太阳能专业词汇

Photovoltaics glossary

太阳能光伏英语词汇

(2008/11/01 14:25)

（引用地

提供）

目录：

公司

动态

浏览字体

：

大

中

小

AC

交流电

Alternating current

Amorphous

silicon solar cell

非晶硅太阳能电池

Thin- film solar cells are

usually

produced by evaporating several

semi-conductor films

onto a

so-called

Ampè

re

安培

Unit indicating the strength of electric current

Assembling system

集成系统

System to install

solar modules on roofs, fa?

ades

or in

the field.

Azimuth angle

方位角

Describes the

deviation from the South

towards East-western direction

Building-integrated

PV (BIPV)

Used

to

describe a

structure where

PV replaces conventional materials and is integrated

into

the building. Typically, a photovoltaic array

is

incorporated

into

the roof or walls of a building. Roof tiles

with integrated

PV cells can

now

be purchased.

Arrays can also

be retrofitted int

o ex

isting buildings; in this case

they

are usually fitted on top of the ex

isting roof structure. Alternatively, an array can be located

separately from the

building

but connected by cable

to

supply

power for the

building.

By-pass

diode

旁路二极管

Conducts

the electricity automatically

past a module in case it is shadowed

in

one series. This is supposed to prevent any destruction

due

to

overheating.

Circuit

电路

A system of conductors that convey electricity.

CdTe

solar cell

碲化镉太阳能电池

Thin-film solar cell made of very thin CdTe semi-conductor films (< 3 microns)

CIS solar cell

Thin-film solar cell made of several films of differently

doped copper- indium-diselenide

Circuit breaker

断路开关

A safety device that shuts off power when it senses too much current.

Combiner

box

和路箱

Where the electrical

wiring from the

PV modules is joined together

in parallel

to combine electrical currents.

Conductor

导体

A material

that is

used to convey electricity, i.e.

wires.

Conversion efficiency

转换效率

The percentage of electricity that

is created

by a

solar cell as compared to the amount

of energy needed

to

generate that electricity.

Current

电流

The flow

of electricity

between

two

points. Measured

in amps.

DC

直流电

Direct current

Energetic amortization period

能量偿还期

Period

of time a photovoltaic system requires to produce the energy required for production.

Efficiency

功率

The ratio

of output energy to input energy.

Electrical grid

电网

A large

distribution

network that

delivers electricity over a

wide area.

Electrode

电极

A conductor used to lead current into or out

of a nonmetallic part

of a circuit.

Energy

能量

Usable power. Measured in kWh.

Energy audit

能量审核

A process that

determines

how much energy you use in

your

house or apartment.

Energy yield

能量输出

Electric energy

indicated

in

kWh

yielded by a photovoltaic

system

ENS

Equipment to control

the grid

with attributed all-pole control element

in series. The ENS

includes a redundant

voltage and frequency control

of the electricity

grid and evaluates any

leaps ascertained

in

the

grid

impedance. If the set limits are exceeded, the ENS

will switch off the inverter. When the line voltage is

re- established, the inverter will restart

operation automatically.

European efficiency rate

Weighted efficiency rate

is calculated

by

weighting

different

partial load efficiency rates and the full

-load efficiency rate

in

line

with

the frequency of their

appearance.

Facade

system

正面系统

Photovoltaic

system installed

on the facade of a building or an integral

part

of a facad

e.

Feed-in meter

输入计

Measuring instrument for the supply

of electric energy into the

public

power

grid (unit in kWh) Mismatching interconnection o

f better and worse modules

in

one

string as a consequence of which the

worst module of one

series determines

the electricity.

Field

system

野外系统

Photovoltaic

system installed

in a field

Flat-roof system

平台屋顶系统

Photovoltaic

system installed

on a flat roof.

Fossil fuels

矿物燃料

Fuels

that are formed

underground from the remains

of dead

plants and animals. i.e. oil,

natural gas, and coal are fossil fuels.

Global radiation

总辐射

Sum of diffuse, direct and reflected

solar radiation

onto a horizontal

surface.

Greenhouse effect

温室效应

When

heat from the sun becomes

trapped in

the

Earth's atmosphere

due to certain gases.

Greenhouse gases

温室气体

The gases responsible for trapping heat from the

sun

within the Earth's atmosphere. i.e. water vapor, carbon diox

ide, methane, ozone, chlorofluorocarbons, and

nitrogen

oxides.

Grid

电网

A distribution network, including towers, poles, and

wires

that a

utility

uses to

deliver electricity.

Grid-connected

PV system

并网光伏系统

When

the electricity grid is available

but electricity from a clean source (solar) is

desired, solar panels can

be connected to the grid. Provided that sufficient

panels are

placed,

the appliances in the house/building

will then run on solar electricity. A

grid

-connected

solar electricity

system basically consists of one

or

more solar

panels, an

inverter, cables, the electric load and a support structure

to mount the

solar

panels.