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外研版高二英语必修五
Module 4 Carnival
Part1
词汇精讲精练
一、重点词汇
vt.
①
to write, to
draw a symbol, line...
做记号
mark A with B; mark B on A
用
B
在
A
上做记号
eg. Some
drivers mark the
cars_____
”
New Drivers. Take
Care Please
”
.
②
to celebrate or
officially remember an event
纪念
is a
ceremony______the 100
th
anniversary of The Revolution of 1911.
③
to be a sign
that sth. new is going to happen
标志着
eg.
___________Ben
Laden________a
great
change
in
anti-
terrorism
war
in
Afghanistan.(
本
拉登的死标志着在阿富汗的反恐战争发生了巨大变化。
）
④
to give
marks to students
’
work
批改
eg. I hate____
___________.(
我讨厌批改试卷）
n.
污点（
spot,dirt);
符号，记号；成绩，分数
be
marked with
标记着
be marked on
标记在??
mark down
记下，降低??价格、分数
make
one
’
s mark
出名，成功
Exercise: <
/p>
写出下列句子中
mark
的含义
①
He made
marks with a pencil.
②
The festival is to mark the
city
’
s
200
th
anniversary.
③
He was marking
essay in his small study.
④
He did well to get such a good mark.
There is no_____of rain today. It is
not necessary for you to take your raincoat.
A.
mark
e
Through hard work, the girl has
achieved______progress since the beginning of this
semester.
A. remarked
ing
able
vi./vt.
sb. dress sb.
be
dressed in=dress oneself in
dress up as /for
装扮成；为??装扮
dress
sb. up as /for
把某人装扮成??
/
为??装扮某人
eg.
_________a long time__________.(
她穿衣要花很长
时间。
）
He____________and went out
in a hurry.(
他给儿子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。
）
Many people______________animals during
carnival.
(
在狂欢节期间，很多人都把自己打扮成
动物。
）
比较：
put on, wear, dress, have
on
Exercise:
Hurry up!
______your coat______.
She______a
diamond necklace.
She______her baby.
Jane______a red jacket______.
Do you know the boy who is______a red
T-shirt?
g on
g in
d in
on
ate v
. to happen or appear
for the first time in a place or situation
起源，
发源
eg. The style of
architecture_______Greece.
(
这种建筑风格起源于希腊。
）
origin n
. the point from
which
起源，源头
eg. Most coughs are
viral________.
(
大多数咳嗽是由病毒引发的。
）
original
①
adj. at the beginning of a particular
process
原来的，起初的
②
n.
a document or art produced for the
first time
真迹，原稿
eg. This painting is a copy._________is
in the Summer Palace.
（这是复制品，原件在故宫里。
）
4.
come to an end
to reach the point at which sth. can no
longer continue
结束
eg. The meeting
_______________.(
会议午夜才结束。
）
put...to an end=put an end to...
使??结束
eg. Mankind
must put an end to war or war will put mankind to
an end.
come about
come across
come at
come up
come up
with an idea
come on
come out
填空：
①
How did it come_______that you both got
lost? I thought you had a map.
②
Come_______, or
we will be late for the opening ceremony.
③
He
came_______me like a tiger.
④
When the
examination result came______, he had already got
a job.
⑤
I sowed
the seeds over a month ago, but they
haven
’
t come______yet.
5.
prepare
prepare for
prepare vt.
eg.
Mon________a big turkey and Dad________the family
union party.
be
prepared for=_____________;
(
为??做好了准备）
eg. ------Are you_______the
exam?
------No, I
need two more hours. I
haven
’
t remembered all the
words.
ed
ing
ed for
ing
for
6.
extend v.
延长，延伸
eg. Students
don
’
t like the teachers
____________.
(
学生不喜欢经常拖堂的老师）
extension.
n.
伸展，延长，扩大
plan
to have
.
①
②
③
④
⑤
我们打算扩建这家医院。
Extended adj.
扩大的，扩展的，大的
extended family
大家庭，几世同堂
7.7.
ban/ abolish v
明令禁止，取缔，禁止
h
主要指废除“法律，制度，习俗”等
She is
driving for six
months.
她已被禁驾
6
个月。
There are many bad customs
and laws that
许多不良内容和法规应予以废除。
8.
End
On end
直立，竖着
Bring/put an end to sth.
Bring/put sth. to an
end
结束某件事
In the
end
最后，终于
At the
end of
在
末端、后
By the end of
在
结束时，在
末尾
Make both ends meet
使收支相抵
Her sudden
arrival put an end to the meeting.
Low
as his salary is ,he can make both ends meet.
9.
9. Hide-hid-
hiden v.
隐瞒，藏，遮蔽
10.
Hide oneself
behind the door
躲在门后（表动作）
Be hidden behind the door
藏在门后（表状态）
Hide...from...
把
藏起来
Hide away
藏起来
e.g. They
hide me from the police in their
attic.(
阁楼
)
She
tried to
.
她没法不表露自己的情感
d
伪装，假装
Pretend to do
Pretend to be doing
Pretend
to have done
Pretend to be +adj./n
Pretend that...
Eg. She
pretended to be reading a novel when I came into
the room.
She pretends that she likes
them so that she can get their help.
The young actor pretended to be Hamlet.
那个年轻的演员扮演哈姆雷特。
二．词汇小练习
1
sentimental lady tried_________her feelings under
the mask, but her tones gave
her away.
(hide)
ordinary
people
could
do
nothing
but__________rich
and
important,
while
popular personalities
could have romantic adventures in secret.
(pretend)
travel agency has set
out________a direct flight for
tomorrow
’
s trip to London.
(book)
manager_________our
holiday
by
three
days
into
the
following
week,
as
we
had
completed the_________long-period research.
(extend)
__________seems
to
be
getting
worse,
as
you
can
’
t
recall
the
memorable
names at the
war__________ceremony. (memorize)
the
first_________for lung cancer, she
required_________again. (operator)
al,
actually_________from
Europe,
is
celebrated
with
the
mystery
of
the
masks. (origin)
people have no idea what the faces
behind the various masks look like, many
crimes go_____________.(punishment)
costumes
and
sights
change
from
country
to
country
but
the
festive__________is the same
everywhere. (exciting)
the late
1970
’
s the tradition
carnival____________by some students. (revive)
词汇小练习
1
答案：
1.
to hide
2.
pretend to be
3.
to book
4.
extended; extensive
5.
memory;
memorial
6.
operation; to be operated on/operating
on
7.
originating
8.
unpunished
9.
excitement
10.
was revived
词汇小练习
2
man with black
on his white
trousers told me the white
painted on
the
trees
the starting point of the
right route. (mark)
customs and rules
deserve
. ( abolish)
our class, when the bell gives the
and
the teacher closes his books, it is a
for
everyone to
stand up.(sign)
al became a relaxing
way to
different countries, as people forgot
their everyday
worries and troubles.
(union)
5.
for a big anniversary celebration were
under way. (prepare)
company plan to
its commercial operations
into EU members. (extension)
planned
to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate
their silver
. (wed)
8.
enough, a woman seated
beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the
dry food down that loudly way. (fun)
词汇小练习
2
答案：
, mark,
marked
2.
To be abolished/
abolishing
3.
Signal, sign
4.
unite
5.
preparations
6.
extend
7.
wedding
8.
Funnily
Part2
语法强化
Grammar Passive
Voice(
被动语态
)
1
、概念
被动语态
(passive voice)
是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语
的语态共有两种：<
/p>
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，
被动语态表示
主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态
是动词的一种特殊形式，
一般来说，
只有需要动作对象的及
物动词才有被动语态。
2
、结构
被
动语态的基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。在各个常用时态中的被动语态结构如
下表：
时态
Tense
被动语态
Passive Voice
一般现在时
simple present
一般过去时
simple past
一般将来时
future
现在完成时
present perfect
过去完成时
past perfect
现在进行时
present continuous
过去进行时
past continuous
am/is/are done
Was/were done
Will be done
Have/has done
Had been done
am/is/are being done
Was/were being done
e.g.
You are wanted on the
phone .
有你的电话。
（一般现在时）
The railway was built in 1998.
这条铁路建于
1998
年。
（一般过去时）
A new railway is being built in this
city.
这个城市正在修建一条新的铁路。
（现在
进行时）
The
railway
was
being
built
this
time
last
year.
去年这个时候这
条铁路正在修建。
（过去进行时）
The new railway has already been built.
新铁路已经建成了。
（现在完成时）
The new railway had been built by the
end of last year.
（过去完成时）
A new railway will be built
in this city next year.
这个城市明年将建一条新的铁路。<
/p>
（一般将来时）
He told us
that the new railway would be built the next
year.
（过去将来时）
3
、主动句变被动句所遵循的
4
个步骤
（
1
）把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
<
/p>
（
2
）把动词变为被动形式，即
be+
过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语
<
/p>
的变化而变化，
而动词的时态则保持不变。
（
3
）原主动句的主语如需要则放
在
by
后面以它的宾格形式出现，如不需要则可省略。
（
4
）其他成分（定
语、状语）不变。
e.g. The government
cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad
weather.(
主
动语态
)
The
sports
meeting
was
cancelled
by
the
government
because
of
the
bad
weather.
(
被动语态
)
注：当不强调动作的执行者的时候可以把
by
去掉。
4
、其他可以表示被动的结构
（
1
）
get
+
动词的过去分词
e.g. He
got injured in the traffic accident last week.
（
2
）
look,
sound,
feel,
smell,
taste,
become,
get,
turn,
grow,
fall,
go,
stay,
keep,
appear, seem, prove+
形容词
/
名词。
e.g.
He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey
to Canada.
（
3
）表示
开始、结束、运动的动词。
e.g. The plane
takes off at 7a.m tomorrow.
The shop
closes at 6 p.m. every day.
（
4
）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如：
read
，
sell
，
wash
，
write
，
act
，
iron
，
cut
，
draw
，
drive
，
clean
，
wear
，
open
，
cook
，
lock
，
shut
，
dr
y
，
eat
，
drink
，
etc.
e.g.
This kind of cloth washes well.
Your
pen writes smoothly.
（
5
）少数动词用于进行时态，其主动形式表示被动含义。
e.g. the new edition of the book is
printing.
（
6
）介词
in
，
on
，
under
等
+
名
词。
e.g. The house is under
repair.
Today some treasures are on
show.
及时演练
(
)
（
1<
/p>
）
--why did you have that
position?
--Ia better position at
IBM.
A.
offer
B. offered
C.
am offered
D. was offered
(
)
（
2
）
The office is wonderful! it
doesn
’
t taste like anything
I before.
A.
was
having
B. have
C.
have ever had
D. had ever had
(
)
（
3
）
The
hero
’
s storydifferently in
the newspapers.
A.
was reported
B. was reporting
C.
reports
D. reported