-
非
限
制
性
定
语
从
句
< br>
非限制性定语从句也是定语从句的一种,在高中语法知识中它也是非常重要的一
项的,老师们
对于非限定性定语从句的讲解也是非常重视的。因为在考试中经常会出现该
从句的讲解,下面
大家就跟随小编一起来了解该从句的讲解。
说到非限定性定语从句的讲解,还
要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就是该从句的
作用是什么。其实它在句子中是一
个独立的成分,不会受到主句的限制,把从句去掉之后,主
句仍然是成立的。
这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性定语从句。
其次,
大家要了解该从句的形式:
非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密,因
而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。
例如:
Have you seen
the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world
famous?
你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗
?
它的男主演可是世
界闻名的。
My friend, who has served on the
International Olympic Committee all his life, is
retiring next month.
我有位朋友,他一辈子服务于国际
奥林匹克委员会,下个月就要退休了。
在非限制性定语从句也分成不同的种类,
在不同情况下,
该从句的使用方法也是不一样的,
在考试中
经常会考察大家对于该从句不同类型的运用。如果大家不能很好的掌握这些用法,在
考试
的时候就一定会丢分了,下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍:
(1)
who
引导的非限制性定语从句
Our
guide
,
who was a French
Canadian
,
was an excellent co
ok.
我们的向导,一个法
裔加拿大人,擅长于烹调。
My
gardener
,
who
is
very
pessimistic
,
says
that
there
will
be
no
apples
this
year.
我家的园丁非常
悲观,他说今年将不结苹果。
(2)
whom
引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词
whom
< br>用于指人,
在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语,
作介词宾语时
,
介词可位于句末。
如:
Peter, whom you
met in London, is now back in Paris.
彼得现
在回巴黎了,你在伦敦
见过他。
Mr
Smith
,
from whom I have
learned a lot
,
is a famous sc
ientist.
史密斯先生是一
位着名的科学家,我从他那儿
学了许多东西。
(3)
whose
引导的非限制性定语从句
whose
是关系代词
who
的所有格形式,
在从句中作定语。
whose
通常指人,
也可指动物或无
生命的事物。如:
The boy, whose father is an engineer,
studies very hard.
那位小男孩学习很努力,
他的父亲是位工程师。
Above
the
trees
are
the
mountains
whose
magnificence
the
river
faithfully
reflects
on
the
surface. <
/p>
在树林的高处是山,
其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
The
play
,
whose
style
is rigidly
formal
,
is typical of the per
iod.
这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻
板。
(4)
which
引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词
which
在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短
语、其
他从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
①
wh
ich
指代主句中的名词,被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意<
/p>
义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。如:
These apple
trees
,
which I planted three
years ago
,
have not borne any
fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。
She is an
artist
,
which I am
not.
她是一位艺术家,而我不是。
Water
,
which is a
clear liquid
,
has many
uses.
水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。
The two
policemen were completely
trusted
,
which in fact they w
ere.
那两个警察完
全受到信任,事实上,也真是如此。
p>
②
which
指代主句中的形容词。如:
She was very
patient towards the
children
,
which her husband
seldom was.
她对孩
子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样
。
She is always
careless
,
which we should not
be.
她总是马虎大意,我们可不应该这
样。
③
which
指代主句中的某个从句。如:
He said that he
had never seen her
before
,
which was not true.
p>
他说以前从没见过
她,这不是真的。
④
which
指代整个主句。如:
In the presence of so many
people he was little tense, which was understandab
le.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张,这是可以理解的。
He may have
acute appendicitis
,
in which
case he will have to be operated
on.
他可能得了急性盲肠炎,如果是这样,他就得动手术。
When
deeply
absorbed
in
work
,
which
he
often
was
,
he
would
forget
all
about
eating
and
sleeping.
他经常聚精会神地工作,这时他会废寝忘食。
(5)
when
引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词
when
< br>在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中表示时间的词语。如:
He will put off
the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.
他将把郊游推迟到
5
月
1
号,那时他将有空。
(6)
where
引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词
where
在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语。如:
They went to
London
,
where they lived for
six months.
他们去了伦敦,在那儿呆了六
个月的时
间。
They reached there yesterday, where a
negotiation of sale will be
held.
他们昨天
抵达那里
,
有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。
(7)
as
引导的非限制性定语从句
as
引出非限定性定语从句时,
p>
代替整个主句,
对其进行说明但通常用于像
as
we
allaknow,
as
it
is
know,
as
is
know
to
all,
as
it
is,
as
is
said
above,
as
always
mentioned
above,
as is usual, as is often the case, as
is reported in the newspaper
等句式中。
as
在非
限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,且
引出的从句位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,也
可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与
主句隔开。
as
有“正如……,
就像……”之意。
如:
As it known to the United States, Mark
Twain is a great American writer.
美国人
都知道,马克
?
吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。
(as
在从句中作主语
)
He forgot
to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.
他忘了带笔,这是常
事。
(as
在从句中作主语
)
He is absorbed in work, as
he often was.
他正在全神贯注地工作,他过去经常这样。
(as
在从句中作表语
)
Boy as he
was
,
he was chosen king.
他虽是孩子,却被选为国王。
(as
在从句中
作表
语
)
as we all know, the earth
is round.
众所周知,地球是圆的。
(as
在从句中作宾语
)
The two
brothers were satisfied with this
decision
,
as was agreed befor
ehand.
两兄弟对此决定都满意,这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。
(as
在从句中作主语
)
Taiwan
is
,
as you
know
,
an inseparable part of
China.
你知道,台湾是中国不可分割
的一部分。
(as
在从句中作宾语
)
(8)“介词
+
关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。关系
代词
whic
h
有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词,而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于
p>
它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。
They
were
short
of
sticks
to
make
frames
for
the
climbing
vines
,
without
which
the
yield
would be halved.
他们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿,没有它们产量会减少一半。
They thanked
Tom
,
without whose support
they would not have succeeded.
这些邻居
是北京来的,昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。
(9)“名词
/
代词+of+which / whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
It now has
20
,
000 hectares of
land
,
more than two-thirds of
which are under
cultivation.
现在它拥有两万公顷土地,其中三分之二之多已经耕种。
Light is the
fast thing in the world, the speed of which is
kilometeThere are 30
chairs in the
small hall, most of which are
new.
大厅里有三十把椅子,绝大部分是新的。
he
textile
mill
has
over
8
,
000
workers
and
staff
,
eighty
per
cent
of
whom
are
women. <
/p>
这家纺织厂有
8
千多职工,女职工占百分
之八十。
通过对该从句的讲解,大家可以看出,它的种类真的是非常多,不同的词语引导的从句用
法都是不同的,
大家要学会区分不同用法所表示的含义。
虽然
该从句在选择题中考察的非常多,
但是大家在阅读题中也会看见这样的从句,所以说,大
家学习语法知识并不只是为了语法的题
目,它对于大家整个英语水平的提升都是非常有帮
助的。除此之外大家还要注意一些非限制性
定语从句引导词的特殊情况:
1.
< br>非限制性定语从句不可用
that
引导,
在非限制性定语从句中用
who(
< br>作主语
)
/
whom(
p>
作
宾语
)
指人,用
which(
作主语
/
宾语
)
指物,
用
whose
作定语
< br>(
指人
/
物
)
。例如:
The famous
basketball star, who tried to make a comeback,
attracted a lot of
attention.
这位试图打反击的着名篮球明星吸引了众人的关注。
The film, whose
director is an old man, is very
instructive.
这部电影很有教育意义,
它的导演是位老人。
2.
关系代词在非限制性定语从句中
作宾语时不可省略,若指人时,只用
whom
,不用
who
。
例如:
York, which I
visited last year, is a nice old city.
我去年访问过的约克是个古老而美丽的城市。
Please give the
book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just
now.
请把这本书交给杰西卡,就是刚才我们在大厅里遇到的那位。
3.
非限
制性定语从句不可用
why
引导,
需用
for which
替代
why
。例如:
None of us accepted the
reason he explained, for which he was
absent.
我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。
以上的内容就是小编给大家总结的
非限制性定语从句的讲解,希望能够在大家学习语法的
过程中对大家有所帮助。任何一个
小的语法在英语考试中都是非常重要的,常见的语法考察的
内容
就是单选,
完形和改错这几个题目,所以对于语法考察的内容所占的比例也是不小的,<
/p>
所以大家一定要重
视。
非限制性定语从句的八类考点
■湖南
陈根花
考点一
考查非限制性定语从句的基本用法
非限制性定语从句的基本用法指的
是定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,
通常置于主句之后,
但
有时也置于主句中间或主句之前(仅限于
as
< br>引导的定语从句)
。如:
His best movie, which won
several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.
他的最佳影片,
就是荣获几项奖的那部,是关于甘地生平的。
The
train, which takes only two hours to get there, is
quicker than the bus, which ta
kes
three.
坐火车去那儿要比坐汽车快,坐火车只要
2
p>
小时,而坐汽车要
3
小时。
Anyway,
that evening, which I’ll tell you more
abo
ut later, I ended up staying at
Ra
chel’s place.
不管怎样,那个晚上我最后待在了雷切尔那里,我以后会告诉你更多那晚的情况。
The house,
which was completed in 1856, was famous for its
huge marble staircase.
这
座房子建
于
1856
年,以巨大的大理石楼梯闻名。
People
threw coins onto the stage, as was the custom.
人们向舞台上扔钱币,
这是他们的习
俗。
p>
【真题再现
】
(答案为
CA
)
1.
It is the third time that
she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.
(2012
陕西卷
)
A.
that
B.
where
C.
which
D.
what
2.
By 16:30,
______ was almost closing time, nearly all the
paintings had been sold.
(2012
江西卷
)
A.
which
B.
when
C.
what
D.
that
考点二
考查分离型非限制性定语从句
所谓分离型非限制性定语从句,
指的
是引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与它所引导的定语从句被其
他一些词语(如插入语等)
隔开,从而造成关系词与定语从句的分离。如:
Helen was much kinder to
her youngest son than to the others, which, of
course, made
the others envy him.
海伦对她的小儿子要比对其他的儿子好,这使得其他的儿子很嫉妒他。
The higher the
interest rate, the greater the financial risk,
which, of course, cuts
both ways.
利率越高,金融风险就越大,这当然是个有利有弊的事。
There are
those, you know, who, by circumstance, end up
homeless.
您知道,
会有那么一些
< br>人,因为命运捉弄而落得无家可归。
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