-
Analysis of management information
system
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses the history of the
development of management information
systems , and management information
system role , function and structure model .
Outlines the management information
system on the impact and importance of social
enterprises and development process .
Simple analysis of the future trend of
development , and management
information systems of management information
systems are increasingly transforming
our work and lifestyle .
Keywords
:
MIS case studies the MIS
impact MIS development process
1 Introduction
1.1 Management Information System
Introduction
Management
Information Systems Management Information System
MIS
( Management Information Systems
referred to MIS is an evolving new disciplines
the MIS definition are constantly
updated with the progress of computer technology
and communication technology , at this
stage generally considered by human and
computer equipment or other information
processing means and used for management
information system .
Five
aspects of the management information by the
information acquisition ,
information
transmission, information storage , information
processing , information
maintenance
and use of the information . Sound management
information system MIS
has the
following four criteria: determine the information
needs of information can be
collected
and can be processed by the program provides
managers with information,
information
management . Database with unified planning MIS
important sign of
maturity , it
symbolizes the Management Information System MIS
software
engineering product management
information system MIS is a cross- discipline ,
part
of : computer science ( network
communications, database, computer language ) ,
mathematics ( statistics , operations
research , linear programming , management,
simulation ) and other subjects .
Information is a very important resource in the
management , the success or failure of
management depends on the ability to make
effective decisions , the correct
decision depends largely on the quality of
information
too . So whether the
effective management of information has become the
most
important issue , management
information system MIS increasingly gained
popularity
in the modern society,
stress management , emphasis on information .
Management
information system in the
modernization of management plays give enough
light
weight . Not only is it an
effective way to modernize management , at the
same time ,
also contributed to the
process of modernization of enterprise management
.
1.2 Management
Information System Overview
20th
century, with the rapid development of the global
economy , many
economists have proposed
a new theory of management . In the 1950s , Simon
asked
the management relies on the idea
of information and decision-making . The same
period Wiener cybernetics , he thinks
management is a process . In 1958, Gail wrote:
better control of this
period, the computer begins for accounting , data
processing
term .
1970 ,
Walter an , the term management information system
to just
under a definition:
outside personnel past, present , and
predict the future information about the
enterprise and its environment , in
order to help them make decisions .
definition emphasizes the use of
information to support decision-making , but did
not
emphasize the application model, no
mention of computer applications .
In 1985, the founder of the management
information system , the University of
Minnesota professor of management at
Gordon to the management
information
system with a more complete definition of
system is a computer hardware and
software resources , manual work, analysis , plan
control and decision-making model and
database man - machine system can provide
information to support the operation
and management of the business or organization
and decision-making functions .
objectives of the management
information system , functions and composition ,
but
also reflects the management
information system in the level reached at the
time .
Management information system
was initially applied to the most basic work ,
such as print statements , calculation
of wages , personnel management , and further
the development of corporate financial
management , inventory management , and
individual business management , which
is a system of electronic data processing
( EDP Electronic Date Processing ) .
When the establishment of the enterprise
database , a computer network so as to
achieve data sharing , the departure from the
system point of view , the
implementation of the global planning and design
of system
information , reached the
stage of the management information system . With
the
advances in computer technology and
people to further improve the system
requirements , a greater emphasis on
management information systems can support
the decision-making of this feature of
the corporate senior leadership , is more
focused on the collection of
information outside the enterprise , integrated
database ,
model base , method library
and other artificial intelligence based on the
ability for
policy makers , which is
the task of the decision support system ( DSS ,
Decision
Support system ) . End of the
1970s , a small number of companies began to
topical
application of MIS , at
present, China has become quite common , its scope
of
application covering almost every
industry and sector , with a wide range of future
development .
1.3 Management information
1.3.1 Management information is a very
important resource
For businesses,
people , materials , energy , capital ,
information important
resources .
People , materials, energy , capital , these are
visible tangible resources,
and
information is an intangible resources . People
pay more attention tangible
resources ,
access to the information society and knowledge
economy era ,
information resources is
becoming increasingly important . Because
information
resources determine how to
make more effective use of material resources .
Information resources is the
crystallization of knowledge derived from the
struggle of
human beings and nature ,
master of information resources , you can make
better use
of physical resources , the
physical resources to maximize the benefit .
1.3.2 Management information base
decisions
Decision-making by objective
circumstances , the objective external
circumstances , the external case , the
understanding of the internal situation in order
to make the right judgments and
decisions . Therefore , decision-making and have a
very close relationship . Some rule of
thumb or racking our brains kind of decision -
making is often caused by the decision-
making mistakes , and now more and more
clear information is the basis for
decision-making .
1.3.3 Management
information is the basis for administrative
control
In the management control
information to control the entire process of
production , the operation of the
service process , also rely on the feedback of
information to constantly correct the
existing scheme , rely on the management
information to implement control .
There are a lot of things can not be well
controlled,
its root cause is not a
good grasp of comprehensive information .
1.3.4 Management information contact
outside the organization link
Contact
with the outside world the link between the
various functional
departments of
internal information to communicate with each
other . Therefore, to
communicate with
the contact of the various departments , so that
the whole
enterprise is able to
coordinate the work necessary to rely on the
information .
Therefore, it is a link,
both within and outside the organization to
communicate
information it is
impossible to communicate well both inside and
outside of the
contact and in unison to
work together .
1.4
Management Information System Definition
By this figure , we can see that the
management information system is a
man-
machine system , the machine includes computer
hardware and software ( the
software
includes business information systems , knowledge
work systems ,
decision-making and
Executive Support System) , a variety of office
machinery and
telecommunications
equipment personnel including high-level
decision makers, mid
- level functions
and grass-roots business people , man-machine
system by these
people and machines to
form a harmonious act in harmony .
So ,
some people say that the management information
system is a technical
system , it was
said management information system is a social
system , the reason we
said above , we
say that the management information system is a
social system, and
then a social and
technical system . System designers should be very
good analysis of
what more appropriate
to the computer to do , what to do more
appropriate , how to
contact people and
machines , to give full play to their respective
strengths of humans
and machines .
There is also a computer - based management
information system
( computer - based )
say , is to give full play to the role of the
computer information
systems . In order
to design good system , system designers must not
only know how
to computers, and want to
know how to analyze .
We say that the
management information system is an integrated
system or
integrated system , This
means that the management information system for
enterprise
information management is a
departure from the overall , comprehensive
consideration , to ensure that the
various functional departments to share data ,
reduce
data redundancy to ensure data
compatibility and consistency. Strictly speaking,
only
the information of the centralized
and unified information to enterprise resources .
Data integration does not limit the
individual functional subsystems can save its own
dedicated data integration in order to
ensure , first of all have a global system plan ,
every little system implementation
under the guidance of the master plan . Secondly,
through a standard outline and
procedures to achieve system integration . So that
data
and programs to meet the
requirements of the plurality of users of the
equipment of
the system should also be
compatible with each other , even in the case of
distributed
systems and distributed
database , ensure data consistency is also very
important .
Database with centralized
and unified planning is an important sign of
maturity of the
management information
system , it symbolizes see Department of
Management
Information Midi design and
build , it marks the information has to be
concentrated
into shared resources for
a variety of users . Databases have their own
full-featured
database management
system manages data organization , data entry,
data access ,
data for a variety of
user services .
Management information
system is a computer application system to provide
the
necessary information for the
organization of the middle-level management
oversight
and control of the business
activities , the efficient allocation of resources
, which
mainly use the TPS data
collected to generate the required system of
management
planning and control
business activities . It is an emerging science ,
whose main task
is to maximize the use
of modern computer and network communication
technology
to strengthen the enterprise
information management , investigate and
understand
human, material and
financial resources , equipment , technology and
other resources
owned by enterprises ,
the establishment of data processing and the
preparation of a
variety of information
in a timely manner available to management, for
the right
decisions , and constantly
improve the management level of enterprises and
economic
benefits . At present, the
computer network has become an important means of
technological transformation of
enterprises and improve enterprise management
level .
2
Management Information System
2.1
Management Information System
characteristics