2018高考英语真题与答案解析

2018

年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标

I

）

英语

第一部分

听力（略）

第二部分

阅读理解（共两节，满分

40

分）

第一节（共

15

小题，每小题

2

分，满分

30

分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

四个选项中，选 出最佳选项。

A

Washington.D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington.D.C

Duration: 3 hours

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with

beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees

and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and

the cherry blossoms - disappear!

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)

Join

a

guided

bike

tour

and

view

some

of

the

most

popular

monuments

in

Washington.D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide

shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and

bottled water.

Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration: 3 hour

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals

looking to experience Washington, a healthy way with minimum dgeable

guides

will

entertain

you

with

the

most

interesting

stories

about

Presidents,Congress,memories,and table bikes and a smooth tour route(

路线

)

make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hour (7 miles)

Join a small group hike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.

Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the

National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts

and

history.

Tour

includes

bike,

helmet,

and

bottled

water.

All

riders

are

equipped

with

reflective vests and safety lights.

21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?

【

A

】

A. Cherry Blossom Tour in Washington.D.C.

B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.

C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington.D.C.

D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.

22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?

【

D

】

A. Meet famous people.

B. Go to a national park.

C. Visit well-known museums.

D. Enjoy interesting stories.

23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?

【

D

】

A. City maps.

B. Cameras

C. Meals.

D. Safety lights.

B

Good

Morning

Britain

’

s

Susanna

Reid

is

used

to

grilling

guests

on

the

sofa

every

morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare

delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In

Save Money: Good Food

,she visits a different home each week and with the help of

chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food taste,while preparing recipes for

under

?

5 per family a the

Good Morning Britain

presenter says she

’

s been able to

put

a

lot

of

what

she

’

s

learnt

into

practice

in

her

own

home,preparing

meals

for

sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.

“

We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway

restaurant,

”

she explains.

“

I pay

?

5 for a portion(

一份

),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,

because

they

are

flour,

water,

sugar

and

oil.

Everybody

can

buy

takeaway

food,but

sometimes we

’

re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.

”

The eight-part series(

系列节目

),

Save Money:Good Food

,follows in the footsteps of ITV

’

s

Save Money:Good Health

,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range

of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a

different family each tonight

’

s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need

of some delicious inspiration on a team transforms the family

’

s long weekend of

celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.

do we know about Susanna Reid? (B)

enjoys embarrassing her guests.

has started a new programme.

dislikes working early in the morning.

has had a tight budget for her family.

does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna? (C)

buys cooking materials for her.

prepare food for her kids.

assists her in cooking matters.

invites guest families for her.

does the author intend to do in paragraph 4? (C)

ize the previous paragraphs.

e some advice for the readers.

some background information.

uce a new topic for discussion.

can be a suitable title for the text? (D)

g Fit by Eating Smart

ing Our Daily Diet

Yourself a Perfect Chef

g Well for Less

C

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there

has

been

less

coming

and

a

lot

more

the

world

was

still

populated

by

hunter- gatherers,small,tightly

knit(

联系

)

groups

developed

their

own

patterns

of

speech

independent of each language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the

world

had

just

five

to

ten

million

people,they

spoke

perhaps

12,000

languages

between

them.

Soon

afterwards,many

of

those

people

started

settling

down

to

become

farmers,and

their

languages

too

became

more

settled

and

fewer

in

recent

centuries,trade,industrialisation,the

development

of

the

nation-state

and

the

spread

of

universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the

past

few

decades,all

have

caused

many

languages

to

disappear,and

dominant

languages

such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is

hugely

uneven.

The

general

rule

is

that

mild

zones

have

relatively

few

languages,

often

spoken

by

many

people,

while

hot,

wet

zones

have

lots,

often

spoken

by

small

numbers.

Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and

the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The

median

number

(

中位数

)of

speakers

is

a

mere

6,000,which

means

that

half

the

world

’

s

languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (

消亡

), with

only

a

few

elderly

speakers

left.

Pick,

at

random,

Busuu

in

Cameroon

(eight

remaining

speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the Unitde States (two or three) or

Wadjigu in Auatralia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance

of survival.

can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

B

developed very fast.

were large in number.

had similar patterns.

were closely connected.

of the following best explains

“

dominant

”

underlined in paragraph 2?

C

x.

ed

ul.

.

many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

B

6,800.

3,400.

2,400.

1,200.

is the main idea of the text?

C

languages will be created.

’

s lifestyles are reflected in languages.

development results in fewer languages.

phy determines language evolution.

D

We may think we

’

re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of

something shony and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (

装置

)

well after they go out of style,That

’

s bad news for environment

–

and our wallets

–

as these

outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues

at

the

Rochester

Institute

of

Technology

in New

York

tracked

the

environmental

costs for

each product throughout its life

–

form when its minerals are mined to when we stop using

the method provided a readout for how home energy use evolved since the early

s

were

grouped

by

p

computers,

basic

mobile

phones,and

box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players,

smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up

in 2007.

As

we

accumulated

more

devices,however,we

didn

’

t

throw

out

our

old

ones.

“

The

Living-room

television

is

replaced

and

gets

planted

in

the

kid

’

s

room

,and

suddenly

one

day,you have a TV in every room of the house,

”

said one researcher. The average number of

electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in

’

re not just keeping

these old devices-we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbin

’

s team,old

desktop

monitors

and

box

TV

’

s

with

cathode

ray

tubes

are

the

worst

devices

with

their

energy

consumption

and

contribution

to

greenhouse

gas

em issions(

排

放

)

more

than

doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

So

what

’

s

the

solution(

解决方案

)?

The

team

’

s

data

only

went

up

to

2007,but

the

researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new

electronics that serve more than one function ,such as a tablet for word processing and TV