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Unit 1
A.
单词识记
state
【
n
】状态；情况；国；州
【
v
】陈述；说明；规定
< br>
形近词
statute
n.
法令；法规
manifestation
n.
显示，表现；示威运动
statistic
n.
统计数值
adj.
统计的；统计学的
statistical
adj.
统计的；统计学的
形近词
stationary
adj.
固定的；静止的；不动的
statement
n. (
正式明确的口头或书面
)
陈述，声明；
(
意见或
观点的
)
表现，表达
understatement n.
保守陈述；不充分的陈述；轻描淡写
overstate
v.
夸张，夸大地叙述
statesman
n.
政治家
estate
n.
房地产；身份；财产
形近词
devastate
v.
毁灭，毁坏
devastating
adj.
毁灭性的；极具破坏力的
workstation n.
工作台
status n.
地位；情形；状态
近义词
assert v.
坚称；断言；表明
affirm
v.
断言；肯定；证实
public
【
adj
】公众的；公共的；公开的
【
n
】
公众，民众
形近词
publication
n.
出版；发行；出版物；发行物；公布；发布
republican adj.
共和国的；
共和政体的；
(
美国
)
共和党的；
支持共
和党的
n.
拥护共和政体者；共和主义者
publicity n.
公众信息；宣传；公之于众的状况
形近词
publicize v.
公开
publicized
adj.
公开的
publicly
adv.
公共地；公开地；公众地
词组
in
public
：公开地，当众
近义词
mass
n.
民众；大量
civil
adj.
公民的
law
【
n
】
法律；法令；法规；规律；定律
形近词
claw
n.
爪；螯；钳；爪形器具
v.
用爪抓
(
或挖
)
lawful
adj.
合法的；法定的；法律许可的
lawsuit
n.
诉讼；诉讼案件
形近词
flaw
n.
瑕疵；裂纹；缺点
v.
使破裂；使有缺陷
lawyer
n.
律师；法学家
近义词
legislation
n.
法律；法规
mean
【
v
】
意味着，即是；意指，意思是说；打算，意欲；
意义重大
【
adj.
】吝啬的；刻薄的；破旧的
【
n
】平均值；平均数
形近词
meaning n.
意义，含义
well-
meaning adj.
善意的；好心的
meaningless adj.
没有意义的；不重要的；无价值的
meaningfully
adv.
有意图地；有意义地；重要地
形近词
means
n.
方法；手段
meanwhile
adv.
同时；其间
词组
by means
of
：用；依靠
by no
means
：绝不；一点也不
同义词
indicate
v.
表明；暗示；象征；反映
implication
n.
可能引发的后果；暗示；含意
influence
【
n
】影响；感化；势力，权势
【
< br>v
】影响；感化
形近词
influential
adj.
有影响力的；有势力的
n.
影响者；有势力的人
近义词
impact
n.
碰撞；撞击；影响
v.<
/p>
撞击；碰撞；
(
对……
< br>)
产生影响
Live
【
v
】居住；生活；生存；以……为生；留存；铭记
【
n
】生命；生活
【
adj
】
活的；有生命的；现场演出的
形近词
alive
a.
活着的
deliver v.
发表
(
讲话
)
；
递送；接生
(
婴儿
)
delivery n.
分娩；投递；讲话方式
outlive
v.
比……活得长；比……经久
形近词
liveliness n.
活力
livelihood
n.
生计；生活
词组
live off
依赖……生活，依赖
近义词
dwell v.
居住于；存在于
reside v.
定居于；属于
近义词
survive v.
幸存；比……活得长
survival n.
生存；幸存
inhabit v.
居住于
settle
v.
使定居
federal
< br>【
adj
】联邦的
形近词
federation
n.
联邦制国家；联邦；
(
社团或组织的
)
同盟；联盟；
< br>联合会
词组
FBI
：联邦调查局
(Federal Bureau of Investigation)
CIA
：中央情报局
(Central Intelligence
Agency)
large
【<
/p>
adj
】大的
;
广大的；大量的
形近词
largely adv.
主要地；大体
上地；大量地
enlarge v.
扩大；放大；扩充
词组
at large
一般；全体地；普遍地
近义词
bulky adj.
庞大的；体积大的
outsize
adj.
特大的
huge adj.
庞大的
mark
【
v
】
做标记；指出；标明；在
(
商品
)
上贴价格
(
或质量等
)
的标签、
【
n
】
痕迹；斑点；污点；记号；符号；
(
考试等
)
分数
形近词
market n.
市场；行情
v.
推销；营销
marketplace
n.
市集；商场；市场
marked adj.
显著的，明显的；有记号的
形近词
marketer
n.
市场商人；市场营销人员
remark
v.
评论；谈到
n.
评论；话语；注意；观察
remarkable
adj.
卓越的；非凡的；辉煌的
landmark
n.
地标；里程碑；转折点
adj.
有重大意义或影响的
近义词
blot n.
污点
spot n.
点；斑点
stain
n.
污迹；污渍
v.
玷污；污染
symbol n.
象征；标志
system
< br>【
n
】系统；体制
形近词
systematic
adj.
有系统的；系统化的
systematically
adv.
系统地；有条理地
近义词
regime n.
政权；
政体
(
指非民主且统治手段不被认可的政府或政
权体系
)
；管理制度；组织方法；养生法
organization
n.
组织；机构；团体
structure n.
结构；构造；组织
stress
【
v
】
强调；着重
【
n
】压力
；强调；重点；着重；重音；
(
物
)
应力
词组
stressed-out
因心理紧张而被压垮的
近义词
highlight v.
强调；突出
emphasize v.
强调
strain v.
使不堪承受；使紧张；拉伤；扭伤
n.
压力；负担；重负
C.
单词应用
state [n]
状态，情况
2007
年阅读
Text 4
The current
state of affairs
may have been
encouraged
—
though not
justi
?
ed
—
by the lack of legal penalty (in America,
but not Europe)
for data leakage.
statistical
adj.
统计的；统计学的
2007
年阅读
Text 2
Superhigh scores like vos
Savant
’
s are no longer
possible, because
scoring
is
now
based
on
a
statistical
population
distribution
among age peers.
statement
n.
(
正式的口头或书面
)
陈述，声明；
(
意见或
观点的
)
表现，表达
2012
年阅读
text 2
A
string
of
accidents,
including
the
partial
collapse
of
a
cooling
tower
in
2007
and
the
discovery
of
an
underground
pipe
system
leakage,
raised
serious
questions
about
both
Vermont
Yankee
’
s
safety and
Entergy
’
s management
especially after the company made
misleading statements
about
the pipe.
overstate v.
夸张，夸大地叙述
2010
年阅读
Text 4
It was banks that
were on the wrong planet, with accounts that
vastly
overvalued
assets.
Today
they
argue
that
market
prices
overstate
losses
,
because
they
largely
reflect
the
temporary
illiquidity
of
markets, not the likely
extent of bad debts.
status
[n]
地位
2013
年阅读
Text 4
However, the Justices
said that Arizona police would be allowed to
verify
the
legal
status
of
people
who
come
in
contact
with
law
enforcement.
assert
v.
坚称；断言；表明
2013
年阅读
Text 4
The administration
was in essence
asserting
that because it didn
’
t
want to carry out
Congress
’
s immigration
wishes, no state should be
allowed to
do so either.
publication
n.
出版；发行；出版物；公布
2013
年阅读
Text 3
That
’
s one reason
why we have launched Arc, a new
publication
dedicated to the
near future.
Republican [adj] (
美国
)
共和党的
2012
年阅读
Text 4
In Wisconsin the
unions have rallied thousands of supporters
against
Scott Walker,
the
hard-line Republican governor.
flaw
n.
瑕疵；缺点
2006
年阅读新题型
Pushed
by
science,
or
what
claims
to
be
science,
society
is
reclassifying what once
were considered
character flaws or
moral
failings
as
personality disorders akin to physical
disabilities.
meaningless
adj.
没有意义的；不重要的
2006
年阅读
Text 4
But
somewhere
from
the
19th
century
onward,
more
artists
began
seeing happiness as
meaningless
, phony or, worst of all,
boring, as
we went from
Wordsworth
’
s daffodils to
Baudelaire
’
s
?
owers of
evil.
meaningfully adv.
有意图地；有意义地；重要地
2007
年阅读
Text 1
And the best way to
learn how to
encode information
meaningfully
,
Ericsson
determined,
was
a
process
known
as
deliberate
practice.
Deliberate practice entails more than
simply repeating a task. Rather,
it
involves setting specific goals, obtaining
immediate feedback and
concentrating as
much on technique as on outcome.
live [adj]
现场演出的
2011
年阅读
Text 1
These
recordings
are
cheap,
available
everywhere,
and
very
often
much
higher
inartistic
quality
than
today
’
s
live
performances
;
moreover,
they
can
be
“
consumed
”
at
a
time
and
place
of
the
listener
’
s
choosing.
live
off
：依赖……生活，依赖
2006
年阅读
Text 2
And there are the
townsfolk who largely
live
off the
tourists
who
come, not to see the plays, but to
look at Anne Hathaway
’
s
Cottage,
Shakespeare
’
s
birthplace and the other sights.
federal
联邦的
2013
年阅读
Text 4
In Arizona v. United
States, the majority overturned three of the four
contested
provisions
of
Arizona
’
s
controversial
plan
to
have
state
and local police
enforce
federal immigration law
.
mark [v]
在
(
商品
)
上贴价格
(
或质量等
)
标签
2010
年阅读
Text 4
America
’
s
new
plan
to
buy
up
toxic
assets
will
not
work
unless
banks
mark assets to levels
which
buyers
?
nd attractive.
marked
adj.
显著的，明显的；有记号的
2014
年翻译
There
is
a
marked
difference
between
the
education
which
every
one gets from living
with others, and the deliberate educating of the
young.
systematically adv.
系统地；有条理地
2009
年阅读
Text 2
Databases
used
by
some
companies
don
’
t
rely
on
data
collected
systematically
but
rather
lump
together
information
from
different
research projects.
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