-
在线学
英语
体验请<
/p>
申请
：
/ielts/
< br>
洛
基
英
语
，
中
国
在
线
英
语
教
育
领
导
品
牌
Part II
?
Reading Comprehension (35
minutes)
??
Directions: There are 4
passages in this Part. Each passage is followed by
some
questions or Unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked
A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding
letter on the Answer
Sheet with a single line through the centre.
??
Passage One
??
Questions 21
to 25 are based on the following passage.
??（这是一篇报道性的科普文章
，文章的主题是气候变化对人类生存的影响。
阅读难度较大。
）
When global warming finally came, it
stuck with a vengeance
(
异乎寻常地
). In some
regions, temperatures rose several
degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up
nearly
400
feet,
flooding
coastal
settlements
and
forcing
people
to
migrate
inland.
Deserts
spread
throughout
the
world
as
vegetation
shifted
drastically
in
North
America, Europe and
Asia. After driving many
of the animals
around them
to
near
extinction,
people
were
forced
to
abandon
their
old
way
of
life
for
a
radically
new
survival
strategy
that
resulted
in
widespread
starvation
and
disease.
The
adaptation
was farming: the
global-warming crisis that gave rise to it
happened more than l0,000
years ago.
??
As
environmentalists convene in rio de Janeiro this
week to ponder the global
climate of
the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a
revolution in understanding
how
climate
has
changed
in
the
past
--and
how
those
changes
have
transformed
human existence. Researchers have begun
to piece together an illuminating picture of
the
powerful
geo1ogical
and
astronomical
forces
that
have
combined
to
change
the
planet
’
s
environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back
again over a time Period
stretching
back hundreds of millions of years.
??
Most
important, scientists are beginning to realize
that the climatic changes have
had
a
major
impact
on
the
evolution
of
the
human
species.
New
research
now
suggests that climate shifts have
played a key role in nearly every significant
turning
point in human evolution: from
the dawn of Primates (
灵长类动物
)
some 65 million
years ago to human
ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the
huge expansion
of the human brain to
the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history
has not been
merely
touched
by
global
climate
change,
some
scientists
argue,
it
has
in
some
instances been driven
by it.
??
The
new
research
has
profound
implications
for
the
environmental
summit
in
Rio.
Among
other
things,
the
findings
demonstrate
that
dramatic
climate
change
is
nothing
new
for
planet
Earth.
The
benign
(
宜人的
)
global
environment
that
has
existed
over the past l0,000years - during which
agriculture, writing, cities and most
other features of civilization appeared
-- is a mere bright spot in a much large pattern
of widely varying climate over the
ages. In fact the pattern of climate change in the
past reveals that
Earth
’
s climate will almost
certainly go through dramatic changes in
在线学
英语
体验请
申请
：
/ielts/
the future -- even
without the influence of human activity
?
?
2l.
Farming
emerged
as
a
survival
strategy
because
man
had
been
obliged____________ .
??
A) to give up
his former way of life
??
B) to leave the coastal
areas.
??
C) to follow the ever-
shifting vegetation
??
D) to abandon his original
settlement.
??答
案为?
A)
?
??事实细节题。见第一段的倒数第二句话
After
driving
many
of
the
animals
around them to near extinction, people
were forced to abandon their old way of life
for a radically new survival strategy
that resulted in widespread starvation and
disease.
在使周围的动物濒临灭绝之后，
人们被迫放
弃旧有的生活方式，
采取一种全新的
生活策略，
这导致了大范围的饥荒和疾博?
22. Earth
scientists have come to understand that
climate____________ .
??
A) is going trough a
fundamental change
??
B) has been getting warmer
for l0, 000 years
??
C) will eventually change
from hot to cold.
??
D) has gone through
Periodical changes
??答案为?
D)
?
??事实细节题。
见第二段的第二句话
Researchers have begun to
piece together an
illuminating
picture
of
the
powerful
geological
and
astronomical
forces
that
have
combined to change the pl
anet
’
s environment from hot
to cold, wet to dry and back
again over
a time period stretching back hundreds of millions
of years.
?研究人员拚
凑起一辐具有启示意义的图画
，
揭示出正是地质和天文的巨大力量结合在
< br>一起，
在过去的几百万年中使地球的环境由热到冷、
由潮
湿到干燥，
周而复始地发生变
化。
??
23. Scientists believe
that human evolution____________ .
??
A) has seldom
been accompanied by climatic changes
??
B) has exerted
little influence on climatic changes
??
C) has large1y
been effected by climatic changes
??
D) has had a
major impact on climatic changes
??答案为
C)
?
??主旨题。本文的主题是气候变化对人类生存的影响。在第二段的开头即
提
出了会议的内容，提到了“
those
changes have transformed human existence
”
；第
三段的第一句话重申了这个主题，
说
“
the climatic changes
have had a m ajor impact
on the
evolution of the human species
”
< br>，这句话倒过来即是本题题干加
上选项
C
）
的意思。
??
24. Evidence of past
climatic changes indicates that___________ .
?
?
A) human activities have
accelerated changes of
Earth
’
s environment
?
?
B)
Earth
’
s environment will
remain mild despite human interference
?
?
C)
Earth
’
s climate is bound to
change significantly in the future
??
D)
Earth
’
s climate is unlikely
to undergo substantial changes in the future
??答案为
C
）
??事实细节题。文章的最后一句话说“过去气候变化的模式说明，即使没有
在线学
英语
体验请
申请
：
/iel
ts/
人类活动的影响，将来地球
上的气候也几乎肯定会经历巨大的变化”
，
C
< br>）是本
句后面部分
的同义再现。?
??
25. The
message the author wishes to convey in the passage
is that___________ .
??
A) human civilization
remains glorious though it is affected by climatic
changes
??
B) mankind is virtually
helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of
climate
??
C) man has to limit his
activities to slow down the global warming process
??
D)
human civilization will continue to develop in
spite of the changes of nature
??答案为
D)
??逻辑推断题。解题的线索在第
三段的最后一句话：
Indeed, the human history
has not been merely touched by global
climate change, some scientists ague, it has in
some instances been driven by
it.
?
的确，
人类的历史不仅仅受到全球气候变化一
些影响。
科学家们认
为，
在有些情况下，
正是
气候变化推动了人类历史的发展。
??
21.
A
??
22.
D
?
?
23.
C
??
24. C
??
25. B
??
Passage two
??
Questions 26 to 30 are
based on the following passage.
??这是一篇关于社会问题的议论文，对当今人们一味追求的
变瘦（
thinness
）
的趋向，作
者先将其作了历史的对比，
之后分析了其原因，最后提出文章
的主
题：我们不应该过于看重体重，而要重视整体的健康。
??
No
woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying
often attributed to the late
Duchess
(
公爵夫人
)
of
Windsor
embodies
much
of
the
odd
spirit
of
our
times.
Being thin is deemed as such virtue.
??
The Problem with such a
view is that some people actually attempt to live
by it. I
myself have fantasies of
slipping into narrow designer clothes.
Consequently, I have
been on a diet for
the better -- or worse -- part of my life. Being
rich wouldn
’
t be bad
either,
but
that
won
’
t
happen
unless
an
unknown
relative
dies
suddenly
in
some
distant land, leaving
me millions of dollars.
??
Where did we go off the
track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a
little
bit of extra flesh unappealing,
if not repellent? All religions have certain days
when
People refrain from eating, and
excessive eating is one of
Christianity
’
s seven deadly
sins. However until quite recently,
most People had a problem getting enough to eat.
In some religious groups, Wealth was a
symbol of probable salvation and high morals,
and fatness a sign of wealth and well-
being.
??
Today
the
Opposite
is
true.
We
have
shifted
to
thinness
as
our
new
mark
of
virtue.
The
result
is
that
being
fat
--
or
even
only
somewhat
overweight
--
is
bad
because it implies a lack of moral
strength.
??
Our obsession
(
迷恋
) with thinness is also
fueled by health concerns. It is true
that
in
this
country
we
have
more
overweight
people
than
ever
before,
and
that,
in
many
cases,
being
over
weight correlates
with
an increased risk of heart and
blood
vessel disease. These diseases,
however, may have as much to do with our way of
life
and our high-fat diets as with
excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer
in the
digestive system may be more of
a dietary problem -- too much fat and a lack of
fiber
在线学
英语
体验请
申请
：
/ielt
s/
-- than a
weight problem.
??
The
real
concern,
then,
is
not
that
we
weigh
too
much,
but
that
we
neither
exercise enough nor
eat
well. Exercise is necessary for
strong bones and both heart
and
lung
health.
A
balanced
diet
without
a
lot
of
fat
can
also
help
the
body
avoid
many
diseases.
We
should
surely
stop
-paying
so
much
attention
to&nbs
p;weight.
Simply being thin is not enough. It is
actually hazardous if those who get (or already
are) thin think they are automatically
healthy and thus free from paying attention to
their overall life-style. Thinness can
be pure vainglory (
虚荣
).
??
26. In the eyes of the
author an odd phenomenon nowadays is that
___________ .
??
A) the Duchess of Windsor
is regarded as a woman of virtue
??
B) looking
slim is a symbol of having a large fortune
??
C)
being thin is viewed as a much desired quality
??
D)
religious people are not necessarily virtuous
??答案为
C)
??事实细节题。第一段第二句话中的“
odd
spirit
”指的就是下面的一句话
“
Being thin is deemed as
such a virtue
”
。选项
C
）中的
viewed
与句中的
deemed
均指
th
ought
之意；
desired quality
恰恰就是
virtue
的解释。
< br>
?
27. Swept by
the prevailing trend, the author ___________ .
??
A)
had to go on a diet for the greater part of her
life
??
B) could still prevent
herself from going off the track
??
C) had to seek
help from rich distant relatives
??
D) had to wear
highly fashionable clothes
?
答案为
A)
?
事实细
节题。
参见第二段的第三句话
Consequently, I
have been on a diet for the
better - or
worse - part of my
life
，在这里的
the better part
相当于
the greater
part
，
不要被破折号后面的
or
worse
?所误导，此处是作者玩的一个文字游戏。
当然
本题也可用排除法
。
??
28. In human history
people
’
s views on body
weight ___________ .
??
A) were closely related to
their religious beliefs
??
B) changed from time to
time
??
C) varied between the poor
and the rich
??
D) led to different moral
standards
??答案为
B)
?
?
逻辑推
断题。通篇都在讲述人们对体型胖瘦态度随时间变化的不同。
?
（此题
大部分六级辅导用书认为答案应为
A
）
?
29. The author criticizes
women
’
s obsession with
thinness___________ .
??
A) from an economic and
educational perspective
??
B) from sociological and
medical points of view
??
C) from a historical and
religious standpoint
??
D) in the light of moral
principles
??答案为
B)
??主旨大意题。本题考察学生对文章结构把握的能力。
?
30.
What
’
s
the
author
’
s
advice
to
women
who
are
absorbed
in
the
idea
of
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
上一篇：科普文章翻译
下一篇：雅思task1句型总结