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英文文献
Engineering cost
management
Project cost control
emphasis should be transferred to the project
construction early
days,
is
transferred
to
the
project
decision
and
design
stage.
Project
cost
control
in
construction projects
throughout
the entire
process,
the key lies in
the
pre construction
investment
decision-making
with
design
phase,
whereas
in
the
investment
decision
is
made, the key lies in
designing. According to expert analysis:
architectural design, in the
preliminary design stage, design stage,
construction design stage to the engineering
effect
were 75% ~ 95%, 35% ~ 75%, 5% ~
35%; while in the construction phase, through the
optimization of construction
organization design, construction cost saving the
possibility
of only 5% to 10%. We
should put the focus shifted to the design stage,
in order to get
twice the result with
half the effort.
Pay
attention
to
the
technical
and
economic
optimization
combination.
The
combination
of
technology
with
economy
is
most
effective
way
to
control
engineering
cost.
China
engineering
fields
for
a
long
time
did
not
do
this.
The
lack
of
technical
personnel economy idea, design thought
is conservative, the design of the outcome of the
economy
are
not
fully
reflect.
Therefore,
we
should
solve
the
problem
is
to
improve
economic efficiency
as the goal, in the construction process,
organization, technology and
economy
organic ground union rises. Through the economic
analysis, comparative study
and
effect
evaluation,
correct
processing
of
advanced
technology
and
reasonable
in
economy between the relation of unity
of opposites, strive to advanced technology under
the
conditions
of
economic
rational,
reasonable
in
economy
based
on
advanced
technology.
Carry out
value
engineering
to
the
specific
design,
actively
promote
quota
design
in
engineering
design contract,
by way of bidding. This has been proven in
practice is an effective way,
it is not
only an economic problem, more precisely a
technical and economic problems.
This
is
designed
to
achieve
the
desired
objectives,
should
be
involved
in
the
design
personnel
must
be
experienced
skilled
economic
designer.
Their
design
results
must be practical,
advanced and reasonable cost. Control of
engineering cost on the other
hand
is
the
need
for
comparison,
because
the
outcome
is
a
process
of
gradual
improvement, and not
to decide, so the comparison is a measure of its
practical, advanced
and economical
means.
Do
good
project
cost
control
in
the
process.
(
1)
compilation
of
economic
and
feasible
construction
scheme.
Before
construction,
construction
enterprises
should
be
combined
with
the
construction
drawings
and
the
actual
situation
at
the
scene,
their
mechanical
equipment,
construction
experience,
the
management
level
and
technical
specification acceptance criteria, a
set of practical and feasible construction scheme.
The
construction scheme is engineering
implementation of the programme of action. ( 2) to
technical
personnel,
materials,
machinery
and
personnel
staff
communication
and
coordination.
In
the
process
of
construction,
construction
technology,
materials
and
mechanical personnel should cooperate
closely, understand each other, to management as
the
core,
to
reduce
costs
for
the
purpose
of.
(
3)
to
the
project
completion
settlement.
Strict
supervision
system.
Control
project
cost
effectively,
in
the
early
phase
of
the
project
shall
be
subject
to
supervision
(including
cost
management
)
system.
Through
analyzing
the
design
process
of
supervision,
make
the
design
more
reasonable,
cost
control
to
limit
the
scope
of,
accomplish
truly
with
the
smallest
investment
maximize
output.
Strict supervision
system. Control project cost effectively, in the
early phase of the
project
shall
be
subject
to
supervision
(including
cost
management
)
system.
Through
analyzing
the
design
process
of
supervision,
make
the
design
more
reasonable,
cost
control
to
limit
the
scope
of,
accomplish
truly
with
the
smallest
investment
maximize
output.
To establish and
perfect the independent project cost advisory
body, cultivate a Zhi
De have both
engineering team. To establish a real sense of
independent engineering cost
consulting
agencies.
Through
improving
the
laws
and
regulations,
normative
behavior,
separate
government
functions
from
enterprise
management,
the
establishment
of
independent business partnership,
share-holding system, the limited responsibility
system
and other forms of organization,
an industry-based, diversified services integrated
project
consulting
company,
build
and
development
and
reform
the
engineering
cost
intermediary
service
institutions,
make
construction
project
management
of
a
gradual
transition by an
independent specialized agency in charge of
project cost whole process
tracking
management, truly between owner and contractor
plays an intermediary role. To
strengthen engineering cost consulting
industry association construction, establish
project
cost
consulting
industry
self-discipline
mechanism,
and
constantly
improve
the
Engineering Cost
Association in engineering cost consulting
industry status, to be truly
representative
of
the
interests
of
the
majority
of
the
industry
practitioners,
government
and enterprises to become connection
link and the bridge. At the same time to
strengthen
the
project
cost
specialty
in
higher
education
and
in
service
education.
As
a
result
of
project
cost
management
in
construction
projects
and
various
economic
interests
are
closely
related,
and
the
whole
social
economic
activities
play
a
very
important
role,
it
requires
the
cost
engineering
technical
personnel
should
have
different
levels
of
knowledge, in addition to their
professional knowledge and have a deep
understanding,
also
deal
with
the
design
content,
design
process,
construction
technology,
project
management,
economic
laws
and
regulations
have
a
comprehensive
understanding
of.
Therefore,
the
project
cost
management,
project
cost
per
unit
of
society
groups,
has
already obtained a cost engineer
qualification personnel, in order to carry out
plan, has