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雅思环境环保话题词汇

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-12 14:23
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2021年2月12日发(作者:attention的用法)


环保



1.



提高燃油价格与环境问题的关系



词汇必备:



contaminative





污染的























a nation










s macro economy





国家宏观经济
















environmentalism


环境保护论,环境论











air quality improvement









改善空气质量




s



environmental


garbage










垃圾,废弃物

















arouse/raise people










gasoline









汽油


< /p>


consciousness


提高人们的环保意识



petrol













汽油























biodegradable materials













生物降解材料




pollution










污染;玷污





exhaust emission



排放尾气



poisonous








有毒的































car exhaust/emission




汽车尾气



environmental degradation/deterioration




carbon dioxide






二氧化碳



















环境恶化










combat air pollution



与空气污染作斗争



environmental issues





环境问题








conserve energy





保护能源



















environmental-friendly products












domestic pollution







国内污染



环保产品



Endangered eco-system



被破坏的生态系统







environmentalist organizations



环保组织


emission control






尾气排放控制



global warming






全球变暖



energy crisis








能源危机



















green consumers













环保消费者









energy efficiency








节能



greenhouse effect




温室效应



environmental concern




对环境的关注度















greenhouse gas







温室气体


















pose threat to the environment









威胁环境



impose taxes on gasoline


提高汽油税



sustainable development



可持续性发展



industrial pollution




工业污染


















release/discharge pollutants into the









natural gas







天然气



environment



向环境排放污染物





non-renewable resources





不可再生资源








toxic chemical substances












policy makers




决策者,制定政策者



有害的化学物质












pollutant/contaminant








污染物














hail/cheer high gas prices









欢迎燃油加价



pollute/contaminate






污染




动物实验






animal experiments


被绳之以法





be brought to justice


动物权益保护主义者






animal rights activists


医学研究






medical research


残忍的






cruel/merciless /inhuman/callous/brutal(adjs)


活体揭破






vivisection


麻醉







anaesthetic(BrE,n)


减轻动物的痛苦






alleviate/ease(vts) animals’ pain



宠物是主人的伙伴





pets are conpanions of their masters






































1








给主人心理安慰







afford their masters consolation and comfort(n)


偷猎





poach(vi,vt)/poaching(n)


某一种事物是没有替代物的





there are no replacements/s ubstitutes/alternatives(


单数去


s )



for


sth


认为动物和人类相同的感官的观点


(n)






anthropomorphism


濒危动物






endangered species



真题:


The best way to solve the world



s environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel. To what extent


do you agree or disagree?


开头段:



提供背景知识



环境问题已日渐成为全 球各政府和公民共同关注的焦点。


从北京到纽约,


从东京到伦敦 ,


解决这一老问


题的新办法在不断的以更快的速度(

< p>
with


an


ever


increasing


speed


) 被提出(


propose



、实验、实 行



implement


< p>
。今天,越来越多的人充分相信提高燃油价格将是解决这一问题的最好办法。就我个人观

< p>
点而言,这种方法离理想还差得远。




对比两种观点



大家公认为交通和环境问题正在不断激烈(


in


severity


)增长。很多人相信解决这一问题的最好政策就

< p>
是提高汽油价格。然而另一些人,坚持认为通过提高油价解决(


comba t


)这一问题是不明智的。在我看


来,两种观点似乎都合理(< /p>


reasonable



。在我的论文中 ,我将详细说明(


expound


)我的观点。






不同意:



一个最明显的原因是:大量 的企业(


enterprise


)和个体非常依赖汽油,他们会 很少或者根本不注意汽油


的价格,因为他们要创造财富,


尤其, 当企业给他们带来的收入和利润同油价一样也在增长的时候,



至有的时候长得比油价更快。另外,即使增加油价在一定程度上对于限制汽油使用上有效,


,事实上,


汽油的消费,


在造成现在环境问题方面,


顶多只有一半责任。


剩下的很大一部分因素是由于人口在增长,


以大量物种正在灭绝,地球上的空气和水日益被污染这一事实。




让步:



我 承认增加燃油价格在一定程度上能够解决问题。


这是因为,


油价 变高了,


用油的人可能变少了,


汽车


使 用数量也可能下降。然而,要解决交通问题,



不仅油价需要提 高,还要采取一些其他的措施,比如


说改善(


ameliora te


)公共交通可能要纳入考虑的范畴。


take into consideration






结尾段:



虽然提高油价对于保护环境有一定的帮助,但是,要完全解决环境问题必须采取一些其他的有效措施。

< p>



二.我们如何看待“垃圾社会”问题




2


真题:



Many people believe that we have developed into a



throw-away society



because we are filling up the


environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot properly dispose of. To what extent do you


agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?


开头段:



套句法:




在今天的社会,


存在这一种广泛传播的趋势:


一大批国家正走向 一个所谓的垃圾社会,


也就是被各种各


样我们无法有效处理的垃 圾覆盖。



这种趋势不仅在发达的工业国家可以找到,在发展中 国家,甚至更


穷的国家也有。




现象法:





认为我们已经真正变成了一个被各种各样的没有恰当处理的垃圾填充的“垃圾社会”





原因:



有很多原因导致这一状况。



最显著的 是人们缺乏保护环境的意识(


consciousness


)< /p>


,他们在使用各种产


品如塑料袋前、


在导 致无数垃圾之前从来没有三思而后行。


另外一个原因是人口增长导致人们对物质需


求的加大,这必定会导致垃圾增多。




措施:



另外,在环保问题上有些好消 息。例如,官方(


authorities


)已经开始朝可持续 发展环境的方向努力。


有些法律正在被介绍给政府,来惩治那些破坏自然环境的个人和集 体。显然要处理这一问题并不简单,


因为垃圾不可能自动、直接消失(

< br>vanish




< p>
尤其是我们有意(


intentionally


) 无意地(


accidentally


)在


增加垃圾。



不过历史证明人类展示了一种战胜任何困难和挑 战的能力,


比如说瘟疫



plague




饥饿等。






正< /p>









< p>


innovate



















< br>能






non- biodegraded



塑料。


< /p>


另外,


一些新的机器也已经发明,


可以很 大程度上改变这一现状



on a large


scale







结尾段:



由于人们对消费品需求的增长和对环境问题的慢反应,


垃圾处理 的问题显然是存在的。


要解决这个问题,


需要政府采取行动,同 时科技也要取得进步。




阅读材料:


Water resources around the world are falling dificient. Analyse the possible reasons and provide


your suggestions.



Access to water is vital to every living creature on the planet. Despite the fact that approximately two thirds of


the earth surface is covered with all forms of water bodies, countries worldwide are faced with different levels


of water shortages. Some reasons can be cited to explain the emergence of this problem.



A trigger for a water crisis is people



s lack of knowledge of the value of water. Given the ready availability of


water


in


many


countries,


people


tend


to


believe


that


the


reserve


of


water


in


the


world


is


infinite.


Notwithstanding the increased expenditure on water supply, water is perceived as a cheap commodity by many


families.


Many


people


see


water


as


a


perpetual


resource.


For


this


reason,


the


uncontrolled


use


of


water


is


commonplace, accelerating the exhaustion of this valuable resource.




3


Rapid population growth is another force contributing to the water crisis. Not only does it reduce the amount


of


water


available


for


manufacture,


farming


and


households,


but


also


has


a


profound


effect


on


the


sustainability


of


water-related


ecosystems.


Many


water


resources


are


not


refilled


before


being


re-used


and


depleted.



Human- induced


pollution


is


worthy


of


concern


as


well,


a


factor


regarded


by


many


as


the


root


cause


of


the


rapid


loss


of


drinkable


water.


The


untreated


discharge


of


various


pollutants


such


as


heavy


metals,


oils


and


solids


in


water


bodies


is


believed


to


have


severe


impacts.


Industrialization,


meanwhile,


results


in


abnormal


climate and biological destruction. While some areas have become dry, other areas are hit by floods.




As noted above, the steady loss of water attributes to inappropriate usage, population growth and pollution. In


order


to


tackle


with


the


above- mentioned


problems,


one


can


adapt


various


approaches,


besides


the


existing


strategies,


such


as


restoration


of


ecosystems.


New


technologies


can


help


ease


water


shortages,


by


tackling


pollution


and


making


used


water


recyclable.


In


agriculture,


water


use


can


be


made


far


more


efficient


by


introducing new farming techniques. Drought-resistant plants can help cut the amount of water needed.



作业:


Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and will use


up the world



s resources. Do you agree or disagree?






Traffic




常见题目



1.



Nowadays,


traffic


jam


becomes


a


major


problem


in


many


countries


all


over


the


world.



What


are


the


causes and how can it be solved?



2.



In


many


countries,


traffic


is


increasing


at


an


alarming


rate.


What


problems


it


may


cause?


Give


your


advices about how to solve the problem.



3. Air travel has become a cheaper form of transport. Some people think it is a positive development but others


think it is not. Discuss.



4. Many people using their cars for everyday use causes a lot of problems. What are the problems and how can


we solve them? Should people be discouraged to use cars?




4

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