助动词和情态动词归纳

助动词情态动词归纳

他们到底是什么的家伙？

助动词和情 态动词本身不能做谓语动词，只能帮动词来构成谓语，起到相关的语法功能

助动词：

be, do, have

一

.

Be

动词用法

1.

Be

动词后接现在分词，构成进行时态

He is cleaning the classroom

2.

Be

动词后接过去分词，构成被动语态

These iphones are made in China

3.

Be

动词后接不定式，分下列几种情况

情况一：表示未来的计划或安排

The Girl's Generation is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

情况二：表目的

The dinner is to honour the guests

Your job is to take care of the baby

情况三：表可能

(

近似于

can,

may)

Such books are to be found in any library

情况四：表示命令

,

应该

....

（近似

should/o ught to)

You're to hand in your exercise this afternoon.

二．

Do

的用法

1.

构成疑问，否定，祈使句

Do you always play table tennis?

I don't think he will come

Do remember to your family

2.

表示强调

The letter we were expecting never did arrive.

三．

Have

的用法

构成完成时态或虚拟语气

I have seen the film.

If you had listened to the doctor, you would be much better now.

情态动词

情态动词

can/could

用法

表示能力

表示客观可能性

上的）

，用于肯定句

表示请求，允许

表示惊讶，怀疑

shall

例句

I could swim across the river when I was young

Anybody can make mistakes

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.

Can I go now? Could you lend me some money?

How can Bigbang come to Chongqing?

用于第一，

三人称疑问

Shall I write it down?

句中，

表征求对方意见

Shall he come in?

用于第二，

句，表示命令，警告

You shall never see Allen Su's concert unless you can

sing his song.

Lie to ME should be a good serial

We should strict with ourselves.

Human ought to stop polluting nature

Studying oughtn't to occupy all of your spare time

I will never do that again

should

ought to

will/would

表示建议，劝告或推

测，当“应该”讲

和

should

一样表示应

该，可能性还要更大

表示意志或愿望

表示请示，建议

may/might

表示预料或猜想

表示允许许可，

否定回

答时，用

mustn't

表示推测，

否定时没有

mightn't

说

法

< br>，

区

分

may not/ can not

用法

May

在祈使句表祝愿

must

have to

used to

had better

would rather

need

必须，

强调主观，

用于

非常肯定的推测

必须，不得不，客观

过去常常

...

现在没有

最好，

接动词原形，

否

定为

had better not

宁愿，

接动词原形

Would/will you please tell me the way to the CSC?

It will be about ten minutes' way to get CSC

May I watch TV after supper

？

Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't

It may be a trick.

He may not come today

It can't be our headteacher

May you success.

May you have a happy life

You must come to school on time

Justin Biber must be famous in European contries

I have to go now, and it's already 12:00

I used to be the fan of Hejie

He didn't use to go to work by bike

You'd better talk so loudly.

What had we better do next?

I would rather dance with Micheal

表示经常，

习惯性动作

Fish will die without water

情态动词，用于否定，

You needn't ask me the question

疑问句中，

需要，

必要

Need I finish the work before ten? Yes, you must.

实意动词，

need to do

I need to go to Beijing to attend an important meeting.

need

to

be

done=

need

The windows need to be cleaned/ cleaning

doing

We don't need to watch this film

dare

情态动词 ，

敢，

用于否

My sister daren't go out when when night falls

定， 有过去式

dared

，

I

dare say,

固定短语。

实意动词，

dare to do

Do you dare to drive a car on such a crowded road?

I don't dare to drive the car on it.

练习

1.

--______ I take the book out?

-- I'm afraid not

A. Will

B. May

C. Must

D. Need

2.

I have told you the truth. ______ I keep repeating it?

A. Must

C. May

3.

Just be patient. You______ expect the world to change so soon.

A. can't

B. needn't

C. may not

D. will not

4.

My newly- purchased magazine is nowhere to be found. ______ I have left it on the train?

A. Could

B. Should

C. Must

D. Would

5.

--May I take this book out of the reading room?

-- No, you ________. You read it in here.

A. mightn't

B. won't

C. needn't

't

情态动词

+ have done

用法

Have done