残奥会运动项目中英文介绍

当参赛者因严重的运动能力障碍影

响到四肢时，

可使用脚或辅助装置将球推出。

投球时，

辅助设备不得超过投掷 线，

臀部不能离

开轮椅，否则判为罚分或被取消投掷球。

Cycling

自行车

Athletes with cerebral palsy compete on road and track using standard racing bicycles. Athletes

with balance difficulties compete on tricycles, but only in Road events. Athletes with a visual

impairment compete on tandem bicycles, both Road and Track, with a sighted pilot. Amputees and

riders with other permanent physical disabilities, compete on Road and Track, using standard racing

bicycles. Athletes who are wheelchair users and are unable to ride a standard racing bicycle, or

tricycle, due to severe lower limb disabilities, compete in Road events using three-wheeled

handcycles. For all classes, approved disability specific adaptations are permitted, if necessary for

the improvement of safety.

残奥会自行车比赛分为场地赛和公路赛。

场地赛包括计时赛、

追逐赛、

争先赛和团体竞速

赛；公路赛包括个人 计时赛和长距离个人赛（集体出发）。

Equestrian

马术

In official competitions, Dressage riders compete in two types of competition:

Championship Test: Competitors perform set movements as defined by the IPEC. Freestyle

Test (also known as a Kur): Riders create their own pattern of movements called a floor plan. The

plan has to incorporate compulsory movements as defined by the IPEC. The test is ridden to music

that the rider chooses to match and enhance the paces of the horse. The test should clearly show the

unity between rider and horse as well as rhythm and harmony in all the movements and transitions.

残奥会马术比赛分为个人赛和团体赛，

包括个人锦标赛比赛和盛装舞步比赛。

个人赛分四

个等级，团 体赛无等级差别。

Football 5-a-Side 5

人制足球

Every Football match is played between two teams with four blind athletes and one sighted or

visually impaired goalkeeper on the field as well as five substitutes. Additionally, each team has a

guide behind the opponent's goal to direct the players when they shoot.

残奥会

5

人制

（盲人）

足球专为视力残疾的运动 员设立。

该项目根据运动员视力伤残程度

被分为

B1

、

B2

、

B3

三个级别，上场的

5

人中

4

人属于

B1

级，而守门员为

B2

级或

B3

级运

动员，

也可以是健全运动员。

参赛队由

5

名场上队员和

5

名替补队员组成，

其中包括守门员和

替 补守门员各

1

名。

Football 7-a-Side 7

人制足球

Every Football match is played between two teams with seven players on each side, including

the goalkeeper. Each team consists of 12 players with three substitutions allowed during each match.

A match cannot continue with fewer than four athletes on the field.

参加残奥会

7

人制足球的各队包括守门员在内共

7

个人在场上比赛，每队有

3

名替补。

Goalball

盲人门球

A game of Goalball is played by two teams of three players with a maximum of three

substitutes on each team. Competition is divided into men's and women's divisions.

盲人门球运动员在比赛时不允许戴眼镜或隐形眼镜。上场运动员一律戴黑眼罩参加比赛。

参赛队由

3

名场上队员和

3

名替补队员组成。

Judo

柔道

The sport is open to athletes with blindness/visual impairment in several weight

contest lasts five minutes, for both men and women and the winner is the athlete who scores an

ippon or who scores the greater number of points. The sport is governed by the International Blind

Sports Federation (IBSF) and follows the International Judo Federation (IJF) rules used at other

top-level, able-bodied judo events, with slight modifications for athletes with a visual impairment,

which allow them contact with their opponent before the start of the match.

残奥会盲人柔道是专门为视力障碍运动员所设立的运动项目。

根据运动员 视力损伤程度分

为

3

个级别，共同参加 比赛。参赛的视力障碍运动员，最低标准应符合最佳已矫正视力低于

0.1

或视野小于

20

度。

Powerlifting

力举

Athletes with a minimum disability must be at least 14 years of age and must have the ability to

fully extend the arms with no more than a 20-degree loss of full extension on either elbow when

making an approved lift according to the rules for their bodyweight.

参加残奥会力举比赛的运动员，< /p>

以下肢残疾为主，

必须达到截肢、

脑瘫及 其他肢体残疾的

最低分级标准，才能具备参赛资格。

Rowing

皮划艇

Rowing is the youngest sport in the Paralympic Games. It was introduced to the Paralympic

Programme in 2005 and will hold its first Paralympic competitions at the Beijing 2008 Paralympic

Games.

在今年的北京残奥会上，皮划艇首次被列为比赛项目。