环境工程专业英语课后习题部分答案培训讲学

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环境工程专业英语课后习题部分答案（第二版）

——钟理主编

Exercises 0

Write an article about yourself, including personal background, family,

education, interests,

ambitions and others. Write as much as you would like to.

About Myself

My name is Qin Zheng. I am from Xiangshan, which is a small town in Ningbo

District. It is very beautiful and nowadays a lot of films and TV programmes are shot

there. More and more people went there for a holiday. The people there are laborious,

virtuous and warm hearted. I’m much

felicitated that I was born and raised up there. It

is my hometown and I will love it forever.

My family has been engaged in farming for generations. My relatives are all

farmers. My ancestors and my parents have plotted all their life on thin ground. In my

family, my father, my mother and I, that’s all.

Now I’m in grade three, a third year student in Jiaxing University. Since I have

made a lot of friends, I find life in this university both happy and rewarding. I live

happily here. I like climbing mountains. I like singing, listening classical music. I like

essay, also novel, but my favorite is essay. Unfortunately, although I have read so

much, my writing is still not very good.

I hope that I can be an useful person for our society. But at the moment, my

knowledge is still not rich enough. In order to realize my objectives in life, I will

study hard and gain more and more skills and knowledge, such as speaking English

and using computer. If I have enough money after graduation from school, I will

study driving. It is good to have a good job when someone can drive a car or a bus.

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Unit 1 (P.4)

1 Based on Reading Material, put the following into Chinese.

life expectancy

：

耐用期限，平均寿命

poverty-stricken

：

贫穷的，贫困的，贫乏的

smog- laden air

：

烟雾弥漫的天空，烟雾缭绕的空气，阴霾天气

global conditions

：

全球状况

haves and have-nots

：

富人和穷人

underprivileged

：

社会地位低下的，相对贫困的，生活水平低下的，弱势的

savanna

：热带大草原，稀树草原

predator

：食肉动物，捕食者

environmental disruptions

：

环境破坏，环境失调

2 Put the following into English.

农药

—

pesticide / agricultural chemicals (including: pesticide, germicide, herbicide)

化肥

—

chemical fertilizer

有机废物

—

organic wastes

微生物

—

microorganism / microbe

衰减

—

attenuation

阻滞的

—

retardant / blocking

稀释

—

dilution

添加剂

—

additive

合成塑料

—

synthetic plastic

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再生

—

regeneration

Unit 3 (P.19)

1 Put the following into Chinese.

(1) Raw materials that lose their usefulness because they sit on the shelf too long

become waste.

原材料放置过久会失去它们本身性能而变成废弃物。

(2) Poor cleaning of parts or inadequate dragout time will reduce the usefulness of the

process

chemicals, increase the cost of waste disposal, and the cost of chemical replacement.

不良的零件清洗或者不充分的接 触时间将减少工艺过程中化学品的有用性，增

加处理废弃物

的费用以及替换化学药品的费用。

(3) Lockheed successfully switched from an alkaline cyanide cadmium bath to an

acidic

noncyanide cadmium bath.

洛克希德（公司）成功地将碱性氰化镉溶液槽改变为酸性不含氰化镉的溶液

槽。

(4) Do not try to reinvent the wheel. Develop networking partners to share ideas.

不要进行重复研究。发展网络伙伴以分享思想。

3 Put the following into Chinese.

Waste reduction/waste/minimization:

减少废物

废弃物

/

最小化

In-process:

工程内，进程内

Housekeeping:

维持管理

Equipment modification landfills:

设备改造，填埋

Biodegradable solvents:

可生物降解溶剂

Volatile chemicals:

挥发性化学品

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Management commitment:

管理层的承诺

Unit 5 (P.34)

1 Put the following words or phrase into Chinese.

primary pollutant

一次大气污染物

secondary pollutant

二次大气污染物

air stagnation

空气流动停滞，大气停滞

nitrous oxide

一氧化二氮

(N2O)

nitric oxide

一氧化氮

(NO)

nitrogen dioxide

二氧化氮

(NO2)

soot

煤烟

dust

灰尘

smog

烟雾

ozone

臭氧

herbicide

除草剂

pesticide

杀虫剂

/

农药

2 Put the following into English.

正常浓度

normal concentration

严重污染的

serious polluted / heavily polluted

决定因素

determining factor

光化学氧化物

photochemical oxidant

液体微滴

liquid droplet

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放射性物质

radioactive substance

不完全氧化

incomplete oxidization / incomplete combustion

含硫的

sulfur-containing

风化

wind erosion / weathering

汽车尾气

automobile exhaust

Unit 6 (P.40)

1 Put the following into Chinese

(1) The most severe sequence of CO

2

induced global warning would be melting of the

polar

ice-caps and the subsequent rise of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains.

由

CO

2

所 引起的全球变暖的最严重后果是极地冰帽的熔化，以及随之而来的海

平面上升所

引发的沿海平原的洪水。

(2) Although global warming from the already elevated levels of atmospheric CO

2

has

been

predicted by most climatic models, such a warming has not been empirically observed.

CO

2

浓度的增加将引起全球变暖，但对于

这样的气候

变暖还没有实证观察过。

(3) Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate, they

unfortunately

coincide with increased industrialization and pollution.

尽管这些资料表明了平均地面温度和气候的趋势，但不幸的是，恰恰遇上了这

段 时期内日益

增强的工业化和污染。

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2 Put the following into English.

温室效应

effect of greenhouse

由二氧化碳引起的

caused by CO

2

世界碳预算

world carbon budget

天气的自然波动

natural fluctuations in climate

全球变暖

global warming

厌氧的

anaerobic

甲烷

methane

臭氧层

ozonosphere

气候模型

climatic models

腐烂

decay

Unit 7 (P.47)

3 Put the following into English.

出口

outlet

多管高效旋风分离器

multitube high-efficiency cyclone

合成纤维

synthetic fabric

捕集效率

collection efficiency

机械洗涤

mechanical scrubbing

压力降

pressure drop

焚化炉

incinerator

气体离子

gas ion

捕集板

collection surface

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谢谢

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