2016年浙江高考英语阅读理解C翻译和解析

2016

年浙江高考英语阅读理解

C

A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to

have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very

nature

of

the

physical

world,

and

the

baby

is,

well,

just

playing

?

right?

Perhaps,

but

some

developmental

psychologists

have

argued

that

this

“play”

is

more

like

a

scientific

investigation

than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over

the

table

edge,

it

falls

in

the

ground--- and,

in

the

process,

it

belongs

out

important

evidence

about how physical objects interact; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, but require support to

remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are

they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through

repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects

interact.

Though

their

ranges

and

tools

differ,

the

baby’s

investigation

and

the

scientist’s

experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world ), overall approach

(gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world

in

this

way---that

they

investigate

human

psychology

and

the

rules

of

language

using

similar

means.

For

example,

it

may

only

be

through

repeated

experiments,

evidence

gathering,

and

finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have

different

views

and

desires

from

what

he

or

she

has,

for

example,

unlike

the

child

,

Mommy

actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.

Viewing

childhood

development

as

a

scientific

investigation

throws

on

how

children

learn,

but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists

seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort ---the desire to

explore, explain, and understand our world---is simply something that comes from our babyhood.

Perhaps

evolution

provided

human

babies

with

curiosity

and

a

natural

drive

to

explain

their

worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The

same

cognitive

systems

that

make

young

children

feel

good

about

feel

good

about

figuring

something out may have been adopted by ad

ult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It is not

that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”

50. According to some developmental psychologists,

A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.

B. scientific research into babies; games is possible

C. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated

D. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment

learn from Paragraph 2 that

A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

B. scientists and babies often interact with each other

C. babies are born with the knowledge of object support

D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

52. Children may learn the rules of language by

A. exploring the physical world B. investigating human psychology

C. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents’ behaviors