汉英礼貌用语的跨文化对比分析

Research Proposal

班级

xxxxx

学号

xxxxx

姓名

xxx

1.

Title of my thesis

英文题目：

A Cross-cultural Comparative Analysis of Chinese and English Politeness

中文题目：汉英礼貌用语的跨文化对比分析

Thesis statement

：

Politeness

is

a

code

of

conduct

with

moral

or

ethical

significance

in

daily

life

behavior,

a

social

statute that has a restrictive effect on any member of society; likewise, language is also bound by this code.

Politeness is both universal and culturally diverse, showing different characteristics in different cultures.

From the perspective of cultural differences, this article outlines the principle of politeness between China

and

the

West,

and

analyzes

the

differences

and

their

causes

through

comparisons

in

terms

of

address,

greeting,

and

thank

you.

It

also

proposes

how

to

deal

with

such

differences

in

cross-cultural

communication to avoid cultural conflict..

2.

Purpose and Significance of study

Politeness itself is a code of conduct with moral or ethical significance in daily life behavior, including people's efforts to

maintain harmonious interpersonal relationships. It is a symbol of human civilization and an important criterion for human

social activities. However, there are differences in the

are fully reflected in polite language. At this time, understanding this difference and studying polite language can improve

the

ability

to

use

polite

language,

promote

cross-cultural

communication

and

foreign

language

teaching,

and

also

have

guiding significance for our real life.

3.

Literature review

3.1 Domestic status:

Xu Shengzhang (1992) modified Leech's politeness principle in his politeness principle, replacing the words

L. R. Mao proposed

cultures. This concept is based on the assumption that face is a public image that each member of the community intends to

earn for himself, and this public image indicates a potential politeness, which is either an ideal social identity, Or point to

ideal personal autonomy. This polite orientation is the unique connotation of face in a particular society.

Chinese linguist Gu Yueguo (1992) proposed five rules of Chinese politeness on the basis of Leech's theoretical framework

based on the politeness characteristics of Chinese language and culture: 1. the criterion of derogation and respect for others;

4. Seeking common ground; 5. Code of morality, words and deeds.

Professor Bi Jiwan (1996) proposed three characteristics of politeness in Han culture: 1. Self-respect or respect and mutual

respect; 2. Concern for each other. Friends are like relatives, and they are treated with enthusiasm and courtesy.

Wang Xiao (2003) believes that in business negotiations, in order to reach an agreement in favor of both parties, civilized

language, implicit euphemism, and polite manners are all necessary factors for successful negotiations. Business people must

adhere to their own opinions and respect each other in foreign business negotiations, and be polite and not humble.

Zhang

Yuyu

(2010)

believes

that

plays

a

role

that

cannot

be

ignored

in

daily

communication.

Due

to

the

importance of

theories

are

Brown

and

Levinsion's

theory

and

Leech's

politeness

principle.

Polite

pragmatic

research

helps

to

improve people's communication skills, thereby creating a good communication atmosphere and creating a harmonious and

harmonious environment.

Pan Lanlan (2010) believes that Zou Jinhong defined

interpersonal relations between people, which is the embodiment of respect and friendliness of speech and manners

lubricant,

politeness

weakens

contradictions

and

conflicts

and

regulates

interpersonal

relationships.

Teachers

should

also

follow

the

principle

of

politeness

in

classroom

teaching.

Yu

language

teaching

organically

combines

to

create

a

pleasant

teaching environment to achieve the effect of promoting classroom teaching and improving teaching quality.

3.2 Foreign status:

In 1973, Robin Lakoff published an article entitled

politeness in linguistic communication was examined from the perspective of conversational principles. Mother of Modern

Politeness Theory

In the 1960s, the American language philosopher Grice (1975) proposed the principle of conversational cooperation based on

the speech acts of Austin and Seale, which believed that people should follow the four principles of quality,

method and

related

in

all

conversations.

After

the

principle

of

cooperation

was

proposed,

Grice

added

a

conversational

meaning

to

supplement

the

situation

that

people

often

deliberately

violated

a

certain

criterion

in

conversations.

However,

Grice's

principles of conversational cohesion and conversational implication still cannot fully explain the meaning of language and

its illocutionary power.

Brown

and

Levinson

(1978)

believe

that

face

has

two

aspects:

positive

face

and

negative

face.

There

are

many

potential

threatening behaviors in communication activities. This requires the speaker to use positive politeness strategies to maintain

the positive face of the callee or use negative politeness strategies to maintain the negative face of the callee. Their view of

politeness

is

undoubtedly

the

most

influential

to

date,

and

their

groundbreaking

research

has

greatly

promoted

the

development of politeness research. Today, Brown & Levinson is almost synonymous with

views have become a strong meme.

British linguist Leach (1983) proposed the well-known principle of politeness, which is an important principle in pragmatics.

The principle includes six principles: 1. the rule of grace; 2. the principle of generosity; 3. the principle of praise; 4. The

principle of modesty; 5. The principle of agreement; 6. The principle of compassion. Leech's politeness principle has two

major contributions: one is to clearly indicate the criteria for distinguishing between politeness and impolite behavior; the

other is to point out that politeness is both an asymmetric behavior and a symmetrical behavior.

Leech proposed that the