-
數學名詞翻譯
1.
arithmetic
science of numbers
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
notation
writing numbers
numeration
reading numbers
Arabic
numeration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
addition
（加法）
：
75+23+16=114
75.23.16
（
addend
）
114
（
sum
）
+
（
plus
）
su
btraction
（減法）
：
15-
8=7
15
（
minuend
）
8
（
subtrahend
）
7
（
difference
）
-
（
）
multiplication<
/p>
（乘法）
multiplying
：
58
×
27=406+1160=1566
58.27
（
factor
）
406.1160
（
partial
product
）
1566
（
product
）×（
times
cross
）
8.
division
（除法）
dividing
：
352784
÷
437=807
…<
/p>
125
352784
（
dividend
）
437
（
divisor
）
< br>807
（
quotient
商）
125
（
remainder
餘）
check
（驗算）
estimate
（估商）
9.
rounding numbe
r
（
概數）
：
if determining digit is 5 or more round
up
，
if determining digit is
less
then
5
，
round down to
nearest digit
。
10.
commas
ones
tens
hundreds
（
units
）
on
e thousands
ten thousands
hundred thousands
（
thousands
）
one millions
ten
millions
hundred millions <
/p>
（
millions
）
< br>
one billions
ten
billions
hundred billions
（
billions
）
11.
linear
measures
：
kilometer
hectometer decameter meter decimeter centimeter
millimeter
公（里引丈尺寸分釐）
12.
measure of
capacity
：
kiloliter
hectoliter deciliter liter deciliter centiliter
milliliter
公（秉石斗升合勺撮）
13.
measure of
time
：
1000years=millennium
100years=century 20years=score 10yaers=decade
12months=1year
366days=1 leap year 365days=1year =about 52weeks
7days=1week
24hours=1day 60minutes=1hour 60seconds=1minutes
14.
measure of
weight
：
kilogram hectogram
decagram gram decigram centigram milligram
公（噸擔衡斤兩錢克）
15.
converting me
asure
（轉換單位）
：
multi
ply or divide by conversion rules and conversion
factors
16.
converting metric measure
（公制
單位）
：
mutiply or divide by
10
，
convert from larger to
smaller
each
step taken to the right
17.
divisibility
rules
：
a number
is divisible by 2
，
if it is
an even number
3
，
if sum of the
digits is divisible by 3
4
，
if last two
digits are divisible by 4
5
，
if it ends in 0
or 5
6
，
if it is
even and divisible by 3
9
，
if sum of the
digits is divisible by 9
18.
Pairs of factors
（因素分解）
：
factors means all the numbers
that will divide without a remainder
into a number
19.
greateat
common factor
（
gcf
最大公因數）
：
common factor is a
factor that is shared by two or
more
1
numbers
，
the
largest factor is gcf
20.
prime to each other
（互質）
：
numbers
share only the common factor of 1
21.
prime number
（質數）
：
no factor
except for 1 and itself
22.
composite number
（合數）
：
has other
factors beside 1 and itself
23.
1 considered
neither prime nor
composite
：
1
不是質數也不是合數
24.
prime
factor
（質因數）
：
2 is
a prime factor of 8
25.
fundamental theorem of arithmetic
（因數分析）
26.
division by
primes
（質因數分解）
：
all
the prime factor are found when the quotient is
prime
54=2x3x3x3
27.
factoring
tree
：
24
4
6
2
2
2
3
28.
least common
multiples
（
lcm
最小公倍
數）
：
use the letters l c m to
make finding the lcm
l
ist-list the prime factors
of numbers
c
ontest-have a contest to
find which number has the most of each prime
factor
m
ultiply-multiply the prime
factors from the contest
multiply all the different factors is
the smallest multiple that is shared by two or
more numbers
29.
exponents
（
指數）
：
4=2
?
2=2
2<
/p>
is read
two squared
and two is used as factor
twice
，
2
3
is read
two
cubed
2
4
is read
two to
the fourth power
，
exponents
are small numbers written a little to the right
and above a
number
（
called the base
底數）
30.
fractions
（分數）
：
a fraction is
one or more of the equal parts of a whole
31.
numerator
（分子）
：
the top
number
，
tells how many equal
parts are used
32.
denominator
（分母）
：
the bottom
number
，
tells how many equal
parts the whole is divided into
33.
mixed number<
/p>
（帶分數）
：
contains a
whole number and a fraction
34.
equivalent fr
action
（等值分數）
：
cros
s multiplication can check equivalent fraction
35.
reduce a
fraction to lowest
terms
（約成最簡分數）
36.
proper and
improper fractions
（
真分數和假分數）<
/p>
：
proper fraction less then
1
，
numerator is less
then
denominator
，
the numerator of
an improper fraction is equal to or greater than
the
denominator
37.
adding or
subtracting fractions
：
keep
the common denominator by finding the lcm of the
denominator and add or
subtracting
（
borrow 1 from
whole number
）
the numerator
38.
multiplying
fractions
：
multiply the
numerator together for the product numerator and
denominator together for the product
denominator
39.
c
ancellation
（
約分）
：<
/p>
simplify fractions before
multiplying
，
canceled
numerator and denominator
if they have
a common factor
40.
dividing by a
fraction
：
division is
opposite of
multiplication
，
to divide by
a fraction
，
invert the
divisor and
multiply
，
after
inversion
，
use
cancellation
，
in
3/4
÷
3/8 we need to know what
factor
multiplied by 3/8 equals 3/4.
41.
decimals
（小數）
：
a decimal is
another way to write a
fraction
，
0.38=38/100
2
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