successfully borrows from Microsoft's Windows
system.
（
2
）
Which of the following may take
the place of the underlined word
paragraph?
A. Used harmoniously.
B. Operated quickly.
C.
Resisted fiercely.
D. Monitored
closely.
（
3
）
Where may we find this article?
A. Fashion magazines.
B. TV interviews.
C.
Historic documents.
D. News
websites.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，介绍了华为的鸿蒙系统的发布。此系统的发布还
有望削弱美国政府对华为在智能手机
中使用谷歌
Android
操作系统的限制。更重要的是，
华为选择将鸿蒙系统构建为开源操作的系统，并允许它与
Andro
id
系统兼容。这样就可以
阻止华为重蹈微软在智能手机系统推
广上的覆辙。
（
< br>1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“The move
is also expected to weaken the influence of
the United States government's
restrictions on Huawei using Google's Android
operating system
in
smartphones,
analysts
said.
”
可知，华为希望鸿蒙操
作系统能够削弱来自美国政府禁止华
为在智能手机里使用谷歌安卓系统的影响。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“Also,
more
importantly,
Huawei
chose
to
build
Harmony into an open-source operating
system and allow it to be compatible with Android.
Thus
Harmony
will
be
easily
accepted by
current
Android
users.”
鸿蒙
是一个
“open
-source
operating
system”
开源操作系统，华为选择将鸿蒙安装在一个对各种资源开放的操作系统中，就是让
它能够
与安卓系统兼容。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。这篇文章讲述的不是时尚、学术或科学问题，它的文体属于新闻，
所以可以在
新闻网站上找到。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题
型的考查，是一篇新闻报
道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进
行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
More than great drinks,
great rewards
Enjoy all
the benefits and more with your membership to our
Loyalty Program!
Whenever you pay with your membership account,
you'll earn a Star.
Collect more Stars, earn more rewards.
Three ways to join us
Buy a Starbucks Card handy to
create an account
Track
your Stars online or through the mobile app, and
we'll send an email when you've earned
a reward.
You
can also join from your phone.
Download the Starbucks
App.
One
of
the
most
exciting
benefits
of
being
a
member
is
using
our
mobile
app
to:
pay
for
purchases; view your Stars and rewards;
access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current
offers.
Or you can join
with specially marked coffee purchased at the
grocery store.
Enter
your Starcode (limit: 2 per day)
Look for the Starcode symbol on
specially marked Starbucks products where you buy
groceries.
Three levels
with increasingly greater rewards
To reach each level in our Loyalty
Program, you need to collect more Stars.
(Remember: to earn
a Star, you must pay
with a registered Starbucks Card.)
Welcome level
To earn your first rewards, just
register a Starbucks Card.
Birthday
drink
or
treat
on
us,
birthday
coupon
(
优惠券
)
for
15%
off
a
purchase
at
.
Green
level
Collect 5 Stars
within 12 months and you'll be in the Green
level.
What is included
in the Welcome level plus
Free in-store refills (
续杯
)
on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea
Gold level
Collect 30 Stars within 12 months and you'll be at
the Gold level.
What is
included in the Green level plus
A free food or drink item after
another 12 Stars earned
Personalized Gold Card
（
1
）
Which of the
following is a way you can apply for membership?
A. To update the Starbucks
App.
B. To collect 5 stars
within 12 month.
C. To send
an email to .
D. To enter a
Starcode from specially marked Starbucks
products.
（
2
）
With a Starbucks Card of Green
level, you will get ________.
A. a free drink item
B. free in-store refills
C.
personalized Gold Card
D. all purchases 15% off
（
3
）
Which
of the following statements is TRUE?
earn a Star, you must pay
by credit card.
can enter
your Starcode three times a day.
the Starbucks App, you can view
current offers.
Welcome
level, you can refill iced brewed coffee or
tea.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会
员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们
选择，并鼓励人们成为会员。
（<
/p>
1
）考查细节理解。文章第二个黑色小标题
“Three ways to join us”
三种方式加入我们，下
列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开个账户；通过手机上的
APP
申请加入；在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标志。
所以通过输入
在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员
的方式。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据
Green
level
部分中的
“Free
in
-store
refills
(
续杯
)
on
hot
or
iced
brewed
coffee
or
tea”
可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克
绿
色会员，就可以免费续杯。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据
“One of the most exciting
benefits of being a member is using our
mobile app to: pay for purchases; view
your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the
Week;
see
current
offers.”
可知，通过手机
APP
申请会员有以下几大好处：手机支付、查看你的星
级与奖励、可以听
iTunes
本周最佳选择、查看订单进度。故选
C<
/p>
。
【点评】
本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，并
结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
A university in
Nanjing, Jiangsu province, has installed facial
recognition systems in classrooms
to
monitor students' behavior, sparking a heated
debate online. China Pharmaceutical University
recently installed the systems in two
pilot classrooms as well as school gates,
dormitory entrances,
the library and
laboratory buildings.
Xu
Jianzhen, director of the university's library and
information center, told that
the
systems
will
help
teachers
check
student
attendance
and
monitor
behavior
during
the
lectures.
other
students
to
check
the
attendance
for
them.
Now
with
facial
recognition,
that
would
no
longer be a problem,
you all
the way through and can tell how long you lower
your head, whether you're playing with a
smart phone, whether you're dozing off
or reading other books,
The
news
has
raised
wide
debate
on
Chinese
social
media,
with
many
questioning
if
the
cameras will violate
students' privacy. A Sina Weibo user said:
not clear whether the systems are
developed by the school itself or by third
parties. If it is the
latter, is there
any regulation of security? Where will the
information be sent and stored?
Gan Xiangsi, a senior student from
the university, said she welcomed the systems
being applied
in dormitories and
libraries as this can help prevent personal
belongings being stolen
，
but
it is
not
necessary
to
use
such
technology
in
the
classroom.
the
teacher
teaches
well
，
the
students
will
be
interested,
she
said.
the
contrary,
this
kind
of
monitoring
will
make
everyone feel
resistant.
China
Pharmaceutical University is not the first
university to use facial recognition technology
on campus. Many universities across the
country have installed cameras at campus entrances
to
ensure
safety.
But
many
are
also
hesitant
when
it
comes
to
applying
such
technology
in
classrooms.
National Institute of Education
Sciences, told China National Radio. According to
Chu, teachers
and
students
who
are
under
observation
might
not
behave
as
they
normally
would
since
they
know
they
are
being
watched.
should
not
be
installed
in
classrooms
merely
for
effective
teaching
purposes,
Chu
said,
as
teachers
are
also
being
observed.
He
agreed
that
is an important principle.
state of
listening
，
and teachers may
also not perform as well. Then real teaching will
not occur,
he added.
< br>（
1
）
Which of
the following is NOT the function of facial
recognition systems?
help check student
attendance.
help monitor
student behavior.
help
ensure student safety.
help
protect student privacy
（
2
）
What does the
underlined word
n
e
（
3
）
What's
Chu Zhaohui's attitude towards installing cameras
in classrooms?
ble
erent
rable
l
（
4
）
What's the writer's purpose
of writing this passage?
introduce the function of facial
recognition systems.
express his preference for facial recognition
systems.
express his strong
dislike for facial recognition systems.
introduce people's different attitudes
to facial recognition systems.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，介绍了江苏省南京市的一所大学在教室里安装了面
部识别系统来监控学生的行为，这在
网上引起了激烈的争论。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Xu
Jianzhen
，
director
of
the
university's
library
and
information
center,
told
that
the
systems
will
help
teachers
check
student
attendance
and
monitor
behavior
during
the
lectures.”
该校图
书馆信息中心主任徐建振告诉
，该系统将帮助教师检查学生出勤
情况，并监控学生在课堂上的行为）排除
A
和
< br>B
；根据倒数第二段中的
“Many
universities
across
the
country
have
installed
cameras
at
campus
entrances
to
ensure
safety.”
全国
许多大学都在校园入口处安装了摄像头，以确保安
全排除
C
。
D
选项
“
帮助保护学生的隐私
”
不是面部识别系统的功
能，故选
D
。
（
2
）考查
词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“or
asked
other
students
to
c
heck
the
attendance
for
th
em.”
或者让其他学生帮他们签到。可知上文意思是过去，一些学生只是签到，然后逃
课。
的意思是放弃，抛弃，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
should
not
be
installed
in
classrooms
merely for effective teaching
purposes,’ Chu said, as teachers are also being ob
served.“
不应该仅
仅为了有效的教学而在教室里安装摄
像头，
”
朱说，因为老师们也在被观察。）由此推断
出，朱朝晖对在教室里安装摄像头持不赞成的态度，故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“A
university in Nanjing, Jiangsu
province
，
has installed
facial recognition systems in
classrooms to monitor students' behavior, sparking
a heated debate
online.”
江苏省南
京市的一所大学在教室里安装了面部识别系统来监控学生的行为，这在网
上引起了激烈的
争论。可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍人们对人脸识别系统的不
同态度，故选<
/p>
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
For many parents,
raising a teenager is like fighting a long war,
but years go by without any
clear
winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring
countries, the parent-teen war is about
boundaries: Where is the line between
what I control and what you do?
Both sides want peace, but neither
feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In
part, this is
because neither is
willing to admit any responsibility for starting
it. From the parents' point
of
view, the only cause of their fight is
their adolescents' complete unreasonableness. And
of course,
the teens see it in exactly
the same way, except oppositely. Both feel
trapped.
In
this
article,
I'll
describe
three
no-win
situations
that
commonly
arise
between
teens
and
parents
and
then
suggest
some
ways
out
of
the
trap.
The
first
no-win
situation
is
quarrel
on
unimportant things. Examples include
the color of the teen's hair, the cleanness of the
bedroom,
the
preferred
style
of
clothing,
the
child's
failure
to
eat
a
good
breakfast
before
school,
or
his
tendency to sleep until
noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of
a blaming battle is
to make the other
admit that his bad attitude is the reason why
everything goes wrong. Third,
needing
to
be
right.
It
doesn't
matter
what
the
topic
is
—
politics,
the
laws
of
physics,
or
the
proper way to break an
egg
—
the point of these
arguments is to prove that you are right and the
other
person
is
wrong,
for
both
wish
to
be
considered
an
authority
—
someone
who
actually
knows
something
—
and
therefore
to
command
respect.
Unfortunately,
as
long
as
parents
and
teens
continue
to
assume
that
they
know
more
than
the
other,
they'll
continue
to
fight
these
battles forever and never make any real
progress.
（
1
）
Why
does the author compare the parent teen war to a
border conflict?
A. Both can continue for generations.
B. Both are about where to draw the
line.
C. Neither has any
clear winner.
D. Neither can be put to an
end.
（
2
）
What does the underlined part in
Paragraph 2 mean?
teens blame their parents for starting
the conflict.
teens agree
with their parents on the cause of the
conflict.
teens accuse
their parents of misleading them.
teens tend to have a full
understanding of their parents.
（
3
）
Parents
and teens want to be right because they want
to__________.
orders to the other
more
than the other
respect from
the other
the other to
behave properly
（
4
）
What will the author most
probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
for the parent-teen
conflicts
es of the parent-
teen war
ons to the parent-
teen problems
of the
parent-teen relationship
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，对于父母来说，抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像是打一
场持久战，但是是一场没有赢家的持
久战。
（
1
）
考
查
细<
/p>
节
理
解
。
根
据
第
一
段
中
的
“Like
a
border
conflict
between
neighboring
countries ,the parent-teen war is about
boundaries: Where is the line between what I
control and
what
you
do?”
可知和邻国之间的边界纷争一样，两代人之间的战争是关于界限的：我
所能
控制的和你所做的之间的界限。选
B
。
（
2
）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的
“From the
parents' point of view, the only cause of their
fight is their adolesc
ents'
complete unreasonableness.”
可知，从父母的观点来看，
他们之间斗
争的唯一原因就是他们的青春期的孩子的完全不讲道理。划线句子意为
:
青少年也正好是同
样的方式看待的，只是正
好相反的，也就是在孩子们看来，斗争的原因完全是他们的父母
蛮不讲理。选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Third
,
needing
to
be
right
,It
doesn't
matter
what
the
topic is
–
politics. The laws
of physics ,or the proper way to break an egg
–
the point of these
arguments
is
to
prove
that
you
are
right
and
the
other
person
is
wrong
,
for
both
wish
to
be
considered
an
authority
—
someone
who
actually
knows
something
—
and
therefore
to
command
respect”
可
知，他们争论的话题是什么不重要，重要的是他们要证明自己是对
的，而对方是不对的，
从而赢得尊重。选
C
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据由最后一段中的
“In this article, I'll
describe three no
-win situations
that commonly arise between teens and
parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap
.”
可
知，在这篇文章中，作者将描述三种通常会引起青少年和
父母之间斗争的情形，然后提出
几种解决的方法。最后一段介绍了三种情形，所以接下来
讨论的该是解决的方法了。选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题
型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系
，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
I
visited
Elba
last
June,
joining
Mary
and
John
on
a
bicycling
vacation.
They
made
the
arrangements for the car, hotel and
bicycles. I studied the history of the island,
which of course
particularly features
Napoleon.
Napoleon (now
I know) picked Elba as a place for peace when he
was forced to give up the
throne
(
王权
) as Emperor of France in
1814. Far from being a prison island, Elba is
beautiful with
towering mountains,
thick forests and sweeping bays and
beaches.
It is also an
island filled with treasure. Very early on this
island, locals discovered rich deposits
of
iron.
Soon
outsiders,
too,
discovered
the
iron
and
150
other valuable
minerals on
this
little
piece
of land. Long before Etruscans and other Greeks
set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by the
tenth century B. C. and were mining the
island. The Romans ruled next, obtaining the
minerals
and building grand houses
overlooking the sea. From the twelfth century
until the nineteenth,
the island was
traded back and forth and was passed to France in
1802. Then came Napoleon, the
new ruler
of Elba.
I was eager to
visit his house in Portoferraio. The Emperor lived
with his court and his mother,
but his
wife, Marie Louise had ensconced herself in the
splendid Viennese palace of her father,
Emperor of Austria. She lived safely
there and showed little interest in visiting her
husband in his
mini-kingdom.
Apparently,
Napoleon
wasn't
troubled
much
by
this.
He
was
too
busy
riding
everywhere on horseback, building
roads, modernizing agriculture and, above all,
sharpening his
tiny army and navy into
readiness for his escape.
In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed
to me that I could imagine the exiled
(
流放
的
) conqueror's
anxious thoughts. He might gaze over where I stood
now, toward the lighthouse
of the
Stella fort, the sandy bay, and across it, the
green mountains of the Tuscan coast. Napoleon
spent only ten months here before
making his victorious return to France and the
throne.
（
1
）
What did the author do for the
visit to Elba?
A. He did research on its past.
B. He arranged
transportation.
C. He
planned bicycling routes.
D. He booked accommodation.
（
2
）
Who
might be the earliest outsiders to Elba according
to the text?
A.
Napoleon and his army.
B.
Etruscans and other Greeks.
C.
Dorians.
D. Romans.
<
/p>
（
3
）
What
does the underlined word
d.
.
.
lled.
（
4
）
What came to the author's
mind during his visit to Napoleon's gardens?
ful views on
Elba.
le living conditions
on Elba.
on's ambition to
regain power.
ip of
Napoleon's return to France.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者讲述了对拿破仑曾经流放地
Elba
岛的参观之
旅，作者介绍了
Elba
岛的历史背景与拿破仑
在岛上的生活事迹。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“I
studied
the
history
of
the
island,
which
of
course
particularly
f
eatures
Napoleon
.”
可知作者为了
Elba
的此次拜访
对它过去的历史做了一些学习
和研究，故选
A
< br>。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Long
before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it,
Dorians had moved in by the tenth
century B. C. and were mining the island.”
< br>可知早在伊特鲁里
亚人和其他希腊人踏足该岛之前，多里安人在公元前
10
世纪就已迁入该岛，并在岛上采
矿。故
Dorians
可能是最早到
Elba
的外来者，故选
C
。
（
3
）考查
词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“She
lived
safely
there
and
showed
little
interest
in
visiting her husband in his mini-
kingdom.”
可知
Marie Louise
住在
Viennese
很安全，对去她
丈
夫的小王国探视毫无兴趣。
live
对应上文的
ensconce
，意思为
“
定居；安置
”
，故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
< br>“In the formal gard
ens behind the
house it seemed to
me that I could
imagine the exiled (
流放的
)
conqueror's anxious thoughts.”
可知在房子后面的花
园里，作者仿佛能想象出那个被流放的征服者的焦虑的思想。即作者在参观拿破仑的花园
时想到了拿破仑对重新掌权的野心。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节
理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节
信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，而选出
正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Being forgiving to
yourself and others can protect against stress and
the harm it does to mental
health,
according to a new study in the Journal of Health
Psychology.
Researchers
looked at the effects of lifetime stress on a
person's mental health, and how more
forgiving people got along compared
with people who weren't so forgiving. To do this,
they asked
148
young
adults
to
fill
out
questionnaires
that
assessed
their
levels
of
lifetime
stress,
their
tendency to forgive
and their mental and physical health.
No surprise, people with greater
exposure to stress had worse mental and physical
health. But
the
researchers
also
discovered
that
if
people
were
highly
forgiving
of
both
themselves
and
others,
that
characteristic
alone
almost
removed
the
connection
between
stress
and
mental
illness.
—
it's
zero,
tendencies, you feel the immediate
effects of stress in a severe way. You don't have
anything to
cushion you against that
stress.
How
a
forgiving
personality
protects
a
person
from
the
influence
of
severe
stress
is
hard
to
determine. The researchers infer that
people who are more forgiving may adopt better
skills to
deal with stress, or their
reaction to major
stressors(
压力源
)may be slow.
Though
more
research
is
needed
to
fully
understand
the
benefits
of
being
more
forgiving,
Toussaint
believes
％
that
saying a short prayer on forgiveness can help
people take the edge off.
want to feel
good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to
do that,
（
1
）
The
researchers got the effect of forgiving by_____.
A. analyzing questionnaires
B. doing scientific
experiment
C. writing
research papers
D. communicating with 148
adults
（
2
< br>）
What can we infer from the passage?
A. Forgiving tendencies can
deal with all mental problems.
B. It remains unknown why forgiveness
helps to reduce stress.
C.
Toussaint's study has fully discovered the
benefits of being forgiving.
D. Saying a short prayer on forgiveness
is the key to getting rid of stress.
（
3
）
What
does the underlined phrase
A. Look ahead.
B.
Become relaxed.
C. Make up their
mind.
D. Stick to their
goals.
（
4
< br>）
What may be the best title for the
passage?
A. A
new study on physical health
B. Forgiving yourself makes you feel
good
C. Forgiveness is good
for mental health
D. Getting
rid of stress is good for your health
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】研究发现拥有一颗
宽容的心，能减少焦虑和压力，让人心理健康。
（
1
）细节理解题。根据文章第二段的
To
do
this,
they
asked
148
young
adults
to
fill
out
questionnaires that assessed their
levels of lifetime stress
，可知，为了弄明白真相，研究
人员
让
148
个人填写了问卷调查，即
他们是通过研究问卷调查来得出宽容的影响，故选
A
项。
（
2
）推理判断题。根据文章第五段的
How a forgiving
personality protects a person from the
influence of severe stress is hard to
determine.
可知目前很难确定宽容是如何防止人们不受严
< br>重压力的伤害，故推断宽容可以减少压力的原因是未知的，故选
B
项。
（
< br>3
）词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文的
I
think
most
people
want
to
feel
good
and
forgiveness offers you the opportunity
to do that
可知宽容能让人感觉良好，故推测画线部分
所在句子意思是：说一个和宽容相关的祷言能让人感觉良好。故划线部分的意思和
感觉良
好
接近，故
选
B
项。
（
4
）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第
一段为主题段，根据文章第一段的
Being
forgiving
to
yourself and others can protect against
stress and the harm it does to mental health,
可知本文主
要讲述宽容对精神健康有好处，故选
C
项。
【点
评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，
细节
理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词
义猜
测题，要联系上下文，猜测划线词在题中的含义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大
意之
后找出中心思想。
7
．
阅读理解
In 1953, a mountain
climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar
over the peak of Mount
Everest
(
珠穆朗玛
).
It was
thought
impossible.
Now researchers
who raised
19
of
the
geese
—
named for
the black stripes on the backs of their
heads
—
have shown the birds
really fly so high.
The
team
trained
the
youngsters
to
fly
in
a
large
wind
tunnel
wearing
backpacks
and
face
masks
full
of
sensors
that
recorded
their
heart
rate.
blood
oxygen
levels,
temperature,
and
metabolic
rate
—
how many calories they
burned per hour. The researchers
simulated(
模拟
)10w-,
medium-, and high-altitude conditions
by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied
to face
masks worn by each goose as it
flew in the tunnel.
Birds already have a better heart and lungs than
mammals for sustained physical activity. And
researchers knew that bar-headed geese
have even larger, thinner lungs that let them
breathe
more deeply and an even bigger
heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other
birds.
The wind tunnel
experiments showed that when the concentration of
oxygen was at its lowest-
like the 7%
found on top of Mount Everest versus 21% at sea
level
—
the geese's heart rate
and
frequency of wing beats remained
the same even as their metabolic rate dropped.
Somehow, the
birds managed to cool down
their blood-the measured blood temperature dropped
so it could
take in more oxygen, the
researchers report today in
eLife
. This cooling likely
helps compensate
for the very thin air,
the team says.
Although
well trained, the birds were only willing to stay
in the air a few minutes-or less when
wearing
their
backpacks
and
flying
at
6ihigh
altitudes.
So
it's
not
clear
whether
these
adaptations
alone
are
what
make
it
possible
to
fly
the
8
hours
it
takes
to
climb
over
Mount
Everest. But those few minutes showed
these geese really could fly over the top of Mount
Everest.
（
1
）
Why
did the researchers raise 19 bar-headed geese and
train them?
A.
To test the flying height and speed of
them.
B. To confirm they
could fly over Mount Everest.
C. To observe them flying through the
wind tunnel.
D. To see how
many calories they burned per hour.
（
2
）
What
can we learn from the wind tunnel experiment?
A. It was carried out at
very high altitude.
B. The
geese managed to breathe less when their blood
decreased.
C. The geese
could live through the lowest concentration of
oxygen.
D. It shows the
geese could fly at high altitude for
long.
（
3
）
What still puzzles scientists about
the geese?
A.
Whether they have super hearts and
lungs.
B. Whether they have
muscles pumped more oxygen to.
C. Whether they are willing to wear
backpacks and face masks.
D.
Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb
over Mount Everest.
（
4
）
Where does the text
most probably come from?
A. A science fiction.
B. A climbing guide.
C. A travel brochure.
D. A science report.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的
顶峰，为了确认其真实性，研究人员
养了
18
只这种鹅，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果
发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚
不明确。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
1953,
a
mountain
climber
reported
seeing
a
bar-
headed goose soar over
the peak of Mount Everest. It was thought impossib
le.
报道说，一名登
山者看到一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。人
们认为这是不可能的；以及
raised 19 of the
geese-named for the black stripes on the backs of
their heads-have shown the
birds really
fly so high.
现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。
再根据
最后一段中的
the
8
hours
it
takes
to
climb
over
Mount
Everest.
But
those
few
minutes
showed
these
geese
really could fly over
the top of Mount Everest.
但是否能让这种鹅飞
8
小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚
不清楚。由此可推断出研
究人员饲养这种鹅是为了证实这种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
wind
tunnel
experiments
showed
that
when
the
concentration of oxygen
...the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing
beats remained the same
even as their
metabolic rate dropped....the researchers report
today in elife. This cooling likely
helps
comp
可知
风洞实验表明，当氧气浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频率保持不变，
即使它们的新
陈代谢率下降。研究人员今天在《伊利费》杂志上报道说，
...
这种降温可能
有助于补偿空气的稀薄；第五段中的
in the air a few minutes-or less ...
< br>尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两
处综合推断出，鹅可以在
最低浓度的氧气中生存。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
what make it
possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over
Mount Everest.
可知，目前尚不
清楚的是，只有
这些适应性变化能否可以飞行
8
小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。第一段中提到登山者报告
说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶
峰。为了证实是否可能，研究人员养了
18
只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果
发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚
不明确。由此可知本文属于科普文章。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，
是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进
行分逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8
．
阅读理解
When
Shakespeare
was
twenty-one,
he
went
to
London,
a
very
interesting
place,
to
try
his
fortune.
There was the famous London Bridge and St. Paul's
Cathedral, and palaces and markets and
long streets full of shops.
Then, too, there were the daily
crowds where could be seen people from all over
the world.
Knights, scholars and the
highwayman (
拦路强盗）
or thieves,
who had been infamous for their
clever
robberies, passed by each other.
Here,
also,
were
noblemen
dressed
in
gold,
from
Italy
and
Spain
and
France;
slaves
from
Spanish
America,
sea
captains
and
ministers,
soldiers
and
servants
—
all
held
by
chances
or
interests within the gray
walls which circled London, and whose gates gave
welcome to as strange
a crowd as could
be found in the world.
Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare, quick to
see and eager to learn. And before long all
these strange sights were as familiar
to him as the faces of his own town's residents.
Each one
told its story to him so
plainly that, as before he had learned the secrets
of the fields and woods,
so now he
learned men and men's interests that make up the
great world.
And he
learned these lessons so well that when he came to
write his plays, he made such use
of
them as no writer ever made before or since; for
it is the use of this knowledge of the world,
combined with his own genius, that
makes Shakespeare the greatest dramatist that has
ever lived.
（
1
）
What was London like in
Shakespeare's eyes when he first went there?
A. Dirty and small.
B. Strange and interesting.
C. Infamous and terrible.
D. Familiar and modern.
（
2
）
Which
of the following best describes Shakespeare?
A. Shakespeare got
inspiration to write from his hometown,
London.
B. Shakespeare was
eager to make friends with the noblemen in
London.
C. Shakespeare was
good at observing and learning from the daily
life.
D. Shakespeare became
the greatest dramatist owing to his own
genius.
（
3
）
What does the word
A. Crowd.
B. Resident.
C. Face.
D. Sight.
（
4
）
The
passage probably comes from______.
A. a poster
B. a textbook
C. an advertisement
D. an announcement
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇名人轶
事，介绍了文学大师莎士比亚年轻时去到伦敦第一天
时遇到
的
有趣的事情。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“a
very
interesting
place”
和第五段中的
“all
these
strange
sights”
可知，在
Shakespeare
的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市。故选
B
。
（
2<
/p>
）考查推理判断。根据第五段可知，
Shakespeare
来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习
了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生
活，由此可推断出，
Shakespeare
擅长观察日常生活
并从中
学习。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查代词指代。根据第五段中的
“as before he had
learned
the secrets of the fields and <
/p>
woods”
正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样，可知，
one
指的是
像田野和树林一样
的景象
。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到
伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出
现在一本教材中。故选
B
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅
读，考
生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答
案。
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