the-only-thing-we-have-to-fear-is-fear-itself(带译文和背景)

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the only thing we have to fear is fear itself

< br>富兰克林?德拉诺?罗斯福出生于纽约，曾就读于哈佛大学和哥伦比亚大学。

19 1

0

年任纽约州参议员。

1913

年任海军部副部长。

1921

年因患脊髓灰 质炎致残。

1

928

年任纽约州长。< /p>

1932

年竞选总统获胜。执政后，以“新政”对付经济危机，< /p>

颇有成效，故获得

1936

年、

1940

年、

1944

年大选连任。第二次世界大战初，美

国采取不介入政策，但对希特勒采取强硬手段，以“ 租借法”支持同盟国。

194

1

年底， 美国参战。罗斯福代表美国两次参加同盟国“三巨头”会议。罗斯福政

府提出了轴心国必 须无条件投降的原则并得到了实施。

罗斯福提出了建立联合国

的 构想，也得到了实施。

63

岁时由于脑溢血去世。

在罗斯福首次履任总统的

1933

年初，正值经济大萧 条的风暴席卷美国的

时候，到处是失业、破产、倒闭、暴跌，到处可见美国的痛苦、恐惧 和绝望。罗

斯福却表现出一种压倒一切的自信，他在宣誓就职时发表了一篇富有激情的演

说，告诉人们：我们惟一害怕的就是害怕本身。在

1933

年

3

月

4

日那个阴冷的

下午，新总统的决心和轻松愉快的乐观态度,“点燃了举国 同心同德的新精神之

火”。

President Hoover, Mister Chief Justice, my friends:

This is a day of national consecration, and I am certain that on this

day, my fellow Americans expect that on my induction in the Presiden

cy I will address them with a candor and a decision which the present

situation of our people impels. This is preeminently the time to spe

ak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink

from honestly facing the conditions facing our country today. This g

reat nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosp

er. So first of all, let me express my firm belief that the only thin

g we have to fear is fear itself-nameless, unreasoning, unjustified t

error, which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.

In every dark hour of our national life, a leadership of frankness a

nd vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people th

emselves, which is essential to victory. And I am convinced that you

will again give that support to leadership in these critical days.

In such a spirit on my part and on yours, we face our common difficul

ties. They concern, thank God, only material things. Values have shru

nken to fantastic levels; taxes have risen, our ability to pay has fa

llen; government of all kinds is faced by serious curtailment of inco

me; the means of exchange are frozen in the currents of trade; the wi

thered leaves of industrial enterprise lie on every side; farmers fin

d no markets for their produce, and the savings of many years and tho

usands of families are gone.

More important, a host of unemployed citizens face the grim problem o

f existence, and an equal and great number toil with little return. O

nly a foolish optimist can deny the dark realities of the moment.

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