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Unit 3
What
?
s in a Name?
Details in the text:
Para 1
1. Reception:
1) the formal
or ceremonious welcoming of a
guest
接待，迎接；欢迎
2) the area in
a hotel, office, or other establishment where
guests and visitors are greeted and dealt
< br>with
（旅馆、办公室等场所的）接待处
the reception
desk
接待处；前台。
2.
bit:
a small piece, part, or quantity
of something
小块，小部分，少量
a bit :
somewhat; to some
extent
有点儿，多少，在某种程度上
do one's bit :
make a useful
contribution to an effort or
cause
作贡献，尽力
eg: she was
keen to do her bit to help others.
她热心尽力帮助别人。
not a
bit :
not at
all
一点也不，根本不
eg: I'm not a
bit tired.
我一点儿也不累。
to bits :
into
pieces
成碎片，破碎
eg:
he smashed it to bits with a hammer.
他用锤子把它砸碎。
Para 2
1. take a seat:
sit down
请坐
2. point:
direct someone's
attention to the position or direction of
something, typically by extending one's
finger
（尤指用手指）指（位置或方位）
point
something
out:
1)
direct
someone's
gaze
or
attention
towards
something,
especially
by
extending
one's
f
inger
（为引人注目或注意而用手指）指出
2)
say something to make someone aware of a fact or
circumstance
指出
,
指明
3.
情态动词加
have done
都是对
过去事情的推测
，区别只在于情态动词的不同
1)
“must+have+done”
表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成
“
一
定做过某事
”
，该结构只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last
night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad
to speak to the servant.
你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
2)
“can't+have+done”
表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成
“
不可能做过某事
”
。
1. Mr.
Smith can?t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in
the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我
刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2. Mary
can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.
玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
3)
“can+have+done”
表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成
“
可能做过
……
吗？
”
。
1. There is no light in the
room. Can they have gone out?
屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？
2. There is nowhere to find them. Where
can they have gone?
到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？
4)
“could+have+done”
是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
He could have passed the
exam, but he was too careless.
本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
5)
“may+have+done”
表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是
“
可能已经
”
或
“
也许已经
”
，用于肯定句中。
—
What has happened to
George?
—
I don't know. He may have
got lost.
—
乔治发生了什么事？
——
我不知道，他可能迷路了。
6)
“might+have+done”
1
表示
对过去事情的推测，
might
与
ma
y
意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。
1. He might have given you more help,
even though he was busy. (MET90)
他或许会多给
你一些帮助，即使他
很忙。
2.
She might have achieved greater progress, if you
had given her more chances.
如果你多给她点机会，她
可能
已经取得更大的成绩。
7)
“would+have+done”
虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是
“
本来会做
”
。
1. I
would have told you all about the boy's story, but
you didn't ask me.
我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，
但
是你没有问我。
2. Without your help, I wouldn't have
achieved so much.
没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。
8)
“should+have+done”
意思是
“
本来应该做某事，而实际没做。
”
“shouldn?t+have+done”<
/p>
表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work
should have been finished yesterday.
汤姆
，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应
该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't
have been so harsh on him.
看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
9)
“ought to+have+done”
表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成
“
理应做
……”
，往往表示遗憾。与
“should
+have+done”
用法基本一
样。
I ought to
have gone home last Sunday.
我理应上星期日回家。
You
ought not to have given him more help.
你不应该帮助他那么多。
10)
“need+have+done”
表示本来需要做某事而没有做。
“n
eedn?t+have+done”
则表示
“
本来不需要做某事而做了
”
。
I needn?t have bought so much
wine—
only five people came.
我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。
He need have hurried to the station. In
that case, be wouldn't have missed the train.
他本来需要快点去车站，那
样的话，他就不会误了火车
< br>
4. come across:
1) meet
or find by chance
偶然遇见；偶然发现
2) hand over or
provide what is wanted
交，交出（或提供）
< br>（所需之物）
Eg: I came across these old
photos recently.
最近我偶然发现了这些旧照片。
She has come across with
some details.
她已提供了一些详细资料。
come about:
happen; take
place
发生
come
along:
said when encouraging someone or
telling them to hurry up
加把劲；快来，赶快（用于鼓励或
催
促某人）
come
back:
1) recover from a deficit[
?d
?
f
?
< br>s
?
t](
（体育用语）失分数
)
从失利中复原，东山再起
2)
reply or respond to someone, especially vigorously
)
（尤指有力地）回答；反驳；回击；报复
come down :
(of
a building or other structure) collapse or be
demolished
（建筑物，
其他结构）
倒塌，
崩溃；
被毁
5. local:
adj.
belonging or relating to a particular area or
neighbourhood
当地的，地方的
a local custom
地方风俗
a local name
地名
local news
本地新闻
local government
地方政府
local time
地方时间
Para 3
1. brief:
1) a short duration
短暂的，短时间的
2)
concise in expression; using few
words
简洁的，简明的
in
brief:
in a few words; in
short
简言之
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