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《解放宣言》
公元<
/p>
1862
年
9
月
22
日
2
合众
国总统曾发布一项宣言,包括以下内容,即:
从公元
1863
年
1
月
1
日起,任何一州或州内标明地区的人仍把他人作为奴隶,将视为
p>
背叛联邦政府,
所有被当作奴隶的人从即日起,
将会获得永久自由;
联邦执政府,
包括陆军,
海军当局,
将认可和保卫这些人的自由,
对这样的群
体或单独一人为获得实在的自由而做的
任何努力,将不采取单一行动或联合行动去压制。
自
1863
年
1
月
1
日起
,政府将依据宣言明确哪一州或州内某地区的人们分别背叛联邦
政府。
< br>以事实为判断依据,
从即日起,
任何一州和它的人民都要
由有选举资格的大多数人投
票选出他们信任的代表,
参加合众国
的国会。
如无明显的抵制证据,
则可确认该州及州内人
民无背叛联邦政府的迹象。
为此,我,亚伯拉
罕·林肯·合众国的总统,以合众国陆海军总司令的权威,在发生背
叛联邦政府和权威的
事实之时,
作为适当和必要的手段估,
对叛乱进行了武力镇压。
值此公
元
1863
年
1
月
1
日,距离为平叛目的而公开发表宣言的时间整整一百天的时候,我明确宣
布以下各州和州
内部分地区以及那里的人们背叛了联邦政府,这就是:
阿肯色州、得克萨斯
州、路易斯安那
州(圣伯纳德、普拉克明斯、杰斐逊、圣约翰、
圣查尔斯、圣詹姆斯、阿森松、阿桑普申
、特勒博恩、拉富什、圣马丁和奥尔良、包括新奥
尔良城,以上教区除外)
、密西西比州、亚拉巴马州、佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、南罗莱纳州、
北卡罗莱
纳州、弗吉尼亚州、
(标明为西弗吉尼亚的
48
个县,还有伯克利县、阿康玛克县、
北安普顿县、伊丽莎白市、约克、安公主、
诺福克、包括诺福克市、和普茨茅斯市,以上地
区除外)――这些地区,不包括除外的地
区,目前看来完全保持宣言颁布前的状态。
以权力的效能和前
述的意图,我命令和宣告,前述标明的各州和某些州的部分地区被
作为奴隶的人,从即日起,将会获得自由;合众国执政府,包括陆军和海军当局,将从可及
< br>保卫前述之人的自由。
在此我要特别告诫已宣布获得自
由的人民,
要戒绝所有暴力,
除非出于自卫的必要;
我
还劝告他们,在所有正常情况下,要为获得公平的薪水付出诚实的劳动。
我进一步宣告,
让人民家喻户晓,<
/p>
符合条件的人将接纳进入联邦军队服役,
去保卫炮台、
车站和其他地方,也可以在各种舰船上服役。
对
于这一行动,
我衷心地相信是一个正义之举,
是宪法授权的军事
措施,
我祈求人类对
此行动做出慎重的裁断,祈求万能的上帝给
予慈祥的恩惠。
因而,为此我抬起手,盖上合众国的大印。于
华盛顿,公元
1863
年
1
月
1
日,美利坚
合众国独
立八十七年。
总统:亚伯拉罕·林肯
国务卿
:威廉·
Η
·西华德
The Emancipation Proclamation
Whereas,
on
the
twenty-second
day
of
September
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, a
proclamation was issued by the President of
the United States, containing, among
other things, the following, to wit:
That
on
the
first
day
of
January,
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
one
thousand
eight
hundred and sixty-
three, all persons held as slaves within any
State, or designated part
of a State,
the people where of shall then be in rebellion
against the United State, shall
be
then, thenceforward, and forever free: and the
Executive Government of the United
States, including the military and
naval authority thereof, will recognize and
maintain
the freedom of such persons,
and will do no acts to repress such persons, or
any of
them, in any efforts they may
make for their actual freedom.
That the
Executive will, on the first day of January
aforesaid, by proclamation,
designate
the
States
and
parts
of
the
States,
if
any,
in
which
the
people
thereof
respectively shall then be in rebellion
against the United States; and the fact that any
State,
or
the
people
thereof,
shall
on
that
day
be
in
good
faith
represented
in
the
Congress
of
the
United
Stated
by
members
chosen
thereto
at
elections
wherein
a
majority
of
the
qualified
voters
of
such
State
shall
have
participated,
shall
in
the
absence if
strong countervailing testimony be deemed
conclusive evidence that such
State and
the people thereof are not then in rebellion
against the United States.
Now,
therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the
United States, by virtue of
the power
in me vested as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and
Navy of the United
States, in time of
actual armed rebellion against the authority and
the government of
the
United
Sates,
and
as
a
fit
and
necessary
war
measure
for
suppressing
said
rebellion, do on this first day of
January, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight
hundred
and
sixty-three,
and
in
accordance
with
my
purpose
so
to
do,
publicly
proclaimed for the
full period of 100 days from the day first above
mentioned, order
and designate as the
States and parts of States wherein the people
thereof, respectively,
are this day in
rebellion against the United States, the following
to wit:
Arkansas,
Texas,
Louisiana
(except
the
parishes
of
St.
Bernard,
Plaquemines,
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