-
上海市宝山区
2019
届高三英语二模试题（含
解析）
Ⅱ. Grammar and
Vocabulary
Directions
：
After
reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to
make the passage
coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given
word, fill in each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best fits each blank.
Curiosity is part of human nature.
Children are famous for wanting answers
____1____ tons of questions. People
keep reading or watching ____2____ they want to
find out what happens. But curiosity
also provides many practical benefits.
Learning is easiest if you have a
genuine desire for knowledge. Curiosity can
create that desire when you have a
question.
Many
of
history
greatest
discoveries
____3____
（
make
）
by
curious
people.
People
wondered ____4____
processes worked or how certain tasks could be
done more
effectively.
Thanks to their
curiosity,
people now know far
more about
the world
and
have useful technology ____5____
（
help
）
them.
Even
if
you
don’t
p
lan
to
be
an
inventor
of
researcher,
curiosity
can
still
help
you in the classroom. If you develop
the joy of learning, classes will become more
fun. And you’ll excel because you will
be fully engaged in the process of learning.
Even
if
you’re
no
longer
a
student,
curiosity
will
make
you
better
____6____
（
inform
）
and thus a
more capable worker.
What
do
you
do if you’re not already curious?
Fortunately, curiosity is a skill
that
can be improved. If you act like you’re curious,
you’ll quickly start to
actually feel
curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic
the ____7____
（
interesting
）
it becomes.
As you
learn about a topic, gather information from as
many
sources
as
possible.
Read
a
variety
of
books,
watch
or
listen
to
lectures
and
ask
questions.
Don’t
always
get
your information from the same source. Instead,
learn to appreciate facts that
different people know and the different
opinions ____8____ they express.
Ask
a
lot
of
questions,
Remember,
everyone
knows
____9____
that
you
don’t.
Find
out
what
that
is,
and
ask
about
it.
This
lets
you
learn
something
and
makes
the
other
person happy by letting them show off
their knowledge.
In the classroom or
out of it, ____10____
（
develo
p
）
curiosity is sure to be
worthwhile.
【答案】
1. to 2. because
3. were made
4. how
5. to help
6. informed
7. more interesting
8.
that/which
9. something
10. developing
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍
了好奇心的作用以及如何培养好奇心。
【
1
题详解】
考查介词。句意：孩子们以想要得到无数问题的答案而闻名。名词
answer
和介词
to
搭配，
表示“……的答案”，是固定搭配。故该空填
to
< br>。
【
2
题详解】
考查连词。因为人们想弄清楚发生了什么事，所以他们不断地读书或看电视。该空引导原
因
状语从句，故填连词
because
。
【
3
题详解】
考查语态，时态和主谓一致。该空在句中作谓语，根据
make
discoveries
结构，主语
discoveries<
/p>
和
make
之间是被动关系，故该句应用
被动语态。根据下句中的“wondered”可
知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的情况，
应该用一般过去时态。主语为复数
discoveries
，根
据
主谓一致原则，该空应填
were
made
。
【
4
题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：人们想知道过程是如何起作用的，或者某些任务是如何更有效地
完
成的。该空引导
wonder
的宾语
从句，且根据句意，该空表示“如何”，故应用
how
引导该从
句，故填
how
。
【
5
题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他们的好奇心，人们现在对这个世界了解得更多了，并且有
了
有用的技术来分析他们。
____5____
（
help
）
them
作定语，
修饰
useful
technology.
have
sth.
后面常接动词不定式作定语，故填
to
help
。
【
6
题详解】
考查非谓语动词。即使你不再是一名学生，好奇心也会让你更好地了解情况，从而成为一
名
更有能力的工作人员。该题考查
make+
< br>宾语
+
宾语补足语结构，
inf
orm
意为“通知，告知”，
宾语
yo
u
和
inform
之间是被动关系，故
该空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填
informed
。
informed
还可以看作是形容词，意为“了解情况的”。
【
7
题详解】
考查形容词比较级。该题考查“
the +
比较级，
the+
比较级”结构，该空作系动词
become
的
表语，故应用形容词的比较级，故
填
more
interesting
。
【
8
题详解】
考查定语从句。“_____ they
express”是定语从句，修饰
the different opinions<
/p>
，引导
词在从句中作
express
的宾语，指物，故应用关系代词
which/that
引导该从句。故填
which/that
。
【
9
题详解】
考查不定代词。句意：记住，每个人都知道一些你不知道的东西。该空作
know
的宾语，且表
示“某些东西”，故应填不定代
词
something
。
【
10
题详解】
考查动名词。“_____ curiosity”是主语，作主语，一般用动名词，故
填
developing
。
Section B
Directions
：
After
reading the passage below, fill in each blank with
a proper word
given in the box. Each
word can only be used once. Note that there is one
word more
than you need.
When was the last time that you dialed
a phone number from memory? It probably
depends on how long you’ve been using
____11____ like a cellphone. While some
generations can recall the days of
memorizing phone numbers, it’s possible that
members of Generation Z have never had
to remember a single ____12____. Why is this?
Because smartphones offer quick and
convenient ways for storing and ____13____
information. There is no need to
memorize anything. But this isn’t without
consequence.
As
digital
devices
develop,
more
and
more
users’
heavy
reliance
on
them
may be having disabling
effects.“Digital dementia（失智）”is the term being
used
by medical professionals to
identify some of these effects.
Some
professionals like Jim Kwik, an expert in memory
improvement and optimal
brain
performance, are taking a closer look at this
effect. Kwik describes digital
dementia
like this:“we’re
____14____
our brains to our smart devices. We’re
so
reliant on our smartphones that our
smartphones are making us stupid. As medical
studies chart the decline in memory and
cognitive skills among smartphone users, a
connection is made between symptoms
____15____
with dementia.”
The seriousness of overuse becomes
____16____ when you consider just how young
smartphone users are becoming. Author
and speaker Simon Sinek points out that young
minds“Are not ready for it! Their minds
cannot cope with the
dopamine（多巴
胺）.”Consequently, the
overstimulation of screens and sounds lead to
____17____
more often than
not. So now parents, teachers and managers are
asking how to handle
the
influx
（汇集）
of young people
with this kind of addiction.
First,
monitor your cellphone use. Keep downloading
applications like Forest or
Checky.
Then cut back on any ____18____ usage. Set a
specific goal of how much you
think you
should use your phone.
Determine
____19____
areas
for
cellphone
use.
For
example,
while
you’re
at
home,
only allow yourself to
check your phone somewhere like a home office.
This way, the
time in between tasks
isn’t
____20____ filled with staring at
your screen.
【答案】
11. D
12. F
13. A 14. K
15. I 16. C
17. H
18. B
19. E 20. J
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。现代人过
度地依赖手机，这种做法会产生一些坏的影响，例如：失智。文
章对这种影响的背后原因
进行了分析，并且提出了一些建议，帮助人们克服手机上瘾这种现
象。
< br>
【
11
题详解】
句意：这可能取决于你使用了多长时间
科技，比如
手机。后面的
like a cellphone
是对该
空的一个举例，根据常识知道，
a cellphone
属于科技，故
D
选项正确。
【
12
题详解】
句意：虽然有几代人可以回忆起记电话号码的日子，但
z<
/p>
代的成员可能从来没有特别去记一
个电话号码。根据句意，该空应
填
particularly
，意为“尤其地，特别地”，故选
F
。
【
13
题详解】
句
意：因为智能手机提供了快速方便的存储和评估信息的方法。该空和
storing
并列，结合
句意，应填
assessing
，
assess
意为“评估”。故
A
选项正确。
【
14
题详解】
句意：我们正在为我们的智能设备贡献我们的大脑。结合句意，该空应填
contri
buting
，
contribute
意为“贡献”，故选
K
。
【
15
题详解】
句意：当医学研究显示智能手机使用者的记忆力和认知能力下降时，与痴呆症相关的症状之
间就产生了某种联系。
be associated with
意为“与……相关”，该空作
symptoms
的定语，
故填
associated
，
I
选项正确。
< br>【
16
题详解】
句意：当你考虑到智能手机用户是多么年轻的时候，过度使用的严重性就变得显而易见了。
根据句意，该空应填
apparent
，意为“明
显的”，故
C
选项正确。
【
17
题详解】
句意：
因此，
屏幕和声音的过度刺激往往导致
成瘾。
根据句意，
该空应填
addic
tion
，
意为“上
瘾，成瘾”，
H
选项正确。
【
18
题详解】
句意：削减没有必要的使用。根据该段标题“monitor your
cellphone use”可知，该处应
该指减少手机的使用，故应填
nonessential
，意为“没有必要的”，
B
选项正确。
【
19
题详解】
的
句意：确定指定区域使用手机。根据后面的
for
example…somewhere like a home office
可知，
作者建议要在特定区域使用手机。故填
assigned
，意为
“分配的，指定的”。
E
选项
正确。<
/p>
【
20
题详解
】
句意：用这种方式，盯着屏幕这种做法就不会自动地填满两
项任务之间的时间。即：你不会
在两项任务之间自动地去看手机。故该空应填
automatically
，意为“自动地，无意识地”。
J
选项正确。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions
：
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passages
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word
or phrase that best fits the
context.
Serendipity
-
an
unexpected
delight
–
is
the
word
that
comes
to
mind
when
describing
the seven-day hike my wife and I
recently did in the wild and undeveloped northwest
coast of Galicia, Spain.
Simply ____21____, anyone who is
adventurous, loves traveling to Europe and is
fit enough to do 10-mile hikes should
seriously consider doing this hike.
Before this experience, I had never
heard about On Foot Holidays programs that
allow hikers to go at their own pace,
with maps and detailed hiking ____22____, but
without
a
guide
or
other
travelers,
while
still
enjoying
a
high
level
of
local
support.
What
____23____
caught
my
attention
was
an
announcement
about
On
Foot
Holidays’
newest hike, the Lighthouse Way,
which they described as a journey
along“the last
____24____
coast of Europe.”This particular hike
sounded both challenging and
rewarding
enough to ____25____ a try.
On Foot
Holidays booked our lodging each night and
____26____ a taxi to take our
baggage
to
the
next
destination,
so
we
just
had
to
carry
our
daypack
essentials.
Each
day we ____27____
or spoke with the company’s local
expert who was available
____28____
emergency,
but
whose
main
function
was
to
keep
us
informed
about
the
daily
weather
forecast
and
to
make
special
taxi
arrangements
when
we
decided
to
____29____
a couple of
14-mile hikes to less than 10 miles.
The ____30____ of the trails and
scenery made every hike a delight. One of our
hikes followed a narrow trail along a
steep, rocky cliff ____31____ the steel-blue
waters of the Atlantic Ocean
that thrash against jagged rocks
hundreds of feet below
us. We stopped
to picnic and watch the only living things we saw
that whole day: a
herd of goats above
us, and a group of dolphins jumping in the waves
below. In the
distance, many of
mountain peaks ____32____ sparkling wind
turbines
（涡轮机）
like
candles on a cake.
Silence
and loneliness were the features of each day’s
accommodation. The only
sounds we heard
were birds singing, the wind blowing through trees
or the waves
breaking against the
shoreline. The air was clean and the temperature
brisk, with
frequent ____33____ of
cloudy, cool, windy and rainy weather
interspersed
（点缀）
with
glorious bursts of sunshine.
There was
remarkably little litter, the exception being
spots along the shore
where ocean
currents ____34____ mostly fishing items.
My wife and
I realized
that we are pilgrims
searching for meaning, awareness
and
joy on our journey
through life, and our Galician hiking ____35____
had moved us
further down that path in
ways we won’t forget.
21. A.
lost
22. A. strings
materials
23. A. initially
24. A. recommended
discovered
25. A. warrant
26. A. prepared for
27. A.
negotiated
B. provide
B.
arranged for
B. discussed
C.
imagine
C. paid for
C.
contacted
C. in case of
D.
evaluate
D.
turned
to
D. texted
D.
in
favour
B.
gradually
B. developed
C.
smoothly
C. unspoiled
D.
firmly
D.
B. moved
B. instructions
C. urged
C. devices
D. put
D.
28. A. in addition to
B. in need of
of
29. A. shorten
B. extend
C. decrease
D. expand
30. A. appearance
31. A.
displaying
overlooking
32.
A. established
structured
33. A. changes
interactions
34. A. stretched
deposited
35. A. experience
experiment
B. variety
B. reflecting
C. character
C. following
D. route
D.
B.
lightened
C. sported
D.
B. intervals
C. adaptions
D.
B. withdrawn
C. floated
D.
B.
technique
C. investigation
D.
【答案】
21.
B 22.
B 23.
A 24.
C 25.
A 26.
B 27.
D 28.
C 29.
A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B
34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者和妻子参加
On
Foot
Holidays
举行的最
新的徒步旅行活动：
the Lighthouse Way
。
作者在文中叙述了这次徒步旅行活动的所见所闻和感受。
【<
/p>
21
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
lose
失去；
m
ove
感动，打动；
urge
敦促，力
劝；
put
放。仅仅是被（这
个活动）
打动，任何一个喜欢冒险，想要到欧洲旅行，足够健康可以进行
10
英里的徒步旅行
的人都应该认真考虑去进行这次徒步旅行活动。
B
选项正确。
【
22
题详解】
考查名词词义
辨析。
string
绳，线；
inst
ruction
指示，命令；
device
装置，设备；
material
材料。该空和
maps
并列，且前面有
detailed
（详细的）修饰。该空和“地图”都是对徒步旅
行有帮助的东西，
故
B
选项切题。
in
structions
意为“用法说明，
指南”。
On
Foot
Holidays
允许远足者以自己的速度前进，可以带着地图和详细的徒步旅行指南，但是没有导游和其他
游客陪同。
B
选项正确。
【
23
题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。
initially
< br>最初地；
gradually
逐渐地；
< br>smoothly
顺利地；
firmly
坚定
地。最初吸引作者注意力的是关于
On Foot
Holidays
最新的徒步旅行活动“the Lighthouse
Way”的一个通知。
A
选项正确。
【
24
题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。
recommended
被推荐的；
developed
发达的
；
unspoiled
（地方）未经
开
发的，有自然美的；
discovered
被发现的。“the
Lighthouse Way”是最新的远足活动，
在宣传的时候，肯定要朝着好的，
有特色的方面宣传。既然是徒步旅行活动，那么应该是沿
着“欧洲最后一个未经开发的海
岸”前行。
C
选项正确。
【
25
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
warrant
使显得必
要
(
或正当
)
；
provide
提供；
imagin
e
想象；
evaluate
评价，评估
。这个远足活动听起来非常有挑战性，有必要进行尝试。
A
选项
正确。
【
26
题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。
prepare
for
为……准备；
arrange
for
安排；
pay
for
支付……的费用；
turn
to
向……求助。根据该段最后中的“
and to make
special taxi
arrangements
”可知，
On Foot Holi
days
每天安排出租车将作者他们的行李带到下一个目的地。
B
选项正确。
【
27
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析
。
negotiate
谈判，协商；
d
iscuss
讨论；
contact
和
……联系；
text
发短
信。该空和后
面的
spoke
都是表示和“公司的当地专家”沟通交流的方式
，我们给当地的专
家发短信和他交谈，他的主要作用是让我们了解每天的天气预报等其他
情况。
D
选项正确。
【
28
题详解】
考查短语辨析。
in addition to
除……之外还有……；
in need
of
需要……；
in case
of
以防，万一；
in
favour
of
支持，赞成。万一发生了紧急事件，我们可以和当地的专家
联系。
C
选项正确。
【
29
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
shorten
缩短；
extend
延伸；
decrease
减少；
expand
扩大，扩展。根据
后面的“
14-mile hikes to less than
10 miles
”可知，
14
英里的
形成缩短为不到
10
英里。
故
A
选项正确。
【
30
题详解】
考
查名词词义辨析。
appearance
出现；
variety
种类，多样性；
character<
/p>
特点；
route
路线。
根据下文的叙述可知，作者和妻子在徒步旅行的过程中，看到了不同的景色，经历了不同的
小路。故
B
选项正确。
<
/p>
【
31
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
display
展
示；
reflect
反射；
follo
w
跟随；
overlook
俯瞰，忽视
。悬
崖下面是大海，即：悬崖俯瞰着大海。故
D
选项正确。
【
32
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
establish
建立；
lighten
（使）发亮；
sport
引人注目地穿戴，炫耀；
structure
构成，排列。该句是一个拟人化的说法，字
面意思是：山峰“引人注目地穿戴”着
闪闪发光的涡轮机。即：远处，许多山峰的风力涡
轮机闪闪发光，就像蛋糕上的蜡烛。
C
选项
正确。
【
33
< br>题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。
change
改变；
interval
间隔，
中间休息；
adaption
适
应，
改编；
interaction
相
互交流。空气清新，温度宜人，多云、凉爽、多风、多雨的天气间隔频繁，伴随着灿烂的
阳光。
B
选项正确。
【
34
题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
stretch
伸展；
withdraw
撤退；
float
漂浮；
deposit
使沉淀，使沉积。
垃圾少得惊人，只有海岸沿岸的一些地方例外，那里的洋流沉积了大部分的捕鱼物品。
D
选项
正确。
【
35
题详解】
<
/p>
考查名词词义辨析。
experience
经历；
technique
技术；
i
nvestigation
调查；
experiment
实验。我妻子和我意识到，我们是朝圣者，在人生旅途中寻找意义、觉知和快乐，而我们的
加利西亚远足经历以我们永远不会忘记的方式将我们进一步推向了这条道路。
A
选项正确。
【点睛】完形
填空之原词复现：这类题多为同义词、近义词和反义词的复现或同义词、近义
词和反义词
异形复现的形式。这种测试手法主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能
力。例如
第六小题所填的
arrange
和下文中的“arrangem
ent”则属于该类型。
Section B
Directions
：
Read
the following three passages. Each passage is
followed by several
questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are
four choices marked
A, B, C, and D.
Choose the one that fits best according to the
information given in
the passage you
have just read.
（
A
）
Many people prefer eating out instead
of cooking at home. A change appears to
be
taking
place,
though,
and
millennials
are
leading
the
way.
According
to
one
survey,
more
young
people
are
starting
to
cook
at
home
for
three
basic
reasons:
They
can
save
money, eat healthy and
waste less food.
Popular TV chefs are
also getting millennials excited about learning
some basic
cooking skills. Many
millennials view cooking as a form of
entertainment and
self-expression. They
proudly post pictures of their cooking creations
on Facebook
or Instagram, and invite
friends over to share the cooking experience.
Many millennials have also found ways
to avoid wasting food. After roasting a
chicken, they put the leftover bones in
their freezer instead of the garbage can.
Later, they use the bones to make
chicken stock which is an important ingredient in
many dishes.
They
also hate throwing
out fruit
that’s too old. To avoid
that
situation, they
bake ripe fruit like
berries and bananas for 15 minutes at 175 degrees
C. Then they
freeze it overnight. After
that, they place the fruit in plastic bags and
store it
their freezer for later use.
Now any millennials only eat at
restaurants that have excellent food-waste
policies. These servants use every part
of the vegetables they buy, including their
stems and roots, in dishes. They also
use beef, chicken and pork bones to make their
own stock.
Millennials
also
reduce
food
waste
by
only
buying
what
they
require.
Before
going
to a market, they
write down what they need and don’t buy anything
else. They way
they won’t purchase more
food than they can consume.
36. What is the main subject of this
article?
A. A cooking trend that has
attracted millennials.
B. A plan that
millennials have for donating food.
C.
A novel cooking technique that millennials like.
D. A food production system favored by
millennials.
37. What do millennials
with fruit before freezing it?
A. Mix
it with other ingredients in a bowl.
B.
Carefully remove the skin and seeds from it.
C. Use a sharp knife to chop it up into
pieces.
D. Put it in an oven at the
proper temperature.
38. According to
this article, when do millennials make careful
choices?
A. When they dine out together
B. Whey they vote for candidates
C. When they choose an employer
D. When they plant a new garden
39. According to this article, how do
millennials avoid purchasing too much food?
A. They select small cans and packages.
B. They prepare a practical shopping
list.
C. They leave their credit cards
at home.
D. They weigh produce before
buying it.
【答案】
36. A 37.
D 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章叙述
了千禧一代引领的一个新潮流：在家烹饪。文章分析了这种潮流
背后的原因。
【
36
题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段就是中心段。根据第一段中的“
Many people prefer eating out
instead
of
cooking
at
home.
A
change
appears
to
be
taking
place,
though,
and
millennials are leading
the way. According to one survey, more young
people are
starting to cook at home for
three basic reasons: They can save money, eat
healthy
and waste less food.
”可知，许多人宁愿出去吃饭，也不愿在家做饭。然而，一个变化似
乎正在发生，而千禧
一代正在引领这种变化。根据一项调查，越来越多的年轻人开始在家做
饭是因为三个基本
原因：他们可以省钱、吃健康和少浪费食物。由第二段开始，文章对千禧
一代选择在家里
自己做饭吃的原因进行了具体的分析和介绍。因此，整篇文章主要介绍的是
千禧一代引领
的一个新潮流：在家自己做饭吃。故
A
选项正确。
37
题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“
they bake ripe
fruit like berries and bananas for 15
minutes at 175 degrees C. Then they
freeze it overnight.
”可知，千禧一代冷冻水果
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