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问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
英语基本句子的写法
第一步：如何写好基本句子
1.
六种基本句型
1
）主语
+
谓语
(+
状语
)
（主语
+
不及物动词（
+
副词、介词短语等）
）
I am speaking.
He walks very fast.
The
sun rises in the east.
Here comes the
bus. (
此句主谓倒装了
)
There goes the bugle.
(
此句主谓倒装了
)
比较：
He often
walks his dog after supper.
Liu Hu-lan
lived a great life and died a glorious death.
He often works his wife late into the
night.
2
）主语
+
谓语
+
宾语（主语
+<
/p>
及物动词
+
宾语（名词、代词、数词
等）
）
I study English.
She
loves him.
We got three.
She likes reading books after class.
I don't like to read that book right now.
What he had said at the meeting
surprised all of us.
3)
主语<
/p>
+
谓语
+
间接宾
语
+
直接宾语
29
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
He gave me a book yesterday.
He gave
a book to me yesterday.
She will buy
me a new bike.
She will buy a new
bike for me.
She did not tell where
she would go the following day.
4)
主语
+
谓语
+
宾语
+
宾语补足语
(
名词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语
动词短语等
)
We call him John.
They find the task difficult.
She
regards me as her brother.
She
noticed him go out a moment ago.
We
heard her singing an old Russian song just now.
What has made China what she is today?
What he said set us thinking about our
former decision.
5)
主语
+
系动词
+
表语（名词、
数词、形容词、副词、介词短语等）
She is a
student.
He is twenty.
We
are strong.
Here is your change.
(
此句主表倒装了
)
The
book is on the table.
To master a
foreign language is of great importance in China.
It is no use crying over the spilt
milk.
30
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
6
）
There be +
主语（
+
状语）
There is only one desk in the
classroom.
There are many students on
the playground.
2.
句子的四种类型
1
）简单句
John loves
Mary.
John loves Mary and gives her
money.
Both John and Cliff love Mary.
John
and
Cliff
love
Mary
and
her
sister
(and
give
them
money).
一个简单句可表示：
A
．
a statement
(
陈述
)
Mr. Brown
teaches this class.
B. a
question(
问题
)
Do
you understand me?
C. a command or a
request(
命令
)
Open
the door.
Please help me with my work.
D. an
exclamation(
感叹
)
How cold it is!
How fast he
is running!
What a nice day it is!
2)
并列复合句
31
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
John loves Mary, but she
doesn
’
t love him.
Finally John persuaded Mary to marry
him for he is a charming
persistent
young man.
The wind is blowing; the
light flashing; the thunder roaring;
the rain pouring down; the earth
rocking.
并列复合句常用连词有：
A
．
表示并列关系的连词有：
and
;
not
only
…
..but
also;
furthermore;
besides; likewise; moreover; again;
I like English and he likes French.
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it
is also warm.
The car was almost new;
furthermore it was in excellent
condition.
B
．
表示转折关系的词：
but;
yet;
still;
however;
nevertheless;
in
spite of despite;
notwithstanding; despite that
The coat
was thin but it was warm.
The car was
quite old; yet it was in excellent condition.
In spite of its age, the car was in
excellent condition.
The car was quite
old; despite that it was in excellent
condition.
C.
表示选择关系的连词：
or; neither;
neither
…
.nor
You must work harder, or you will lose the exam.
Either your answer or mine is wrong.
32
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
Your answer is not right, neither is mine.
Neither you nor I am to blame.
D.
表示因果关系的词：
so;
then; therefore; consequently;
accordingly
The rain began
to fall, so we went home.
We worked
until six; then we went home.
He
broke the rules of the school; therefore he had to
leave.
3
）主从复合句
We must do what we must do.
(
宾语从句
)
What
must be done must be done.
(
主语从句
)
This is
what we must do.(
表语从句
)
What is done cannot be
undone.(
主语从句
)
We can eat what we cannot.
(
宾语从句
)
Although
John loves Mary, she does not love him.
(
状语从句
)
The man
whom you met yesterday is a friend of
mine.(
定语从
句
)
No matter what happens Whatever
happens, my heart will go
on.(
状语从句
)
4
）并列主从复合句
When
heavy
rain
comes,
the
streams
rise,
and
farmers
know
that
there will be floods.
The
neighborhood
that
Henry
grew
up
in
was
fairly
prosperous,
33
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
but it was by no means wealthy.
3.
写句子时常见错误
1
）不定式、动名词、分词、形容词短语悬垂
incorrect
correct
To learn English well, much
practice To learn
…
.,
we
need much practice.
is
necessary.
Heated, we can make water
into steam. Heated, water can
be
made into steam.
After
reading
the
letter,
my
heart
was After
I found my
heart beating fast.
beating fast.
Afraid
to
eat
any
more
seafood,
the Afraid
he
asked the waiter to remove
it
…
waiter
removed it from his table.
2)
修饰语错位
The newsboy
walked his bicycle to The newsboy
burdened with newspapers walked to
the house of his first customer
burdened with newspaper.
The
U.S. only has a history of 200 The U.S.
has a
history of only 200-odd years.
reading
...,
to
eat...,
34
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
-odd years.
Alice could see
a lot of cars running Though her
window Alice could see
…
fast outside
through her window.
He
gave
the
rose
to
the
lovely
actress He
gave
the
rose
that
he
had
bought
for
his
wife
that
he
had
bought
for
his
wife.
to the
lovely actress.
3)
代词指代混乱
Before
Cathy gave the dog its food, Cathy
washed the
dog before she gave it its
food.
she washed it
Jack
was
bitten by a dog, but it
was
…
,
but the bite
was not
serious.
not serious.
In
Mary
’
s
letter
she
tried
to
persuade In
her
letter,
Mary
…
us to give up
the plan.
Mike told his father that his
car wouldn
’
t Mike
said
to his father,
“
Your car
won
’
t
start.
”
start.
4).
混乱转换
Every student is required to bring
their books Every
35
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
students is
…
his
books
…
to the
classroom.
She left the classroom when
the test is over. She
left
…
when the
test was over.
First, build a fire and
then you should make the
…
, and
then make
the coffee.
coffee.
5).
不完整句
He had a
need and an interest in learning a He
had
a need for and an interest
in
…
second
foreign language.
Suzhou in nearer to
Shanghai than Nanjing. Suzhou is
nearer to Shanghai than Nanjing is.
4.
写简洁的句子
句子不简洁，应将划线部分删去
In
my opinion, I think your plan is feasible.
My brother accompanied me to go to the
airport.
Learning
a
foreign
language
is
important
to
us
who
are
students.
We find the
situation that exists at the moment is urgent.
In the course of an hour we arrived at
our destination.
As far as I am
concerned, this plan is perfect.
It
goes without saying that they certainly deserve
the prize.
36
问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来！
5.
变换句式
He picked up the ball quickly.
Quickly he
picked up the
…
He
was
young
and
short
and
could
not
join He
was
too
young
and to short to join the army.
the army.
Thomas was tired
of studying, so he took Tired of
studying, Thomas
…
a rest.
Tolstoy,
completing
Anna
Karenina,
won
Completing
Karenina, Tolstoy
won
…
the
national recognition in Russia.
6.
破句
He
decided
to
learn
Japanese. He
learn
…
because it
is
…
Because it is
a useful language.
The group travelled
for a week. The group
travelled
…
and
finally arrived on
…
Finally arriving on Saturday.
One
of
the
century
’
s
great
a
miracle
…
Medical
invention is penicillin. A miracle
Anna
decided
to
…
penicillin,
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