-
高三英语寒假作业
本系列寒假作业共由
5
个模块组成，每周以天为单位分
为【基础夯实】、【阅读基础】、
【阅读提升】、【写作训练】及【美文赏析】。
Day 1
【基础夯实】
一、语法填空
(1)
The
coronavirus (
新冠病毒
) “may
never go away”, 1. ________World Health
Organization
(WHO) has warned. 2.
________(speak) at a briefing on Wednesday, WHO
emergencies director
Dr
Mike
Ryan
warned
against
trying
to
predict
when
the
virus
would
disappear. He
added
that
even if a vaccine 3.
________(find), controlling the virus will require
a “massive effort”. Almost
300,000
people worldwide are reported 4. ________(die) of
coronavirus, and more than 4.3 millon
cases recorded. “It is important to put
this on the table: this virus may never go away,”
Dr Ryan
told the virtual press
conference. “HIV has not gone away ― 5. ________we
have come to terms
with the virus.” Dr
Ryan then said he doesn’t believe “anyone can
predict when this disease will
disappear”.
There
are 5. ________(current) more than 100 potential
vaccines
in development―but Dr.
Ryan
noted
there
are
other
6.
________(ill),
such
as
measles
(
麻疹
),
that
still
haven’t
been
eliminated despite there being vaccines
for them. WHO
Director
-
General stressed 7.
________was
still possible to control
the virus, with effort. We need to get into the
mindset that it is going to
take some
time 9. ________(come) out of this pandemic
(
大流行病
). “Many countries
would like
to get out of the different
measures,” the WHO boss said. “But our
recommendation is still the
alert at
any country should be 10. ________the highest
level possible.”
(2)
The
proportion of children 1. ________ have access to
the internet before they enter primary
school is continuing to rise, according
to a report 2. ________(release) on Wednesday that
calls
for improved internet 3.
________(educate) and more protection of minors.
The report was jointly
published
4.
________the
Central
Committee
of
the
Communist
Youth
League
and
the
China
Internet Network Information
Center.
It said 175 million
minors used the internet in China last year, 5.
________the rate of internet
access
among
children
and
teenagers
reaching
93.1%.
It
found
that
32.9%
of
primary
school
students
6.
________(begin)
surfing
the
internet
before
they
started
school,
and
the
rate
was
increasing.
That
means
there
is
a
greater
need
for
more
internet
skills
education
for
families,
7.
________(good)
online
content
supervision
(
监督
)
and
management
8.
________a
targeted
protection mechanism for
minors.
With the internet
now an indispensable part of daily life, it is
important 9. ________adults to
put
it
into
perspective
for
minors
and
show
them
how
10.
________(use)
it
properly,
said
Wei
Peng’ju,
head
of
the
Institute
of
Cultural
Economics
at
Central
University
of
Finance
and
Economics.
二
、派生词强化专练
（
1
）重要，重要的
1. Anybody can see the _________ of
good health.
2. It is __________ to see
that the brakes on your bicycle work properly.
3. More __________, the teacher should
make the total meaning of the dialogue clear to
the students before having them repeat
it.
（
2
）发明，创造
1. Necessity is the mother of
__________.
2. He __________ a story to
explain why he was late.
3. It was
absolutely new method __________ by himself.
（
3
）兴趣，使发生兴趣，有趣的，引起兴趣的<
/p>
1. Geology __________ him.
2. He’s a most __________
man.
3. He did not seem at
all __________ in the subject.
4. I
will be most __________ to hear your personal
views on the station there.
5. Local
colour added __________ to the novel.
（
4
）善良，好心，仁慈，和蔼
1. I want to thank you for your
__________ to me.
2. The policeman
treated the lost child __________.
3.
Taking a blind man across the street is a
__________ act.
4. Will you be so
__________ as to answer a few questions?
（
5
）迟，晚；后来，最近，最新
1. I was __________ getting up this
morning.
2. Tom came to school
__________ and missed the first lesson.
3. Nine months __________, they were
divorced.
4. They have equipped the
office with the ___________ business machines.
5. What have you been doing
___________.
（
6
）生
命，生活，谋生；活的，活着的；生动的，活泼的
1.
Eat to __________, but do not __________ to eat.
2. Because of all the arguments the
meeting was a __________ one.
3. Language is a __________ and
continually changing thing.
4. He earns
his __________ by growing rice.
5. Many
people lost their ___________ in the accident.
（
7
）爱，喜爱；可爱，好看，美好
1. How __________ your roses
are looking.
2. It was a __________
garden, with soft green grass.
3.
Though his income was small, he ________ to buy
books.
（
8
）领导，领先，首
先，领袖，领导人
1. Our football
team has a __________ of two goals.
2.
The blind man had a dog to ___________ him.
3. What __________ you to think that?
4. Our __________ led us through the
forest.
5. What the country needs most
is wise __________.
（
9
）长，长的，长度
1. What is the
__________ of the movie?
2. How __________ is the
speech?
（
10
）运气，好运，幸运的，侥幸的
1.
Diligence is the mother of good __________.
2. You are __________ than most
women.
Day 2
【阅读基础】
一、
A
篇
Center for Excellence in Child and
Adolescent Health Research
Our research center was created to
promote the health of babies, children,
adolescents, and
young
adults
by
advancing
meaningful
and
creative
clin
ical
（临床的）
research.
Through
this
website,
we
brings participants,
families,
researchers,
health
care
providers,
and
the
community
into our research home where we can
learn from one another. Together, we can promote
the health
of children and youth by
advancing meaningful and innovative clinical
research.
For Families &
Caregivers
Currently,
guidelines
for
treating
children
are
often
based
on
data
from
adult
studies.
To
improve clinical care of children, more
studies are needed focusing on children’s health
with the
goal to better diagnose,
treat, and prevent the diseases that are specific
to children. Learn how you
can help
doctors and nurses provide the best
care.
For Teens & Young
Adults
We need adolescents
and young adults like you to help doctors and
nurses provide the best
care they can.
Doctors and nurses use what they learn from
research studies to take care of patients,
but most of this research has been done
with adults. Your bodies are different from older
adults
and your health needs are
different too! We need you to help us learn about
the best treatments for
teens and young
adults and you can make a difference.
For Health Care Providers
Considering the state of children
treatment, child health research is the best way
to advance
medical care for children.
We need children of different ages, genders,
races, and neighborhoods
to participate
in studies so doctors will know which treatments
work best for children.
1.
How will the center promote the health of
children?
A. By researching
the effects of adult medicine on
children.
B. By comparing
and learning research results of the
community.
C. By making
creative clinical research.
D. By connecting with families and
communities regularly.
2.
What are guidelines for children treatment based
on?
A. Information from
adult studies.
B.
Data from children too long ago.
C. Statistics with connection of
parents.
ence built up
through generations.
3. Who
does the passage ask for help for the
research?
A. Doctors and
researchers.
B.
Teachers and researchers.
C.
Social health care workers.
D.
Teens and young adults.
二、
B
篇
I once complained to my friend Mike, “I
often cycle two miles from my house to the town
center but unfortunately there is a big
hill on the route.” He replied, “You mean
fortunately.” He
explained that I
should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill
provided.
My attitude to the hill has
now changed. I used to complain as I approached it
but now I tell
myself the following.
This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It
will help me to lose weight and
get
fit.
It
will
mean
that
I
live
longer. This
hill
is
my
friend.
Finally
I
comfort
myself
with
the
thought
of
all
those
silly
people
who
pay
money
to
go
to
a
gym
and
sit
on
stationary
exercise
bicycles when I can
get the same value for free. I have a smile of
satisfaction as I reach the top of
the
hill.
Problems are there to
be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything
with an easy life.
Helen
Keller
was
the
first
deaf
and
blind
person
to
gain
a
university
degree.
Her
activism
and
writing
proved
inspirational.
She
wrote,
“The
character
cannot
be
developed
with
ease.
Only
through experiences of suffering can
the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition
inspired
and success
achieved.”
One of the main
determinants of success in life is our attitude
towards adversity. From time
to time we
all face hardships
，
problems<
/p>
，
accidents and difficulties.
Some are of our making but
many
are
no
fault
of
our
own.
While
we
cannot
choose
adversity,
we
can
choose
our
attitude
towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he
had both legs cut off following a flying accident.
He
was determined to fly again and went
on to become one of the leading flying aviators in
the Battle
of Britain with 22 aerial
victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration
to others during the
war. He said,
“Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you
can’t do this or that. That’s nonsense.
Make up your mind, and you’ll never use
crutches or a stick, and then have a go at
everything. Go
to school, and join in
all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to.
But never, never let them
persuade you
that things are too difficult or
impossible.”
The biographies
of great people are full of examples of how they
took steps to overcome the
difficulties
they
faced.
The
common
thread
is
that
they
did
not
become
depressed.
They
chose
their
attitude.
They
chose
to
be
positive.
They
took
on
the
challenge.
They
won.
Nevertheless,
there is still the problem of how you
change your attitude towards adversity.
4. Which of the following
is TRUE according to the author of the
passage?
A. One who wants to
achieve success can’t expect to live an easy
life.
B. Climbing hills on
bicycles is the best way to take
exercise.
C. Going to a gym
is greatly beneficial to people’s
health.
D. People’s attitude
to hardships is the only factor of their
success.
5. What does the
author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas
Bader said?
A. Failure is
the mother of success.
B. A
bad workman quarrels with his tools.
C. If you risk nothing, you will have
nothing.
D. Nothing is
difficult to the man who will try.
6. What will the author further talk
about in the following paragraph?
A. How his friend helped him to change
his attitude towards the challenge he
faced.
B. Why it is
important to keep optimistic in the face of
trouble.
C. What steps to
take to change your attitude towards the
difficulties you face.
D.
What great people have in common.
7. Which of the following might be the
best title of the passage?
A. Different attitudes towards
misfortune
B.
Face difficulties with a smile
C.
Nothing is impossible
D. Life is full of adversity
三、完形填空
Another person’s enthusiasm
was what set me moving toward the success I have
achieved.
That person was my
stepmother.
I
was
nine
years
old
when
she
entered
our
home
in
rural(
乡下的
)
Virginia.
My
father
1
me to her with
these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow
who is
2
for
being the worst boy in
this county and will probably start throwing rocks
at you no
3
than
tomorrow
morning.”
My stepmother
walked over to me,
4
my head slightly upward,
and looked me right
in the eye. Then
she looked at my father and replied, “You are
5
. This is not the worst
boy
at
all,
6
the
smartest
one
who
hasn’t
yet
found
an
outlet
(
释放的途径
)
for
his
enthusiasm.”
That
statement
began
a(n)
7
between
us.
No
one
had
ever
called
me
smart,
My
family
and neighbors had built me up in my
8
as a bad boy.
My stepmother changed all
that.
She changed
many things. She
9
my father to go to a dental
school, from which he
graduated with
honors. She moved our family into the county seat,
where my father’s career could
be more
10
and
my brother and I could be better
11
.
When
I
turned
fourteen,
she
bought
me
a
secondhand
12
and
told
me
that
she
believed that I could become a writer.
I knew her enthusiasm, I
13
it, and I saw how it had
already improved our lives. I accepted
her
14
and began to write for local
newspapers. I
was doing the same kind
of
15
that great day I went to interview
Andrew Carnegie and
received the task
which became my life’s work later. I wasn’t the
16
beneficiary(
受益者
).
My father became the
17
man in town. My
brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a
dentist, a lawyer, and a college
president.
What
power
18
has!
When
that
power
is
released
to
support
the
certainty
of
one’s
purpose
and
is
19
strengthened
by
faith,
it
becomes
an
irresistible(
不
可抗拒的
)
force
which
poverty and temporary defeat can never
20
.
You
can communicate that power to anyone who needs it.
This is probably the greatest work
you
can do with your enthusiasm.
1
．
A
．
r
ushed
B
．
introduced
C
．
carried
D
．
sent
2
．
A
．
known
B
．
good
C
．
mistaken
D
．
fit
3
．
A
．
sooner
B
．
earlier
C
．
longer
D
．
later
4
．
A
．
dragg
ed
B
．
s
hook
C
．
raised
D
．
bent
5
．
A
．
perfect
B
．
right
C
< br>．
wrong
D
．
impolite
6<
/p>
．
A
．
but<
/p>
B
．
so
C
．
and
D
．
or
<
/p>
7
．
A
．
agreement
B
．
friendship
C
．
gap
D
．
relationship
8
．
A
．
opinion
B
．
aim
C
．
dream
D
．
mind
9
．
A
．
begged
B
．
persuaded
C
．
ordered
D<
/p>
．
invited
10
．
A
．
successful
B
．
careful
C
．
simple
D
< br>．
difficult
11<
/p>
．
A
．
trea
ted
B
．
entertained
C
．
educated
D
．
respected
12
．
A
．
camera
B
．
rad
io
C
．
b
icycle
D
．
< br>typewriter
13
．
A
．
considered
B
．
suspecte
d
C
．
ig
nored
D
．
appreciated
14
．
A<
/p>
．
belief
15
．
A
．
teaching
16
．
A
．
next
17
．
A
．
cleverest
18
．
A
．
enthusiasm
19
．
A
．
never
20<
/p>
．
A
．
matc
h
B
．<
/p>
request
B
．
writing
B
．
same
B
．
strongest
B
．
sympathy<
/p>
B
．
hard
ly
B
．
win
C
．
criticism
C
．
speaking<
/p>
C
．
only
C
．
wealthiest
C
．
fortune<
/p>
C
．
seld
om
C
．
r
each
D
．
description
D
．
reading
D
．
real
D
．
healthiest
D
．
confiden
ce
D
．
o
ften
D
．
doubt
Day 3
【阅读提升】
一、时文阅读
（
1
）老方法造“新”空调
(
人与自然
)
如今，
人们的工作、
学习和生活都离不开空调。空调给人们带
来众多好处的同时，
也对
环境造成了巨大的破坏。而随着社会的
发展，新型环保空调逐渐成为了未来的趋势。
As the climate crisis makes the world
hotter, people are looking to stay cool. By 2050,
there
could be three times as many air
conditioning units on the planet as there were in
2018. In India,
for example, the
International Energy Agency believes air
conditioning could account for 45% of
peak
electricity
demand
by
2050
unless
things
change.
The
vast
majority
of
India’s
electricity
supply
still
comes
from
coal.
Combine
dirty
energy
with
hydrofluorocarbons,
the
greenhouse
gases used in air
conditioning units, and you have a solution that’s
compounding the problem in
the long
term.
Luckily, a New Delhi
architect and designer, Monish Siripurapu, founder
of Ant Studio, is
looking
at
the
issue
of
cooling.
India
is
no
stranger
to
passive
cooling
systems:
the
famous
stepwells of
Rajasthan have used water
evaporation
（蒸发）
to offer
relief from the heat for over
1500
years. But for his solution, Siripurapu turned to
the Ancient Egyptians. Named the CoolAnt,
Siripurapu’s
system
comprises
a
honeycomb
-
like
network
of
terrac
otta
（赤陶）
tubes.
Water
is
circulated
by
an
electric
pump
over
the
surface
of
the
structure.
Water
evaporates
from
the
terracotta surface when air passes
through the tubes, cooling the air.
Ant Studio’s first model in a factory
in Noida, Uttar Pradesh, is topped up with 200
liters of
water every week, recycled by
the factory, and used 3 to 4 hours a day, six days
a week. “We are
trying to
re
-
adapt this in many places
for different needs,” says Siripurapu.
There is growing interest in a return
to vernacular
architecture
（乡土建筑）
, using
localized
methods and materials, and
bioclimatic architecture, designed to take account
of the local climate
without using
additional energy to cool or heat
buildings.
“Civilization
cannot continue building the same way that we are
doing,” Siripurapu says. “As
architects, we are used to looking at a
single client...we don’t really look at the bigger
picture,” he
adds, “But now we can be
very sustainable and make something really
good.”
1. What
does the underlined word probably mean in
paragraph 1?
A. Fixing.
B. Worsening.
C.
Lessening.
D.
Testing.
2. What is the
second paragraph mainly about?
A. The
introduction to the stepwells in India.
B. The description of
Siripurapu’s cooling system.
C. Ancient Egyptians’ ways of cooling
the air.
D. The reasons for Siripurapu founding
Ant Studio.
3. What is
special about the CoolAnt compared with air
conditioning?
A. It won’t produce greenhouse
gases.
B. It doesn’t need any electricity to
work.
C. It can work for a long time with
little water.
D. It can be used in various places to
heat buildings.
4. What does
Siripurapu convey in the last
paragraph?
A. Designers
should consider the local climate when designing
buildings.
B. Architects are
used to working for a single client rather than
big companies.
C. Modern
people can’t create a civilization as brilliantly
as the ancient people.
D. People realize it’s time
to make things that are both environmentally
friendly and practical.
单词学习
1. account
for
(
数量、比例上
)
占
Computers account for 5% of
the country’s commercial electricity
consumption.
电脑占了这个国家商业用电的
5%
。
2. peak electricity demand
电力需求峰值
3. the greenhouses gases
温室气体
4. compound
v
.
使加重；使恶化
The problems were
compounded by severe food shortages.
严重的食物短缺使问题进一步恶
化。
5. passive cooling system
非能动式冷却系统
6. water
evaporation
水分蒸发
7. comprise
v
.
包括；由
……
组成
The collection comprises
327 paintings.
这部画册收有
327
幅画。
8.
honeycomb
-
like network
蜂窝状的网状物
9. circulate
v
.
（液体或气体）环流，循环
The disease prevents the
blood from circulating freely.
这种病阻碍了血液的循环畅通。
10. electric pump
电动泵
11. top up
加满；充值
12. localize
v
.
使局部化
13.
bioclimatic architecture
生物气候建筑
14. take
account of
考虑到
We
need to define a new strategy which must take
account of changing market conditions.
我们需要制定一个新政策，该政策必须考虑到变化着的市场环境。
15. sustainable
adj
.
可持续的
长难句分析
There
is
growing
interest
in
a
return
to
vernacular
architecture,
using
localized
methods
and
materials,
and
bioclimatic
architecture,
designed to take account of the local climate
without using
additional energy to cool
or heat buildings.
【分析】句子主干为
“There
is
interest
in
a
return
to
vernacular
architecture
and
bioclimatic
a
rchitecture”
。
“using
localized methods and
materials”
和
“designed to take
account of…cool or
heat buildings”
作后置定语，分别修饰
“vernacular
architecture”
和
“bioclimatic
architecture”
。
【翻
译】
越来越多的人对乡土建筑和生物气候建筑产生了兴趣。
乡土
建筑回归到使用本土的
方法和材料；
生物气候建筑在设计时已将
当地的气候因素考虑在内，
它不需要使用额外的能
源来降低或增
加建筑物的室内温度。
（
2
）豆渣能变环保袋，你相信吗？
(
人与自然
)
自古以来，大豆就是亚洲人特别喜欢的食物。它们一直被用来制成豆腐、豆浆、酱油、<
/p>
腐乳等食品，但现在，受欢迎的大豆也变成了塑料包装的替代品。
As a basic food in the
Asian diet, soybeans
（大豆）
have
been used to make tofu and soy milk
for
hundreds of years. But now, they are also being
turned into an alternative to plastic
wrap.
William
Chen,
a
professor
of
food
science
and
technology
at
Singapore’s
Nanyang
Technological University, invented the
environment
-
friendly food
wrap. It’s made of
cellulose
（纤
维素）
, a
form of fiber, obtained from the waste generated
by soybean product producers. The
beans
are pressed to squeeze out juice that’s used to
make tofu and soy milk. And what’s left is
usually thrown away, but Chen takes the
waste and puts it through a
fermentation
（发酵）
process,
during which cellulose is
produced.
Cellulose
-
based
plastic wraps have been on the market for a few
years, but Chen says that
most are made
from wood or corn, grown for that purpose. By
contrast, his wrap is made from a
waste
product, which doesn’t compete with other crops
for land and is more sustainable. Chen’s
technology could help to solve two
problems at once: cutting plastic production and
reducing the
amount of food waste. “In
Singapore, the amount of food waste generated
every year could fill up
15,000
Olympic
-
sized swimming
pools.” Chen says.
F&N,
a
soy
-
based
drinks
producer,
has
partnered
with
Chen’s
lab
and
provides
the
waste
product, straight from
the factory. The company is conducting a study to
assess whether the food
wrap could
compete commercially with conventional products.
“The soy
-
based wrap costs
almost
nothing
to
make
in
the
lab,”
Chen
says,
“because
the
raw
materials
are
free.
Commercial
production would involve additional
expenses, such as storage and quality control,
however we
have not
calculated those costs yet.”
Chen
hopes
neighboring
soy
-
loving
countries
will
be
inspired
by
Singapore
to
adopt
his
innovation. “My dream is that our
technology, which is cheap and simple, will cut
plastic and food
waste and create a
cleaner environment,” Chen said.
5. What is the second
paragraph mainly about?
A. The introduction to
William Chen.
B. The process of producing soy
milk.
C. The way to make
soy
-
based wrap.
D. The benefit
of eating soy products.
6.
What’s the biggest difference of Chen’s wrap from
other cellulose
-
based
plastic wraps?
A. It saves
land for industry.
B. It is
more easily broken down.
C. It is made from the food
waste.
D. It has been put into
practice for many years.
7.
What will commercial production of the food wrap
cause?
A. A lack of
competitiveness.
B. Poor quality of the
wraps.
C. A shortage of raw
materials.
D. An increase in production
costs.
8. Where does the
text most probably appear?
A. In a personal diary.
B. In a travel
guide.
C. In a book review.
D. In a
scientific magazine.
单词学习
1. soy milk
豆浆
2.
alternative
n
.
替代品
an alternative to
……
的替代品
New ways to
treat arthritis may provide an alternative to
painkillers.
治疗关节炎的新方法可能会提供一种止痛药的替代品。
3. plastic wrap
（尤指包装食物的）塑料保鲜膜
4.
squeeze out
挤出；榨出
5.
sustainable
adj
.
可持续的
sustainable development
可持续发展
6. conduct
a study
进行研究
7. assess
v.
评估
It would be a
matter of assessing whether she was well enough to
travel.
这将是个评估她是否身体好到可以旅行的问题。
8. conventional
adj.
传统的
conventional products
传统产品
9.
commercial
adj.
商业的
?
the commercial heart of
the city
城市的商业中心
10.
additional
adj.
额外的，附加的
additional resources
额外资源
11. raw materials
原材料
12. free of
charge
免费的
13. innovation
n
.
创新；革新
14. carry
out
实行；完成
长难句分析
1. It’s made of cellulose, a form of
fiber, obtained from the waste generated by
soybean product
producers.
【分析】句子主干为
“It’s
made
of
cellulose”
。
“a
form
of
fiber”
是对
“cellulose”
的解释说明；<
/p>
“obtained from the
waste”
与
“generated by soybean
product producers”
为过去分词作后置定语，
分别修饰名词
“cellulose”
及
“waste”
。
【翻译】
它是由纤维素制成的。
纤维素是一种纤维，
是从豆制品生产者产生的豆渣中获取的。
2.
Chen
takes
the
waste
and
puts
them
through
a
fermentation
process
in
which
cellulose
is
produced.
【分析】句子主干为
“Chen takes the
waste and puts them through a fermentation
process”
。
“in
which cellulose is produced”
为定语从句，修饰先行词
“process”
。
【翻译】陈带走这些豆渣并将它们进行发酵，在发酵过程中纤维素便产生了。