2018郑州市高三一模英语试卷及详尽答案解析

2018

高三一模英语试题及详尽答案解析

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第二部分阅读理解

(

共两节

,

满分

40

分

)

第一节

(

共

小题

;

每小题

2

分

,

满分

30

分

)

阅读下 列短文

,

从每题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

< br>和

D

四个选项中

,

选出最佳选项

,

并在答

题卡 上将该项涂黑。

A

When

I

was

a

boy

there

were

no

smart

phones,

and

our

television

only

got

one

clearly. Still, I never felt bored. The fields, hills and woodlands around my home were

the perfect play ground whose adventures were only limited by my imagination. I can

remember once hiking to a nearby lake and walking slowly around it. At the back of it

I

was

amazed

to

find

an

old

dirt

road

that

I

had

never

seen

before.

It

was

full

of

muddy

tyre

tracks

and

deep

woods

bordered

it

on

both

sides.

but

exploring

it

still

seemed like a fine adventure.

I walked on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure my guardian angel was

whispering

in

my

ear

around

and

head

back

home

,but

I

was

stubborn

and

walked on. There was still

neither

a car nor a house in sight. I noticed that the sun

was starting to go down and I grew scared. I didn't want to end up trapped on this road,

and I was worried that it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake

again.

I continued to walk on with something growing inside of me. My heart was

pounding and my legs were aching. I was almost in tears when I saw something in the

distance. It was a house that I recognized. I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.

It was still over a mile away, but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my

house in no time. I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner. Then

I ended my adventure with a good night's sleep.

I often thought of that experience recently. Actually, in our life all roads,no matter

how they twist and turn, can lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes here

on the can lead us to our homes in our hearts. May you always walk your

path with love! May you always help your fellow travelers along the way! And may

your roads always lead you home again

did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?

A. He could watch TV all day.

B. He could have fun in nature.

C. He had many friends to play with.

D. He used to explore the old dirt road.

does the underlined word

A. Doubt.

B. Hope.

C. Fear.

D. Courage.

23. How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?

A. He was contradictory in mind.

B. He was unconscious of danger ahead.

C. He was worried to be trapped in the woods.

D. He was afraid of being scolded by his parents.

24. What may be the best title for the passage?

A. Every Effort Is Worthwhile

B. All Roads Lead Home

C. Be Determined in Your Life

D. Be Brave to Adventure

B

A day in the life of 18-year-old David Lanster is full of typical teenage stuff: school,

baseball practice and homework. And then he starts cooking.

until 1: 00 a.m. making pies,or even later if we're cooking beef,

Ransom Everglades High School in Florida,US.

For the past year, Lanster and Kelly Moran, his classmate, have been hosting fancy

dinner parties at Lanster's parents' home. Their meals have 17 courses and are all

made by guests used to give them gifts to thank them until the pair

decided to do something nice for charity(

慈善

).

“We got some really great Miami

Heat tickets, a nice watch, and many kitchen gadgets(

小器具

),

wanted to make this something positive for people other than us.

Lanster and Moran focused on Common Threads, a charity that aims to teach kids

in poor communities to cook and make healthy eating choices. The young cooks ask

their guests to give however much they want as payment for their meals. It all goes to

Common Threads because Lanster's parents cover their food costs. After their last

12-person event, Lanster and Moran gave

﹩

1,600 to the charity.

Now, they're taking their show out of the kitchen and on the road. They have

started to organize private dinner parties with a similar model:the host pays for the

ingredients,and guests make a donation to a chatity of their choice.

Without formal training, Lanster said he had been interested in cooking since he

helped his mom in the kitchen when he was young. He learned how to cook by

reading cookbooks and watching TV programs. Outside the kitchen, the two are busy

preparing there applications. Neither of them is sure what they will do in the future,

but they've promised their parents that they will leave professional cooking alone until

they finish school.

25. How is Lanster's life different from other teenagers' lives?

A. He plans to become a professional chef.

B. He plays baseball every day after school.

C. He goes to a cooking school in his spare time.

D. He holds dinner parties after a normal school day.

will Lanster and Moran usually do after a private dinner party?

A. Receive thank-you cards from the guests.

B. Visit the poor children at Common Threads.

C. Ask the guests to donate money to the charity.

D. Cover the food costs with the money collected.

27. Which of the following words can best describe Lanster and Moran?

A. Ambitious.

B. Generous.

C. Creative.

D. Optimistic.

c

The hit movie Notting Hill (

诺丁山

) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant

bumps into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant

repeatedly says,

His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts' character were from British.

Then he would probably apologize repeatedly as well- even if the crash were not her

fault. But

this doesn't happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US.

A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people

apologize when they bump into someone in the street

一

regardless of whether they

are responsible or not. In fact, Britons use

they mishear someone, they say

apologize by replying,

compete over who is the most sorry.

Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrell,a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that

their apologetic tendencies are rooted in British class system. We say sorry because

historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working

class but also for not really being the upper class.

apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, If they bump into someone, he might get

ang

ry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry!

True manners are about being considerate, and today's constant use of

apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word

“sorry

lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a

British thing.

28Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning?

give an example of British modesty.

introduce different ways of saying sorry.

show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK.

draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry.

of the following statements might Mark Tyrell agree with?

should not apologize if they are not responsible.

ans care less about manners than British people do.

British people apologize so much is linked to the class system.

h people care too much about which social class they are from.

can be inferred from the passage?

's unnecessary for British people to be so polite.

overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere.

should not stick to the traditional use of the word “sorry

is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

explore the best way of saying sorry.

explain why Britons overuse the word

show how saying sorry has changed over time.

suggest many British people lack traditional manners

D

Imagine you're standing in line to buy as nackata step up to the counter

and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay, But instead of scanning a QR

Code (

二维的

)with your smart phone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can

scan your fingerprint, or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.

Now, this type of technology might not be far away. As technology companies

move away from the traditional password, biometric (

生物特征识别的

) security,

which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasing]y popular.

In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smart phones with a

fingerprint scaner. Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make

mobile payments has become commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And

since 2016,Samsung has featured eye- caning technology in it stop smart phone while

Apple's new

iPhone X can even scan a user's face. But despite its popularity, experts

warn that biometrics might not be as secure as weimagine. “Biometrics is ideally good

in practice, not so much,

When introducing the new iPhone's face ID feature, Phil Schiller, Apple's senior

vice

president, said, “The chance that a random person in the population could look at

your iPhone X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.

been done. In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed

how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. And they

aren't even twins.

professor at Michigan State University, told CBS News.

perfect.

Earlier last year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed

copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smart phone for the

police, according to a tech website Splinter.

more,

multiple security measures is the best defense.

is the latest identification technology in a smart phone according to the

passage?

scanning.

scanning.

Code scanning.

print scanning.

is a major problem of the iPhone X's face ID system?

takes too long to unlock the phone.

often fails to recognize its owner's face.

data can be used for other purposes

ent faces can be used to unlock the same phone.

is Anil Jain's opinion about biometric security?

is as secure as traditional measures.

B. It is perfect without much improvement.

has caused much trouble for the police.

D .It should be used with other security measures.

does the author intend to tell us in this passage?

popularity of biometrics.

ty problems of biometrics,

C. Various problems with biometrics.

changes caused by biometrics.

七选五

Helen Keller once wrote,

beginning of a happier life for ourselves.”____36___ The UN has set December5 as

International V

olunteers Day to give recognition to these people

Nineteen-year-old

Andrew

Makhoul

was

a

commumcations

major

at

the

University

ofPennsylvania.

It

was

coming

up

to

spring

break,

but

unlike

his

classmates, Makhoul wasn't planning on spending the break relaxing. _____37_____

He traveled to Guatemala. He went to an orphanage(

孤儿院

)in one of the most

violent and poor parts of Guatemala city. ____38____ .Although he didn't speak much

Spanish, he found communication wasn't a problem:” You communicated with love.

“And what

he gave out, he got

back:

you looked in

their

eyes

Makhoul's

first

time

as

a

volunteer

only

lasted

a

week,

but

by

the

end

of

that

week, he knew he'd be back in the future.

_____39_____

The

UN

highlighted

the

case

of

Palestinian

women

who

are

survivors of breast cancer. As part of the UN's Aid and Hope Programme for Patient

Care,

the

women

have

been

volunteering

their

time

to

create

low-cost

breast

prosthetics (

假体

) to be distributed to women

free, among whom Shahd El-Swerki is a brilliant example.

___40____By the end of

her

time

there

，

she

admired

these

women

who

are

not

only

survivors

but

also

volunteers.

About 2, 400 years ago, Greek philosopher Aristotle said,

本质

) of

life is

to serve others and do good. “V

olunteers all around the world are making these

words come true each and every day

depends upon volunteers to stay open

B. She worked with the women as part of the programme

C. Here, we tell two volunteering stories from around the globe

D. Sometimes, volunteers themselves live with huge challenges

K He decided to spend his time doing something useful for people

F. V

olunteers want to do their best to make the world warmer and more beautiful

G

. These words certainly prove true for the millions of volunteers all over the world

第一节完型填空

Our son Jason was born with cerebral palsy. My wife and I often__41___ him as

he faced many challenges in his early years.

It

was

____42___

to

see

him

chosen

last

for

baseball___43____,

but

he

was

happy and well __44___ by his peers throughout primary school. His most __45___

time

came

when

he

began

high

school.

One

afternoon,

he

returned

home

with

__46

____. He threw his

bag on the floor, shouting angrily, “I’ll

never

go to

school

again!” He was __

47___ with food other kids had thrown at him on the way home. He

didn’t tell us what had happened until later.

Several days earlier, he had ___48__ the school running team. That day, a few

older students made fun of his _49____ on the track and made him the _50___ of their

one-side food fight.

I called the headmaster about the matter and it never happened

again. He stayed on the team____51___ trouble continued.

One day in October, we had snow and freezing rain. As the other kids exercised

in

the

gym,

they

noticed

Jason

jogging

around

the

snow-covered

__52__.

A

few

weeks

later,

he

told

us

each

month

students__53

__

an

“athlete

of

the

month”.

The

coach

would

list

the

top

athletes,

and

students

voted

for

the

winner.

Jason’s__

54__

had

never

been

listed.

But

that

day,

one

of

the

students

said,

“I’d

like

to

nominate

Jason for the athlete of the month, sir!” The coach looked __

55___.

“He works harder than any of us, sir.” The student continued.

“But we’ll have to have someone _

56

___ the nominate.” The coach replied.

Tears

formed

in

Jason’s

eyes

as

he

told

us

what

happened

next.

“mom,

dad,

everyone in the class __57

___ their hand.”

We, also in tears, looked at him as he ___58___ showed his certificate.

Whenever

I despair, I think of this story.

I __59___ myself that challenges are

not overcome by force, but by patience, ___60___ and faith.

41

A.

comforted

B.

persuaded

C.

protected

D.

instructed

42

43

44

45

46

A.

A.

A.

A.

A.

boring

purposely

praised

merciful

confidence

B.

B.

B.

B.

B.

confusing

regularly

admired

enjoyable

sadness

C.

C.

C.

C.

C.

heartbreaking

exactly

respected

difficult

courage

D.

D.

D.

D.

D.

challenging

eventually

accepted

unforgettable

fear

47

A.

covered

48

A.

played for

49

A.

promise

B.

packed

B.

voted for

B.

performance

C.

faced

C.

prepared for

C.

goal

D.

supplied

D.

signed up for

D.

ability