-
联合国人类发展报告中国部分（
2007-2008
）中英文对照词汇表
/
李长栓
星期三
, 10/14/2009 - 08:47
—
李长栓
an urban
minimum living security subsidy
system
（城镇）最低生活保障制度
（公共就业服务）满意度
/
主观感受
Public’s
perceptions of employment services
（基本公共服务均等化政策目标的）核心
The thrust of…
（民间）社会组织
Civil
society organizations
“
吃饭
”
财政（财政收入用于发工资）
the revenues barely meet staff salaries
/
Financial capacities sketch just far
enough to
区别与
“
公共财
政
”public finance
，
财政收入用于提
cover payrolls/
“payroll” finance
供公共服务）
建设财政（
construction
finance
，财政收入用于
建设）
“
大包大揽
”
的基本公共服务供给
the
Government was the sole supplier of
basic public services/monopoly supply
of
public services
“
< br>非重点
”
学校
“non
-
key”
schools
“
劳动者自主择业、
市场调节就业、政府促进就业
”
labourers selecting their jobs on their
own,
markets regulating employment
demand and
supply, and the Government
promoting
employment
“
以人为本
”
的发展观
people-based development
approach
“
正式工
”
和
“
临时工
”
a “regular worker” and a
“temporary worker”
“
< br>重点
”
学校
“key” schools
《残疾人就业条例》
Rules
on the Employment of Disabled
Persons
《关于全面推进零就业家庭援助工作的通知》
Notice on Comprehensively Promoting
Assistance to Zero-Employment Families
《国家八七扶贫攻坚计划》
the
8-7 National Plan for Priority Poverty
Reduction
《国家教育督导报告
2005
》
The
National Education Inspection Report
2005
《国营企业职工待业保险暂行规定》
The Temporary Provisions on Laid-off
Insurance for (State-owned Enterprises)
Employees
《全民所有制工业企业转换经营机制条例》
Regulations on Transforming the
Operating
Mechanism of Industrial
Enterprises Owned
by the Whole People
《失业保险条例》
Provisions on Laid-off Insurance for
(State-owned Enterprises) Employees
《医药行业
十一五
<
/p>
发展指导意见》
“Guiding
Policies for the Development of the
Medicine Industry in the 11th Five-Year
Plan
Period”
《职业介绍暂行规定》
Interim Rules on the Employment Service
《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问
题的决定》<
/p>
Decision on “Several
Important Issues in
Constructing of a
Socialist Harmonious
Society”
《中共中央关于完
善社会主义市场经济体制若干问
题的决定》
Decision of the Central Committee of
the
Communist Party of China on “Some
Issues
Concerning the Improvement of
the Socialist
Market
Economy”
《中国妇女发展纲要》
Outline Programme for Development of
Chinese Women
《中国统计年鉴》
China
Statistical Yearbook
《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第
十一个五
年（
2006-2010
年规
划纲要）》
the Outline of
Eleventh Five-Year (2006
2010) Plan of
the People’s Republic of China
for
National Economic and Social
Development
《中华人民共和国劳动法》
Labour La
w of the People’s
Republic of China
…
< br>是在
…
的过程中实现的
/
在
…
的背景下发生的
… coincide with… / progress has
occurred
alongside…
< br>2001
年
-2005
年的《中
国教育经费统计年鉴》
China Education
Finance Statistics
2001-2005
2006
年公共就业服务满意度调查
a 2006 survey on the Chinese public’s
perceptions of employment services
三级
……
网
A three tiered network
集体公益金
collective
public welfare fund
就业是人类发展的一个重要维度，不仅是人
们收入
Employment is key to human
development
的来源，也关系到人的尊严，是社会成员赖以生存、
because people derive earnings as well as
融入社会和实现人生价值的重要途径和基本权利。
dignity from fair work opportunities.
They
open avenues for themselves to
become
productive members of society.
土地使用权
land-use
right
必须高度重视
merit full attention
考试招生制度
the
systems of examination and enrollment
按既定的部署和现行汇率计算
according to our plan and calculated
with the
current exchange rate
按收入消费高低次序以
10%
人口为一组
Successive
subsets of 10 percent of the
population
按照法律规定支付工资
entitled to wages according to the law
把经济增长视为发展的目标
taking economic growth as the end of
development
办学条件
the physical conditions of schools
(physical
infrastructure)
保护资源
conserve
resources
保留率
Retention rate
保险长期成本
Long-term
insurance costs
保险费用
Insurance premium
保障后代人的生存和发展
assure the development of future
generations
保障基本生存权、发展权
uphold subsistence rights and foster
the
development of all members of the
society
保障社会公平正义
Guarantee social justice and fairness
保障水平
The level of
benefit coverage
报销
reimbursement
比例
share; prevalence
必不可少的先决条件
essential prerequisite
必须长期坚持的重要指导思想
important guiding principle to be
followed for
a long time to come
毕业生升学率
progression rate, rate of progression
for
primary school graduates into
middle schools
边际消费
marginal consumption
边疆地区
border area
编辑委员会
Editorial
board
表明
shed
some light on the question
病床使用率
utilization
rate of hospital beds
剥夺人的可行能力
denials
of capability
不断扩大的收入差距
rapid increases in income inequality
不同所有制（国有制和集体所有制）
state ownership versus collective
财力
Finance
/fiscal position
财力基础
revenue base
财权（财权和事权统一
balance resources
and
responsibilities
）
Fiscal jurisdiction/resources
财政分权
fiscal
decentralization
财政分灶
separates financial revenues and
expenditure
财政和政策支持
financial incentives and policy support
财政可行性
financially
feasible/ feasibility
财政能力
fiscal capacity; finance capacity
财政收入
budget
revenue
财政收入丰厚的地方
With strong local revenue bases
财政投入
government
investment
财政性公共服务支出
government spending on social services
财政性教育和卫生支出绝对额
absolute amount of government spending
on
education and health care
财政支出
budget
spending
财政支农资金的稳定增长机制
a steady fund-increase mechanism for
farmers/a mechanism for steady increase
of
budget spending on agriculture
财政制度
fiscal
system
财政转移支付
fiscal transfers
财政资源
Budgetary
resources
财政资源和人力资源
Fiscal and human resources
采暖费
heating
expenses
残疾人
People with a disability
残疾调整生命年
Disability-adjusted life years (DALY)
差别费率
premium rate
differentials/differentiated
premium
差距
shortfalls;
disparities; gap
产妇护理资源短缺
the shortage of maternal care resources
产假
maternity
leave
产前检查率
prenatal check-up rate
产值
Production
value
成人识字率
adult
literacy rate
成为居民街头巷议的主要话题
be worsened to the point of becoming a
common source of discussion and concern
城乡、地区和不同社会群体之间的基本公共服务均
等化
the equalization of basic
public services
across regions and
social groups
城乡差距
widening gaps in development between
urban and rural areas / urban-rural
disparities
城乡二元的医疗保险制度
the
dual system of medical insurance
城乡二元公共服务体制
dualistic urban-rural system of basic
public
service
城乡二元体系
Dualistic
urban-rural system
城乡居民内部的收入分配差距
income inequalities among different
social
groups
城乡每千人医疗结构床位数和城
乡每千人卫生技术
人员数
the
number of urban and rural hospital beds
and medical personnel per 1000 people
城乡人均收入比
urban-
rural ratio in per capita income
城乡收入差距
Urban-
rural income gap
城乡一体的社会保障体系
an integrated national social insurance
system
城乡医疗卫生服务和城乡居民健康状况的差距
the deep gaps in health serves and
outcomes
between urban and rural areas
城乡医疗卫生体系
urban
and rural health care facilities
城乡医院对口支援
one-on-
one assistance between urban and
rural
hospitals
城乡之间、沿海和内陆之间、不同社会群体之间和
性别之间的发展差距
development
gaps between urban and rural
areas,
coastal and interior regions, genders
and population groups
城镇常住人口
Permanent
urban population
城镇户口还是农村户口
status in the Hukou system
城镇居民最低生活保障制度
Minimum Living Standard Allowance for
urban residents
城镇企业职工养老保险
pension insurance for workers in urban
enterprises
城镇社会救助制度
urban
social relief system
城镇失业保险制度
urban
unemployment insurance
城镇养老保险参保人数
the
number of urban old-age insurance
participants
城镇医疗服务体制
Urban
and rural medical service systems
城镇职工基本医疗保险、城镇居民基本医疗保险
basic medical insurance systems for
urban
workers and residents
持续快速的经济增长
Sustained and rapid economic growth
充分发挥个人能力的就业
having a fulfilling job
充分发挥自身潜力
Take
full advantage of their potentials
筹集资金
Pool fund
出身
Social origin
出生时预期寿命
Life
expectancy at birth
出生性别比
Sex ratio at birth
初中阶段毛入学率
the
gross enrolment rate in junior middle
schools
处在中等人类发展国家行列的中下游
right in the centre of the middle human
development level range
传染病控制
control
infectious diseases
传授技能
impart skills
创造了温饱的基本条件
to
provide adequate conditions for
subsistence
辍学率
drop-out rates
次级劳动力市场
informal
sector
从各个方面改善生活
positive changes can be found in
virtually all
aspects of the lives
从执行情况看
actual
execution of this mechanism
促进德、智、体全面发展的课外活动
Extracurricular educational, athletic
and
social activities to provide
students with
well-rounded development
促进和谐社会建设
Promote
the construction of a harmonious
society
促进人的全面发展
develop one’s human capacity to the
fullest
村卫生室
Village clinics
大规模的
< br>“
开发式扶贫
”
large-scale development(-based poverty
reduction) campaign
大规模的人口流动
large-
scale population movements; massive
movement of the labor force
大量农民工进入城镇
Rural-
urban migration begin to accelerate
大专
junior college
代际传递
intergenerational transmission
代际贫困传递
the
intergenerational transmission of poverty
代课教师
Substitute
teachers
带来人类发展的进步
Generate improvements in human
development
贷款贴息、税收减免和再就业补贴
discount loans, tax exemptions and
reemployment subsidies
单一的公有制被多种所有制的共同发展所取代
the dominance of public ownership has
been
incrementally replaced by multiple
forms of
ownership
但是，就象
HDI
只能评估人类发展的小部分领域而
不能评
估人类发展的全貌一样，
GDI
也只能评估性
< br>别公平的部分领域。
At the same
time, it is important to note that
the
GDI, like the HDI, only covers a small
number of important but not
comprehensive
facets of human
development and equitable
gender
development.
德智体美全面发展
are all-round achievers in moral,
intellectual,
physical and aesthetic
education
低保
minimum living security allowance
低成本劳动密集型制造业
low
wage and labor-intensive manufacturing
低可行能力
the poor
capacity to make a livelihood
低人类发展水平
low-human
development floor