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高考英语真题详解
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阅读七选五
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解题技巧与实例
七选五阅读是全国及各省市高考卷中常见的一类新型阅读题型，
也是许
多考生感
到棘手的一道阅读题。
七选五阅读不仅仅是考查学生的
语言知识，
更侧重于考查
学生的逻辑思维能力，
七选五阅读不只是考查句内语法关系，
更侧重于考查句间
及跨句间的逻辑关系。
句间关系是一种承前启后的横向逻辑关系，
可分为承前关
系、
启后关系和承前启后关系三种。
跨句间关系是一种跨越多句，
甚至跨越段落
的语
篇结构
关系。
高考七选五阅读两种关系都有考查到，
主要是以考查句间横向
关系为主。
七选五阅读实例分析
例①：
2016
年全国一卷
第二节
（共
5
小题，每小题
2
分，满分
10
分）
根据短文内容，
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，
选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Secret codes
(
密码
)keep messages private.
Banks, companies, and
government
agencies use secret codes in doing business,
especially
when information is sent by
computer.
People have used secret codes
for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking
never lags(
落后
)
far behind code making. The science of creating
and
reading coded messages is called
cryptography.
There are three main
types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first
letters of
“
My
elephant eats too many eels
”
spell out the hidden
message
“
Meet
me.
”
38 You might
represent each letter with a number. For example,
let
’
s
number the
letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.
If we substitute
a number for each
letter, the message
“
Meet
me
”
would read
“
13 5 20
13
5.
”
A code uses
symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.
To read the
message of a real code, you
must have a code book. 39 For example,
“
bridge
”
might stand for
“
meet
”
and
“
out
”
might stand for
“
me.
”
The message
“
bridge
out
”
would
actually mean
“
Meet
me.
”
40 However,
it is also hard to keep a code book secret for
long. So
codes must be changed
frequently.
A. It is very hard to break
a code without the code book.
B. In any
language, some letters are used more than others.
C. Only people who know the keyword can
read the message.
D. As long as there
have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the
first letters of each word spelled
out.
F. With a code book, you might write
down words that would stand for
other
words.
G. Another way to hide a message
is to use symbols to stand for specific
letters of the alphabet.
解析<
/p>
36
：
D. As long as
there have been codes, people have tried to break
them.
本题为横向句间承前启后关系
，
As
long as there have been
codes
承接前一
句的
People
have used secret codes for thousands of
years
；
people have
tried to break
them
承接后一句的
Code breaking
never lags far behind
解析
37
：
E. You can hide a message by
having the first letters of each
word
spelled out.
本题为横向句间启后关系
，开启后
一句
For example, the first letters of
“
My
elephant eats
too many eels
”
spell out the hidden message
“
Meet
me.
”
对第一种设密方式的举例说明。
解析
38
：
G. Another way
to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for
specific letters of the alphabet.
本题来纵向跨句间关系
，
跨越四个句子，
第一句
There are three main types of
cryptography
为总结概括设秘有三种类型，
第二、
三句说明了第一种设密方式，
第四句说
明第二种设密方式
Another way to hide a
message
。
解析
39
：
F. With a code book,
you might write down words that would
stand for other words.
本题为横向
句间承前启后关系
，
With a code
book
承接前一句的
you must
have a code
book
；
write down words that
would stand for other
words
开启后一句对第三种设密方式的举例说明。
解析
40
：
A.
It is very hard to break a code without the code
book.
本题为横向句间启后关系
，开启后一句
it is also hard to keep a code book
secret for
long
，与之形成转折关系。
例②
2016
年全国二卷
A garden that
’
s
just right for you
Have you ever
visited a garden that seemed just right for you,
where the
atmosphere of the garden
appeared to total more than the
sum(
总和
) of
its
parts? 36 . But it doesn
’
t
happen by accident. It starts with looking
inside yourself and understanding who
you are with respect to the
natural
world and how you approach the gardening process.
●
__37 _
Some
people may think that a garden is no more than
plants, flowers,
patterns and masses of
color. Others are concerned about using
gardening methods that require less
water and fewer
fertilizers(
肥料
). 38 .