-
The new curriculum geography
The map teaching and the ability of
reading related research
Zhejiang SongYang one Que fire Ming
323400 TEL: 323400
[to] picked ordinary high
school new curriculum plan in the fall of 2006 in
zhejiang province into
the
comprehensive implementation stage, the
implementation of the high school geography new
curriculum concept is a gradual
process. Map of new geography curriculum teaching
for students
of geography subject
ability, geographic methods, the cultivation of
the geographical point of view
is
very
important.
New
geography
course
standard,
the
examination
standard
and
the
college
entrance
examination
examination
outline
in
are
clearly
the
ability
of
reading
requirements.
Through
questionnaire
survey,
the
student
individual
interview,
methods
of
communication
between
the
teacher
found
that
did
not
really
play
in
the
geography
teaching
map
teaching
effectiveness,
teaching
map
establishment
not
science,
teachers
use
graph
to
guide
teaching
strategy
worth
exploring,
the
imperfection
of
the
map
teaching
resources,
autonomous
learning
ability is
insufficient, students use map through the map
teaching to cultivate students' ability to
geography has huge potential. In the
actual teaching with new ideas for teaching
design, attention
to reflect the
teacher guided students' autonomous, inquiry and
cooperative learning, so that the
students
have
to
all-round
development
of
personality;
To
clear
the
status
of
geography
image
teaching on the map, try in the
teaching according to different geographical
image, the different
students and
different effective combination between teaching
content; To strengthen exchanges
and
cooperation,
teaching
in
the
teaching
achieve
resource
sharing,
promoting
successful
map
teaching
mode,
improve
teaching
effectiveness.
Specific
measures
are
in
the
teachers,
students,
curriculum
resources to improve the level of influence map
teaching effectiveness factors such as,
through
effective
map
teaching
to
ensure
the
concept
of
new
geography
curriculum
implementation and achieve the teaching
goal.
[key words] map of
the new curriculum teaching ability of reading
Ordinary high school new curriculum
plan has smooth implementation in the country.
However,
the implementation of the new
concept, from the theory to the education
practice, there are quite a
long
way
to
go.
For
geography
teaching,
how
to
implement
new
ideas
in
the
usual
teaching,
especially
in
the
map
teaching
in
the
best
legacy
of
traditional
teaching
methods
and
teaching
means
on
the
basis
of
innovation,
change
the
past
some
backward
teaching
ideas
and
teaching
ideas, to the new
curriculum concept map teaching, new teaching
material view, the new view of
teachers
and students to teaching orientation, to improve
the effectiveness of the geographical map
teaching, is an important task to
geography teachers.
A,
high
school
geography
new
curriculum
teaching
and
the
requirements
of
evaluation
on
the
ability of reading
1. The geography curriculum
requirements for students' ability of reading
In the ordinary high school
geography curriculum standard (experiment)
and skills, this dimension has such a
demand:
observations,
geographical
experiments,
the
geographical
investigation;
mastering
reading,
analysis, using the
geography diagram and geographic data skills
Teaching Suggestions in the
implementation suggestion may require attaches
great importance to
the
geography
teaching
the
use
of
information
resources
and
information
technology:
the
conditional
place,
should
actively
making
use
of
geographic
information
resources
in
network,
electronic maps,
and information technology to optimize geography
teaching. Where does not yet
have
the
condition
of
the
can
still
geographical
image,
atlas
in
the
textbook
as
the
main
media
methods to help students from a variety
of way to acquiring geographic information, and
learn to
apply
In
figure 2. The new teaching material of geography
teaching
Geography teaching
media can be divided into language symbol media
and non-language symbol
media.
Geography
teaching
is
one
of
the
most
commonly
used
language
teaching
media
geography
teaching
with
figure.
In
1981,
the
Nobel
Prize
in
physiology
or
medicine
for
r.
w.
sperry
and
his
colleagues
found
that
the
spatial
cognitive
ability
and
the
understanding
of
the
complexity of ability
right brain is better than that of the left
hemisphere, words can't clear space,
the
concept
of
map
huge
amount
of
information
in
the
form
of
image,
determines
its
in
the
development of right brain,
dig the irreplaceable role in students'
potential [2]. Here is the new
curriculum xiang version of ordinary
high school geography textbooks of each geographic
image
in the use of statistical (see
table 1) :
Table 1 xiang
version of ordinary high school geography
curriculum standard experiment textbook
compulsory module illustrations use TAB
Module geographical
distribution map image statistics chart diagram
form data required 40 42
Ⅰ
23 September 5 4 compulsory
Ⅱ
14 of 17 51 7 5
10 compulsory
Ⅲ
36 7 56 9 11 2 shows, the
use of geographic chart, in textbooks
in accounting for a large space, make up for the
lack of text
data
and
the
limitation
of
expression,
especially
in
the
traditional
sense
of
the
maps,
the
geographic
distribution,
with
its
space,
intuitive,
simple
easy
to
recognize
and
remember.
Rendering of this kind of map is the
distinctive features of geography textbooks, is
the main part
of the geographic board
figure, is an important means of directors like
distribution of the teaching.
3. The map teaching status and trend at
home and abroad
(1) the
geographical map teaching
The end of the 20th century, great
changes have taken place in geography education in
the United
States. In 1993, the United
States signed the 2000 target: American Education
law (Goals 2000:
Education America
Act), in the form of law to geographical
discipline specify required course for
primary and middle school students, put
forward the
to
use
geography
Promulgated
in
1994
Geography
of
the
Life:
National
Geography
Standards (Geography for Life: National
Geography Standards, 1994) is the history of
Geography
education
programmatic
document,
embodies
the
Geography
education
based
on
students'
development,
to
strengthen
training
students'
geographic
literacy
education
concept
[3].
national
curriculum
standard
regulation,
by
geographical
education,
make
students
understand
and know: how to use a map and
expressed in spatial point to capture, processing
and information.
(2) high
school geography teaching with figure in Hong Kong
Peng
Xiaofeng
[4]
by
o
'clock
2001
high
school
(part
ii)
with
the
Hong
Kong
of
publishing co., LTD., the 1997 edition
of the new geographic comparisons found, pay
attention to
both
teaching
material
by
combining,
learning
practice.
O
'clock
and
version
of
geography
textbook
are
equipped
with
a
certain
number
of
images,
the
image
vivid
and
intuitive
and
informative,
is
very
beneficial
to
developing
the
students'
observation,
thinking,
imagination,
creation and so on various aspects
ability. Look from the number, amount of image
text version of
teaching materials more
than a human version of teaching materials. Above
in expression form of
edition teaching
material of language is life, the image is very
rich, photo is a lot of more phyletic,
the quality is very high. The
expressions of diversification are more likely to
stimulate students
interest in
learning.
(3) teaching
Australia with figure
Tse-
fai [5], etc. Through the comparative study on the
overseas high school geography teaching
material,
found
that
Australian
geography
textbook
attaches
great
importance
to
cultivate
the
students' understanding and social
skills, namely the use of geographic information
(such as maps,
charts,
and
statistics,
etc.)
to
clarify
and
find
geographical
problems,
logical
thinking,
thereby
improve the ability of analysis,
comprehensive, reasoning, and judgment.
4. High school teaching
present situation map
According
to
statistical
data
and
survey
interviews
of
some
different
grade
students,
teachers,
found that there
are in the teaching of teaching with figure
seriously enough, a teacher is no good
to
guide
students
to
use
figure;
Secondly,
the
students
didn't
figure
habits
and
interests;
3
it
is
based
on
an
inert,
students
are
too
lazy
to
look
at
the
picture
and
turn
figure;
Four
is
the
insufficient understanding of the map
reading ability training. The lower grade, the
more obvious
the situation, which is
based on the ability of reading and foundation is
different, the geography
course because
of the different emphasis. On the other hand,
there are quite a number of students
interested
in
geography,
especially
for
atlas
and
textbooks
in
teaching
with
figure,
through
the
picture, greatly
enriched their knowledge of geography, cultivate
the ability of autonomic learning,
learned to explore and enrich the
emotions.
Second, the
effect map teaching effectiveness and the ability
of reading promotion factors
1. The middle school geography teaching
on the map using the confusion
In the current middle school education
in our country, map education major in geography
course.
Through investigation to
understand, at this stage the map teaching is the
actual status of the face
the teacher
in the teaching of geographic chart using the
value degree is not enough, in cultivating
students'
ability
to
read
graph
analysis
etc
consciousness
is
not
strong,
the
existing
inadequate
resources, teacher's drawing, such as
using multimedia teaching skills needs to be
strengthened,
the teaching method is
not flexible, the teacher's professional quality
and the modern concept of
education
have defects. Feel no interest in
maps
of
the students is relatively common,
students'
ability of reading difficult,
75.33% of the students lack of confidence in their
ability of reading.
School concept map
teaching resources, teachers and students use
figure is relatively weak, the
teachers
teaching
level
is
limited,
graph
method
is
obsolete,
the
teaching
and
life
less
contact,
students lack of practice and
application and so on directly affect the
geographical map reading
ability
enhancement. The existence of these phenomenon
that is not very good play in the high
school geography teaching geography
image function and value in geography teaching,
also hard
to reflect the teaching idea
of new curriculum.
2.
The
new
curriculum
teaching
in
high
school
geography
teaching
material
with
the
figure
of
many
defects and negative effects on the teaching
effect
By contrast, found
that the new teaching material compared with old
teaching material, teaching
theory and
figure on the choice of although there is a clear
change, such as geographic chart of
accounts for a big growth space in the
in the textbooks, made up for the lack of text
data and the
limitation of expression,
but there are still many deficiencies. As in the
picture color processing,
the choice of
teaching with the figure, the collocation with the
body, the layout design process to
be
perfect; Maps reflect the content from the daily
life of students, the lack of kindness and not
well reflect the social development of
our country, the lack of realism and times;
Teaching atlas
can not reflect the
latest information in time, map type single,
rigid, contact the textbooks, the life
is
not
close,
etc.,
to
a
great
extent,
restricts
the
effectiveness
of
classroom
teaching,
is
not
conducive
to the implementation of new curriculum concept.
Teaching materials in the map figure
with
administrative
areas,
the
natural
geographical
diagram
and
schematic
diagram
is
given
priority
to, lack of local map and practicability, cannot
be combined with life experience. Due to
these
reasons,
the
students
use
the
map
in
the
life
consciousness,
map
reading
ability
is
poor,
difficult to analyze the teaching map
synthesis, etc., influenced the map literacy
cultivation.
3. The
influence factors to the development of the
students' ability of reading
From
the
above
statistics
show
that
factors
affecting
the
development
of
students'
ability
of
reading can be divided
into the following categories:
(1) the cause of the students
themselves. Interest in geography, such as
individual would influence
the
investment subject of time and energy; The
individual on the degree of using the support with
the method of reading; Individual
memorization methods and level; Individual
learning methods
and attitudes, etc.,
the individual degree of mastering the basic
knowledge and skills; Individuals
have
learning resources, etc.
(2) the teachers' factors. Such as the
teachers' teaching methods and attitudes; The use
of teachers
of
various
map
teaching
resources,
teaching
organization
and
teaching
strategy;
Teacher
to
student's assessment and requirements,
etc.
(3) map teaching
resources and the quality of high and low. Such as
teaching with the figure is not
typical, scientific, or representative,
bad cooperation with writing material; Read and
use maps the
knowledge
and
skills
is
difficult
to
consolidate
and
so
on
factors,
directly
affect
the
teaching
effectiveness. Such as teaching
conditions and limits on the teachers' teaching
level; Old teaching
methods,
organization forms inappropriate; Some geography
teaching use figure less contact with
life; Students lack of practice and
application; Teaching with the figure is not
typical, scientific, or
representative,
bad
cooperation
with
writing
material;
Read
and
use
maps
the
knowledge
and
skills is difficult to consolidate and
so on factors, directly affect the teaching
effectiveness.
Three,
improve students' ability of reading map teaching
strategy
To improve the
validity of the map teaching to improve students'
geographical map reading ability,
can
be improved in the following dimensions:
1. The student level:
attaches great importance to the learning methods
and skills of flexible use
(1) learn to autonomous learning and
cooperative learning
Autonomous learning requires students
to actively, in a timely manner to learn, good at
organizing
knowledge. Require students
to good at using family, classmates, teachers,
media channels to help
yourself to
learn, such as happiness and progress in the study
together.
(2) the learning
resources to make full use of various maps
Map teaching resources on
the one hand, from the school, on the other hand,
from the community.
Such
as
topography,
climate,
rivers
in
the
community,
economic
development
and
other
natural
human resources can use, let it play
out the biggest effectiveness.
(3) good ability to explore and
discover problems included in figure
In the process of learning to learn
things or inquiry teaching in the picture is a
reflection of the
phenomenon of law,
principle, learn to discover problems, find out
the ways to solve problems,
the
existing knowledge and experience and teaching
combined with figure, realize map teaching
ability promotion effect.