与NASA空间站有关的十篇英语阅读

注：文章仅用于英语学习，禁止用于其他用途！

第一篇

Shown in the artist

’

s rendering is the Mars Helicopter, a small, autonomous

rotorcraft, will travel with NASA

’

s Mars Perseverance rover, currently scheduled to

launch in July 2020, to demonstrate the viability and potential of heavier-than-air

vehicles on the Red Planet.

Destined to become the first aircraft to attempt powered flight on another planet,

NASA

’

s Mars Helicopter officially has received a new name: Ingenuity.

Vaneeza Rupani, a junior at Tuscaloosa County High School in Northport, Alabama,

came up with the name and the motivation behind it during NASA

’

s

“

Name the

Rover

”

essay contest

（征文比赛）

.

Image Credit: NASA/JPL- Caltech

（翻译）

艺术家的渲 染图上显示了火星直升机，

这是一种小型的自动旋翼飞机，

将与

NASA

的毅力号火星车一起登陆火星。

毅力号火星车目前计划于

2020

年

7

月发射，

以展示火星上

比空气重的飞 行器的可行性和潜力。

NASA

的火 星直升机将成为尝试在另一个星球上进行动力飞行的第一架飞机，

现在它正式获

得了一个新名字：

Ingenuity

。

阿拉巴马州诺斯波特塔斯卡卢萨县高中的初中生凡妮莎·鲁帕尼（< /p>

Vaneeza Rupani

）在

NA SA

的“为火星车命名”征文比赛中提出了这个名字和动机。

第二篇

NASA

-

JPL engineer Al Chen

is no stranger to

（对< /p>

...

不陌生）

landing things on

Mars. In fact, it’s sort of the family business. Both Al and his wife have had the

opportunity to land spacecraft on the Red Planet.

Up next

（下一步）

, Al will

be

at the helm

（掌舵）

as NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover makes its entry

（进

入）

, descent and landing into the Martian atmosphere

。

One way or another

（不管怎样）

you're going to be on the ground

（地面）

in

seven minutes.

Entry, descent and landing is all about getting the vehicle from

the top of the atmosphere down to the bottom hit the

atmosphere

going

you

know

12,

13,000

miles

per

have

to

deploy

a

supersonic

parachute and that's all before we get down into powered we have a

new system that'll take over at this point.

It'll start taking images of the ground.

That'll let us figure out where we are in latitude and longitude. Jezero Crater,

the site we're going to with

Mars 2020

（火星‘

2020

’）

, was actually

rejected

（拒绝）

for Curiosity because the site was considered too unsafe and really

the

terrain

（地形）

was way too rough but now we have the ability to land at

these places that we never really could go to Jezero Crater site if

you look at it from space is pretty obviously a

delta

（三角洲）

.My wife was front

and center on InSight. This is actually the same seat that my wife was sitting in

for the InSight landing. The same seat that I was in actually back in 2012 for

the Curiosity landing as well.

room.

第三篇

A Light Touch Required for

NASA's Mars 2020 Rover

An

engineer

working

on

NASA's

Mars

2020

mission

uses

a

solar

intensity

probe to measure and compare the amount of artificial sunlight that reaches

different portions of the

ro ver

（探测器）

.

To simulate the Sun's rays for the test, powerful xenon lamps

（

氙 气

灯）

several

floors below the chamber were illuminated, their light

directed onto

（直接到

达）

a mirror at the top of the chamber and

reflected down

（反射）

on the

spacecraft.

The data collected during this test will be used to confirm

thermal models

（热

量模型）

the

team

has

generated

（生成）

regarding

how

the

Sun's rays

will

interact with the 2020 rover while on the surface of Mars.

The image was taken on Oct. 14, 2019, in the Space Simulator

Facility

（设备）

at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

JPL is building and will manage operations of the Mars 2020 rover for the

NASA Science Mission Directorate at the agency's headquarters

（总部）

in

Washington.

第四篇

High Viewpoint for 11

-

Year

-

Old

Rover Mission on Mars (Stereo)

January 22, 2015

This

stereo panorama

（立体全景图）

shows the view

（景象）

NASA's

Mars

Exploration Rover

（火星探测器）

Oppo rtunity

（机遇号）

gained from the top

of the

（苦难角）

segment

（部分）

of the rim

（边缘）

of

Endeavour Crater

（奋进号陨石坑）

. The rover reached this point three weeks

before

the 11th anniversary< /p>

（

11

周年）

of its January 2004 landing on Mars.

The image combines views from the left eye and right eye of Opportunity's

panoramic camera (Pancam) to appear three-dimensional when seen through

blue-red glasses

（蓝红色眼睛）

with the red lens on the left. The component

Pancam images were taken during the week after the rover's arrival at the

summit on Jan. 6, 2015,

the 3,894th Martian day,

or sol,

of the rover's work

on Mars.

（同位语从句，该探测器在火星上工作的第

3894

个火星日）

This location is the highest

elevation

（海拔）

Opportunity has reached since

departing the Victoria Crater area in 2008 on a three-year,

down-slope

journey

（下坡旅行）

to Endeavour Crater

（

< br>这是自

2008

年离开维多利亚陨石坑地

区，

开始为期三年的下坡旅行，

前往奋进陨石坑以来，

海拔最高的地方

）

. Endeavour spans

about 14 miles (22 kilometers) in diameter, with its interior and rim

laid out

（安

排，陈列）

in this 245-degree panorama centered toward east-northeast. The

left edge of the scene is toward west-northwest and the right edge is

southward.

Rover tracks

imprint

ed

（印）

during the rover's approach to the site appear on

the left. The far horizon in the right half of the scene includes portions of the

rim of a crater farther south, Iazu Crater. An orbital image showing the

regional context

（区域背景）

is

at

/catalog/PIA13082

.

The rover climbed about 440 feet (about 135 meters) in

elevation

（海拔）

from

a lower section of the Endeavour rim that it crossed in mid-2013,

in its drive

to

the Tribulation summit. It departed the summit on Jan. 17, 2015

(Sol 3902), continuing toward a science destination at

（马拉松谷）

Valley.

At the summit

（在顶部）

,

Opportunity

held its robotic arm so that the U.S. flag

would be visible in the scene. The flag is printed on

the aluminum cable

guard

（铝制揽护罩）

of the rover's

rock

（岩石）

abrasion tool

（研磨工具）

,

which is used for

grinding away

（

磨去）

weathered rock

（

风化岩石）

surfaces

to expose fresh interior material for examination. The flag is intended as a

memorial to

victims

（受害者）

of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the World

Trade Center in New York. The aluminum used for the cable guard

was

recovered from

（从

. ..

被找到）

the site of

the twin towers

（双子塔）

in the

weeks following the attacks. Workers at

Honeybee Robotics

（蜜蜂机器人技

术）

in lower Manhattan, less than a mile from the World Trade Center, were

making the rock abrasion tool for Opportunity and NASA's twin Mars

Exploration Rover,

Spirit

（勇气号）

, in September 2001.

第五篇

Mars 2020 Rover Processing in

PHSF

-

Cleaning

The Mars 2020 rover undergoes processing

（处理）

in side

（位于

...

之内）

the

Payload

Hazardous

（危险的）

Servicing Facility

（有效载荷危险服务设备）

at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Feb. 14, 2020.

Initial

processing

（

初步处理）

took place on Feb. 13,

one day

（

同位语）

after a C-17

aircraft, with the rover aboard, touched down at the Launch and Landing

Facility at Kennedy. The

cross-country trip

（越野之旅）

began at NASA’s Jet

Propulsion Laboratory, where the rover was manufactured. The mission,

targeted for mid-July 2020

（该 任务的目标是在

2020

年的

7

月中旬）

, will launch

aboard an Atlas V 541 rocket from

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station

（卡纳

维拉尔角）

. NASA’s Launch Services Program based at Kennedy is managing

（负责管理）

the launch.

第六篇

Mars Perseverance Nameplate

（铭牌）

This image of the

titanium nameplate

（钛铭牌）

on the robotic arm of NASA's

Mars Perseverance rover was taken at a payload servicing facility at the

agency's Kennedy Space Center soon after being attached on March 4, 2020.

The plate

serves as

（用于）

rock and debris

（石块残骸）

shield to protect a

flexible cable that

carries

（传输）

power and data

from

computers in the

rover's body

to

actuators

（执行器）

in the arm,

as well as

（以及）

to

the

instruments

（仪器）

and the drill

（钻孔）

in the turret

（塔台）

.

The laser-etched

plate

（激光蚀刻板）

weighs 104 grams (3.7 ounces) and measures 17 inches

long by 3.25 inches wide (43 centimeters long by 8.26 centimeters wide).

The plate

was cut using a waterjet

（水射流切割）

, and the surface was

coated

（涂有）

with

black thermal paint

（黑色的热涂料）

before a

computer- guided

（计算机引导）

las er

（

激光）

generated the name

ablating

（烧蚀）

paint

（涂料）

from the surface.

Incrementally

递增地，增加地

第七篇

The Combined Power of Remote Earth

Observations aboard the

International Space Station

（国际空间站上对地球远程观测的综合能力）

Understanding how Earth’s climate behaves is a significant, but

important, challenge that NASA supports through data collection. When

scientists

better

comprehend

and

monitor

water

and

energy

cycles,

ecosystem

changes,

sea

levels,

geological

hazards

and

population

migrations, they can provide useful information to decision makers and

the broader public

（更广泛的群众）

regarding climate changes.

Earth observations taken from space have provided

decades of data

（数年的数据）

that

revolutionized

weather

tracking

and

fore casting

（彻

底改变了天气跟踪和预测）

,

and

provided

insights

（洞见）

into

geophysical

and atmospheric changes.

To celebrate the

50

th

anniversary of Earth Day

（地球日

50

周年）

, we

look at how the

International Space Station

has contributed to this

important

data

（省略了

which is

）

set

for

the

nearly

20

years

that

humans

have been constantly on board

，（

我们来看看国际空间站在近

20

年的时间里是如

何为这个重要的数据集做出贡献的）

and

its

state-of-the- art

（最先进的）

tools

monitoring our planet right space station does

much more than

（不仅仅是）

just snap photos of our planet. It has

evolved into

（发展

成）

a

robust platform

（强大的平台）

for researchers studying Earth’s

water,

air,

land

masses

（陆地）

,

vegetation

（植被）

,

and

more,

contributing

（促进）

new capabilities and unique data

（省略了

by

）

using systems

mounted both inside and outside the orbiting laboratory

（安装在 内外轨

道实验室的）

.

At

51

degrees

inclination

and

a

90-minute

orbit,

the

station

affor ds

（

提

供

）

a

unique

perspective

（

独

特

的

视

角

）< /p>

with

an

altitude

of

approximately 240 miles (400 kilometers) and

an orbital path

（轨道路

径）

over

（超过）

90 percent of the Earth’s population.

This orbital path can provide improved

spatial resolution

（空间分

辨率）

and

variable

lighting

conditions

（可变的光照条件）

compared

to

the

sun- synchronous

（太阳同步的）

orbits of typical

Earth remote-sensing

satellites

（地球遥感卫星）

.

< br>

与太阳同步轨道的典型地球遥感卫星相比，

该轨道可以 提供更好的空间分辨率和可变的

光照条件。

Several

external

instruments

,

including

ECOSTRESS,

GEDI,

OCO-3,

DESIS,

and

HISUI,

obtain

（主句动词）

useful

information

for

researchers

looking to better understand Earth’s atmosphere, oceans and surface.

Though they individually

（分别）

collect data, in combination they

provide a unique set

of

measurements that could push

the leading edge of

environmental research

（环境研究的前沿）

.

One

Earth

observation

sensor

（地球观测传感器）

on

the

space

station,

the NASA Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space

Station

(

ECOSTRESS

),

measures

vegetation

（植被）

temperatures

to

examine

how plants interact with

the global water

cycle

（全球水循环）

and where

they

are

experiencing

heat

stress

（温度应力）

.

By

observing

how

Earth’s

foliage

（叶子）

responds

to

water

availability

（水的可用性）

,

scientists

aim to identify

crucial thresholds

（关键阈值）

for water use, obtain

factors

that

help

predict

plant

water

uptak e

（

吸

收

）< /p>

,

and

measure

agricultural use to

aid in drought

response

planning

（协助制定干旱

应

对

规划）

.

Two instruments

that collect detailed information about materials

that

make

up

Earth’s

surface（定语）

are

the

Hyperspectral

Imager

Suite

（高光谱成像仪套件）

(

HISUI

) developed by the Japanese Ministry

（部门）

of Economy, Trade, and Industry and the German Space Agency (DLR)

Earth

Sensing Imaging Spectrometer

（地球传感成像光谱仪）

(

DESIS

).

< br>（收集有关构成地球表面物质的详细信息的

两种仪器是

高 光谱成像仪套件

(HISUI)

，由

日 本经济产业省和德国航天局

(DLR)

地球传感成像光谱仪

(DESIS)

开发。）

The sensors detect many wavelengths

（波长）

of light reflected

（反

射）

by

different

materials.

These

light

measurements

define signatures

（特征）

that

are

unique

to

different

materials,

thus

can

support

resource

identification