-
1
Cellphones play an important
role in our society.
Increased dependence on cellphones has
led
to
a
rise
in
the
number
of
people
who
use
the
devices
while
driving.
The
use
of
cellphones
contributes to
the problem of inattentive driving.
A
study,
published
in
July
2005,
suggested
that
banning
hand-held
phone
use
would
not
necessarily improve safety, if drivers
simply switched to the hands-free phones.
The study found
that
crash
injury
risk
didn’t
vary
with
types
of
phones
.
Drivers
who
used
hands-free
phones
while driving were also likely to get
into crashes serious enough to injure themselves.
Many studies have shown
that using hand-held cellphones while driving can
bring a dangerous
distraction
(
注意力分散
)
.
However, the theory that
hands-free set are safer has been challenged
by the findings of several studies . A
study from researchers at the University of Utah
concludes
that taking on a cellphone
while driving is as dangerous as drunk driving,
even if the phone is a
hands-free
model.
An
earlier
study
by
researchers
at
the
university
found
that
motorists
who
talked
on
hands-
free
cellphones
were
18
percent
slower
in
braking.
Besides
it
took
them
17
percent
longer to regain the speed they lost when they
braked.
There was also a
study in September 2004.
It
found that drivers using hand-free cellphones
had to redial calls 40 percent of the
time, compared with 18 percent for drivers using
hand-held
sets.
The study suggested that hands-free
sets might provide drivers with a false sense of
ease.
The study, the
100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study, broke new
ground.
The new study found
that
the
most
common
distraction
was
the
use
of
cellphones,
followed
by
drowsiness(
困倦
).
However,
cellphone
use
is
far
less
likely
to
be
the
cause
of
a
crash
or
near-
miss
than
other
distractions, according to the study.
Title: 71.
________ and driving
Ⅰ
.
Influences of cellphones
●
Cellphone use while driving→ the problem of 72.
___________ →73.
__________
Ⅱ
.
A
summary of various studies
● A study 74
.
______
Hands-free phone use: as
dangerous as 75. _______
● A study by the University of Utah
Cellphone
use
while
driving:
as
dangerous
as
76.
_______,
even
if
it’s a hands
-free one
● An earlier
study
77.
_______while
driving:
slower
in
stopping
the
car
or
78.
__________
● A study in
2004
Hands-free phones:
misleading drivers with 79. _________of ease
●
The 100
-Car Naturalistic Driving Study
Other distractions: 80. ________likely
to be the cause of a crash or
near-miss
71. cellphones
72. inattentive driving
73. Crash injury risk
74. in July, 2005
75. hand-
held cellphones
76. drunk
driving
77. Motorists using
cellphones
78. regaining
the speed
79. a false sense
80. more
1
2
Society
is
a
web
of
relationships,
requiring
all
parties(
群体
)
to
work
together
to
create
something
good.
What
makes
society
work
best
are
effective(
有效的
)
relationships
that
are
based
on
mutual(
相互的
)
understanding.
If
you
understand
what
people
want
and
why
they
want it, you can usually find a way to
make progress together.
High-quality
relationships
make
people
happy.
Some
people
living
in
the
poorest
communities have almost nothing but
turn out to be the happiest because they share a
life together.
If effective
relationships are working, happiness is always
possible
Here are some simple tips for
building effective relationships.
Listen to and try to understand others’
positions and feelings
.
Listening in itself can lead to
understanding, and if you understand
someone else fully, then you know how to work
better with
him or her.
Openly express your needs and feelings.
Sometimes we expect
people
—
particularly those
close
to
us
at
home
or
work
—
to
understand
what
we
want
and
to
give
us
what
we
need
intuitively(
凭直觉地
).
However, people are so
complicated and so different that even when they
have lived together for 60 years, they
can still surprise each other.
So we need to say what we
need and to express how we feel.
In order to make our
relationships more effective, we should treat
ourselves and other people
with
respect.
Respect is one of
the most important elements of any good
relationship.
Finally,
learn
to
face
differences
correctly.
Learning
this
takes
time
and
can
be
uncomfortable.
However, if we can try to remove
differences in an effective way, we are more
likely to build exciting and satisfying
relationships with others.
By doing these things you may discover
that the happiness you long for is much closer
than
you thought.
Make society 74.
72.
Help people find a way to
75.
Make people happy because
of their 76.
Title:
71.
Understand
others’ positions and feelings by
77.
Try to express your needs
and feelings 78.
73.
Treat yourself
and others 79.
Learn to face the 80.
in a correct
way.
Answers: 71. Building
Effective Relationships
72.
Reasons
73.
Tips/ Ways/ Suggestions
74.
work
best
75.
make
progress
together
76.
sharing
a
life
77.
listening
78.
openly
79.
with respect
80. differences
2