英汉段落结构对比

英汉段落结构对比

英语：线性发展

汉语：螺旋型发展

典

型

的

英

语

段

落

结

构

：

中

心

思

想< /p>

句

开

头

（

topic

sentence

）

,

分几个方面对主题句进行阐述和发展。

最

后一句，对 主题句的照应，又引出后面一段的意思。

类型：

1.

并列型：

主题句

支持句

1

，

2

，

3

，

4

，

5

But

tha

t’

s

only

part

of

the

story.

The

most

remarkable

thing

about

daydreaming

may

be

its

usefulness

in

shaping

our

future

lives

as

we

want

them to be. Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser believed that

most

of

his

success

was

due

to

the

positive

use

of

daydreaming.

He

maintained

that

“

you

can

imagine

your

future.

”

Florence

Nightingale

dreamed

of

becoming

a

nurse.

The

young

Thomas

Edison

pictured

himself

as

an

inventor.

For

these

notable

achievers, it appears that their daydream came true.

并列型段落一般用于举例和分类。

2.

顺序型

一般用于叙述的时间和操作的程序。

主题句

支持句

1

支持句

2

支持句

3

支持

句

4

Can

you

use

purposeful

daydreaming

to

shape

your own future? Why not try? Here is how those

who

believe

in

creative

daydreaming

recommend

going

about

it.

Choose

a

time

when

you

can

be

alone and undisturbed. Close your eyes, to permit

your imagination to soar more freely. Many people

find

that

they

get

best

results

by

pretending

that

they are sitting before a large screen. They project

the desired image of themselves onto the screen.

3.

层递型：

常用于说理分析。

Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to

ehri integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility.

Lies

hurt

their

colleagues

as

well.

The

suspicion

of

deceit

undercuts

the

work

of

the

many

doctors

who

are

scrupulously

honest

with

their

patients;

it

contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of

“

defensive

medicine,

”

and

thus

it

unjures,

in

turn,

the

entire

medical profession.

4.

转折型

指段内句于句之间存在着意义的转折。

一般用于意

义的对比和对照。

Sharp

conflicts

are

now

arising.

Patients

are

learning

to

press

for

answers.

Patients

’

bills

of

rights

require

that

they

be

informed

about

their

condition

and

about

alternatives

for

treatment.

Many

doctors

go

to

great

lengths

to

provide

such

information.

Y

et

even

in

hospitals

with

the

most

eloquent

bill

of

rights,

believers

in

benevolent

deception

continue

their

age-old

practices.

Colleagues

may

disapprove

but

refrain

from

objecting.

Nurses

may

bitterly

resent

having

to

take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but

feel powerless to take a stand.

汉语自然逻辑结构：

因为，

… …

所以

因为，

……

所以

因此，

英语线形组织结构：

主题思想：

说明理由：

说明理由：

归纳主题思想：

英语段内连贯主要靠两点：

一、整体的发展结构，即结构粘连。

1.

重要性顺序；

2.

时间，空间；

3.

逻辑关系：一般——具体；具体——一般

4.

分类，对比

二、局部的衔接手段，即语言粘连。

英语的衔接手段：过渡词、词汇纽带和语法照应。