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III. Agriculture:
The United
States is blessed with fertile soil, and a good
climate
for
its
agriculture.
About
one-fifth
of
the
land
area
is
farmed.
Some
394
million
acres
are
harvested
cropland,
and
about
890
million
are
permanent
pastureland.
美国拥有丰富的肥沃土壤，
并有好的农业气候。
其
国土面积的五分之一左右
是养殖，约
3.94
< br>亿英亩用于农田，约
8.9
亿英亩是永久性的牧场。
Most
of
the
important
crop-growing
areas
in
the
United
States
are
in
the
central
plain
region
between
the
Appalachians
and
the
Rockies.
Others
are
in
the
Atlantic
coast
plain
and
the
great
basins
west
of
the
Rockies.
最主要的作物生长区域位于美国的阿巴拉契
亚山脉和落基山脉中心的平原
上，剩下的在大西洋沿岸平原和西部的落基山脉的大盆地。
The
staple
crops
are
corn
and
wheat,
with
oats,
barley,
rice
and
cotton,
ranking next in importance. The wide
Corn Belt south of the Great Lakes
accounts for about 30%
of
the total
cultivated area.
Iowa
in this region
is the
leading corn state, followed by Illinois, Indiana
and Ohio. The
other principle
agricultural products of this region are wheat,
cattle,
and dairy goods. The wheat-land
is
mostly in the
prairie
region, and the
state of Kansas leads
the whole country in the production of wheat,
followed by North Dakota,
and Oklahoma. Rice is
grown
in the
Gulf plains
in
the
Gulf
Plains
in
the
South.
Cotton
and
tobacco
are
the
economic
crops
in
the South. Others cash crops are beets, sugarcane
and fruit such as
oranges,
lemons
and
pineapples
grown
in
Florida,
the
Pacific
coast
strip
and
Hawaii.
The
stock
raising
areas
are
scattered
in
the
neighborhood
of
the Great Lakes and in the Corn Belt,
on the eastern slopes of the Rocky
range. Cattle and pigs are the most
important livestock and sheep are
raised
on
the
ranches
in
the
west
highland.
Fishing,
trapping,
timbering
and oil extracting
have become the main industries in Alaska. America
agriculture makes up about 0.7% of the
GDP, with the products of wheat,
corn,
other
grains,
fruits,
vegetables,
cotton,
beef,port,
Poultry,
dairy
products, fish, forest products, and
fishing.
最主要的作物是玉米、小麦、燕麦、大米、棉，这是按照重要性的排
列，广
阔上的玉米种植带位于南部大湖，大约占总种植区域的
3
0%
。爱荷华州是主产玉
米的州，接着是伊利诺伊州
、印第安纳州和俄亥俄州，这些州的其它主要农产
品是小麦、
牛乳业品。
小麦产地主要在草原地区，
堪萨斯州是美国小麦的主产地，
接下来是达科的北部与南部，
以及俄克拉何马州；
大米的产地在墨西哥湾平原的
南
部；棉与烟草是南部的经济作物；其它的经济作物例如：甜菜、甘蔗、橙子、
柠檬以及菠
萝等水果生长在佛罗里达州、
太平洋沿岸地带和夏威夷州；
畜牧
业增
长的区域分散在附近的大湖区域和作物带区域；
牧场在东部
的山坡上，
牛和猪是
最主要的家畜，
羊
被饲养在西部高地的牧场里，
捕鱼业、
以及采油业是阿拉斯加<
/p>
州的主要工业，美国的农业收入占
GDP
的
0.7%
，主要产物有：小麦、玉米等其
它的农作物、水果、蔬菜、牛、羊、家畜、牛奶、林产品和鱼产品等。
America
agriculture
is
highly
mechanized
and
operated
on
large
scale.
Both
farming
and
raising
stock
have
become
an
industry.
America
agriculture
is,
by
any
standards,
big
business.
Indeed,
the
term<
/p>
,“
agribusiness
”
has been coined to reflect the large-
scale nature
of
agricultural
enterprise
in
the
modern
US
economy.
The
farm
population
has decreased in
the past few decades. In 1987,there were slightly
more
than
2
million
farms
in
the
United
States
—
down
by
about
7%
from
the
number
just
5
years
earlier.
Although
family
farms
are
not
disappearing,
as
some
people
fear,
smaller
farms
are
disappearing.
People
who
farm
small
pieces
of
land
find
they
cannot
invest
in
the
modern
equipment
they
need
to
make
the
farms
pay.
According
to
the
Department
of
Agriculture,
the number
of
small
farms
—
those
with
under
50
000
dollars
in
annual
sales
—
dropped
by
120
000
between
1982
and
are
only
no
more
than
8
million
people
who
still
live
on
farms
today.
Many
farm
owners,
especially
owners
of
small
farms,
do not work on the farm full-time. About 45% of
farmers actually
have
other
occupations.
Nevertheless,
there
has
been
a
tremendous
increase
in
production.
Both
Americans
and
foreign
consumers
benefit
from
the
American farmers’
low-cost output.
About one-third of the cropland
in the
United States is planted in crops destined for
export to Europe,
Asia, Africa and
Latin America.
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