兰寿(Ranchu)金鱼疾病的预防和对策

这一时期需要注意的有

< br>白点病

(Ich

）

、

烂尾病

(

tail-rot disease)

、水霉病

(Saprolegniasis)

< br>等，如果在早期发现是比较容易治愈的。

In

spring,

Ranchu

have

a

lower

immunity

when

they

wake

up

from

hibernation

without eating something. Note that this period should note enteritis caused by putting

too

much

bait

and

breeding

of

bacteria

and

protozoa

because

of

corruption

of

water

quality

. Stop

feeding

when the weather downs below 15

℃

,and

make sure there

have

no

leftover bait when the weather

is warm. During

this period ,it should be noted that

there are Ich, tail-rot disease, Saprolegniasis and

so on,

it

is

relatively easy

to cure

if

have a early detection.

B.

夏季的疾病

B

、

the summer disease

由于水温上升，兰寿的体力和活动性 都上升，免疫力也随之增高，但这是建立在饲

养水的状态保持良好的基础之上的。水温上 升致使水的腐败加快，需要通过换水保持水

质。如果在这方面疏忽大意，能引发腮病的< /p>

纤毛虫

(ciliophora)

、

鞭毛虫（

lagellate

）

(tail-rot disease)

、

白云病

(Costiasis)

也需要引起注

意。饵料不要有剩，并根据需要进行预防药浴。每天要仔细 观察，感到有异样迅速采取

对策。

As

the

water

temperature

increases,

Ranchu’

s

strength

and

activity

are

increased

,as

well

as

its

immunity

,

but

this

is

based

on

keeping

a

good

state

of

water.

It

need

to

maintain water quality by changing the water when rising water temperature accelerat

the corruption. If

this

is

inadvertent, ciliophora and

lagellate that

lead

to

gill

disease

will

breeding

in

a

large

addition,

tail-rot

disease

and

Costiasis

also

need

attention. Do not have leftover bait, and take preventive medicine bath based on need.

Observed carefully every day

, and take prompt measures when something is wrong.

C.

秋季的疾病

C

、

the autumn disease

初秋天气凉爽，是最舒适的时期，但如果疏 于管理饲养水，鱼就可能感染由

纤毛虫

(ciliophora )

和

鞭毛虫（

lagellate

）

等原虫所引发的疾病。特别是在水温较低的晚秋时期

有可能导致鱼的死亡，需要严格管理饲养水。这个时期由于秋雨降温会导致水温急剧下降，

白点病

(Ich

）

的发生。

Cool

weather

in

early

autumn

is

most

comfortablely

,

but

if

not

well

managed

the

breeding

water,

the

fish

may

be

infected

diseases

caused

by

ciliophora

and

lagellate

and other protozoa.

Especially

in the

late autumn period,

low water temperature

may

lead

fish

to

die,that

should

manage

the

breeding

water

strictly

.

During

this

period,

cooling

water temperature

in

autumn

will

lead to

a sharp decline,

it

is also

important

to prevent the happening of Ich.

D.

冬季的疾病

D

、

the winter disease

由于冬季鱼的活动性降低，导致免疫力低下 。需要注意的是

白云病

(Costiasis)

和

白点

病

(Ich

）

等。这些疾病也可以通过严格管理饲养水、进行预防药浴来防治。水池 清扫、水

质管理等维护工作，

不但能预防冬季的疾病，

其更重要的作用是防范春季疾病。

鱼再怎么不

活 动、

池底也会沉积污垢，

因此在天气温暖时要排去池底的水，< /p>

清理掉作为细菌温床的沉淀

物。

In

winter,

the

fish

activity

goes

down

that

leading

to

low

immunity

.

Be

carefule

of

Costiasis

and

Ich

and

so

on.

These

diseases

can

also

be

prevented

through

strictly

managing about breeding

water and taking preventive

medicine bath. By cleaning

the

pool,

controlling

the

water

quality

and

so

on,

not

only

can

prevent

the

disease

in

winter,

what’s

more

important

role

is

to

prevent

the

disease

in

the

spring.

Fish,

no

matter

how

inactive

in the pool

will be deposited dirt, so when

the

weather

is warm,

draining

the

bottom

water

and

cleaning

out

sediment

which

work

as

a

hotbed

of

bacteria.

E.

其他

E

、

Others

带鱼参加完研究会和品评会回来之后，

要充分进行药浴并让鱼好好休养，

注意不要从外

部引入 疾病。

After

attending

seminars

and

tasting,you

should

take

preventive

medicine

baths

for

fish to have a good rest, and be careful not to introduce the disease from the outside.

< br>⊙

在介绍兰寿的各种疾病之前，

我们先了解一下疾病之外 导致兰寿死亡的原因。

请仔细阅读

并将之运用在饲育管理上

Before

introducing

the

various

diseases

of

Ranchu,

we

should

look

at

the

other

reasons caused

Ranchu to die except

illness at

first. Please carefully

read below and

use it in the management of rearing.

死

亡形

态

窒

息致

死

中

毒致

死

营

养障

碍

< /p>

水中溶解氧浓度不足，呼吸器（鳃）不完

整

饲养密度过高，高水温，空气不足，投饵

过多导致水质急剧 恶化、骤变

死因

原因

亚硝酸（

HONO

）、

铜离子（

Cu ion

）

过多，

投饵过多导致残饵腐败，水槽 内沉淀物产

生有毒气体（换水不及时），忘记中和漂

产生硫化氢 （

H

2

S

）气 体，漂白粉中毒

白粉

维生素、矿物质缺乏，肝脏、肾脏等内脏

损伤

营养不平衡，投饵过多导致慢性内脏负担

加重

被捕食

鸟类（鹭鸶、乌鸦、伯劳 ），哺乳类（猫、

防护网、防护栅等不完整，忘了盖上盖子

黄鼠 狼、浣熊、老鼠等），蛇，水栖昆虫

等疏忽

冲

击致

死

衰

弱致

死

药

物致

死

恶

性遗

传病

冻死

灾

害事

故致死

结冰，气温急剧下降

饲养容器、器具的破损，操作不当

药 物剂量称量错

误导致神经、器官的损

伤、瘫痪

< br>

遗传性畸形和残疾，极度虚弱体质

< br>估计剂量错误（未经充分确认），治疗药

的错误使用，混入农药

< br>

致畸因子的发现，孵化环境不合适（水温

过高或过低）

防冻措施不力，异常寒流，水深不足，青

水调整不佳

饲养环境检查不足，换水时的吸入事故，

跳出容器

体力消耗，衰老

产卵事故，运输过程中不注意，寿命

外部的物理刺激

水温剧变，操作上的不注意

Death

forms

Died

of

suffocatio

n

Death

reason

Lack

of

dissolved

oxygen

high

Feeding

density

,

high

concentration

in

water,

breathing

temperature,

insufficient

air,

feeding

apparatus (gills) is not complete

too

much

leading

to

a

sharp

deterioration

in

water quality

, sudden

change

Poisoning

HONO,Cuion

too

much,

Feeding

too

much

bait

led

to

nutritiona

l

disturban

ce

Be

Preyed

producing

hydrogen

sulfide

corruption

the

sediment

in

the

tank

(H2S)

gas,

bleaching

powder

produce

toxic

gases

(water

exchange

poisoning

is

not

timely),forget

neutralize bieaching powder

Lack

of

Vitamins

and

minerals,

Nutritional

imbalance,

feeding

too

sick

of

liver,

kidney

and

other

much

lead

to

chronic

visceral

over

visceral

burden

Birds

(egrets,

crow,

shrike),

mammals

(cats,

weasels,

raccoons,

mice,

etc.),

snakes,

aquatic insects,

Died

of

External physical stimulation

impacting

Debilitati

Physical exertion, aging

ng death

drug

Weighing

errors

in

dosage

led

to

fatality

damage,

paralysis

in

nerve

and

organ

Malignan

Genetic

deformities

and

t

genetic

disabilities,

extreme

physical

diseases

weakness

die

of

Ice,

the

temperature

dropped

cold

sharply

Protective

net,

protective

grid,

which

do

not

complete,

forgot

to

cover

the

lid and other negligence

Drastic changes

in water temperature,

not pay attention to operating

Spawning

accidents,

not

carefully

during transportation ,life

Estimated dose error (without the

full

recognition),

misuse

of

drug,

mixed

with pesticides

Teratogenic

factors

,inappropriate

environment

(water

temperature

is

too high or too low)

inadequate

Antifreeze

measures,

unusual cold, lower water depth, poor

adjustment of green water

Died

of

Damage

of

Feeding

containers,

inadequate

inspection

of

rearing

disasters

apparatus, improper operation

environment,

the

inhalation

accident

and

when

changing

water,

out

of

the

accidents

container

3

）盐水浴

3)saline bath

盐水浴是调节兰寿健康状态的有 效方法，

如果在发病初期，

即使不使用药物也能够治愈