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百度文库
Unit5 Nelson Mandela-- a modern hero
Period 3 Grammar (Attributive clause)
关系副词及介词加关系代词的用法
学
习目标：
通过本节课的学习使学生初步掌握并运用关系副词
wh
en, where, why
引导的定语从句以及
介词加关系
代词的用法。
课前自主预习：
状语：
是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程
度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句
法成份
关系代词
：它代表先行词，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语和定语的关系词。
关系副词
：它代表先行词，在从句中作时间，地
点和原因状语的关系词。
课堂展示：
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
的用法
When
表时间，在从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。
I still remember the day when I first
came to Beijing.
We are living in an
age when many things are done on computer.
注意：当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用
when
引导
定语从句
,
也可以用
that/whi
ch
引导定语从句，其
关键是引导词在从句中作什么成分，若引
导词在定语从句中充当状语，则用
when
引导，若引导词在<
/p>
定语从句中充当主语或宾语，则用
that/which
引导。
试比较：
I will never forget the day ______ we
spend together.
I will never forget the
day _______ we met there.
典例
Anyway, that evening, _____ I'll tell
you more about later, I ended up staying at
Rachel's place.
A. when B. where C.
what D. which
的用法
Where
表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往
往是表示地点的名词。
The factory where
his father works in the west of the city.
We went to visit the place where
Lincoln once worked.
注意：当先行词是地点名词时，既可以用
where
引导定语从句
,
也可以用
that/which
引导定语从句，其
关键是引导词在从句中作什么成分，若引导词在定语从句中充当状语，则用
where
引导，若引导词在
定语从句中充当主语或
宾语，则用
that/which
引导。
试比较：
This is
the factory _______ I paid a visit the other day.
This is the factory _______ I visited
the other day.
1
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典例
If a shop has
chairs ____ women can park their men, women will
spend more time in the shop.
B. which
C. when D. where
的用法
Why
表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是
reason
。
I didn't know the reason why he didn't
come to school yesterday.
That is the
reason why I did it.
注意：
若先行词
reason
在定语从句中不作状语，
而是充当主语或宾语，
则用
that/which
引导定语从句。
This is the
reason why he was late for the meeting.
This is the reason that he explained at
the meeting for his carelessness in his work.
典例
This is the
reason ____ I came here.
A. which B. why C. that D. in which
二、介词
+
关系代词引导的定语从句
1.
概述
“介词
+
关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式
问题，使用的关系代词一般是
which/whom
，它既可以
引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见有以下几种结构：
（
1
）介词
+
关系代词
Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I
went for advice.
= Mandela was the
black lawyer whom I went to for advice.
(2)
名词，代词，数词
+
介词
+
关系代词
Last Sunday I bought some
books from bookstore, three of which were English
novels.
= Last Sunday I bought some
books from the bookstore, of which three were
English novels.
He wrote a book, the
name of which I've completely forgotten.
The old man has two daughters, both of
whom are doctors.
(3)
形容词最高级
+
介词
+
关系代词
China has
thousands of islands, the largest of which is
Taiwan.
(4)
介词
+
关系代词
+
名词<
/p>
I called him by the wrong
name, for which mistake I apologized.
2.
关系代词的选择
用于
“介词
+
关系代词”
结构关系
代词指人时只能用
whom,
指物时只能用
which,
即介词
+which/whom.
The date on which he joined the Party
was July 1,1984.
We'll go to hear the
famous singer about whom we have often talked.
3.
介词的选择，该结构主要从以下几方面考虑。
（
1
）从先行词跟介词的搭配出发
I 'll never forget the day on which
we worked together in the
countryside.(
把
the
day
带入从句后，
加
on
才
成立，即
we worked
together on the day in the countryside)
The clever boy made a hole in the wall,
through which we could see what was happening
inside the house.
(through
which
即
through the hole)
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