-
八
年级下册第五单元单词和短语
Unit 5 What were you
doing
【
when the
rainstorm came?
】
(
重点学习过去进行时
)
1.
wind
[w
i
nd]
n[U]
wind
风
There is no
wind today.
adj.
wind
y
刮风的
It is a windy day.
-
考：
There is too
much wind today.
-
考：
< br>What
’
s the weather like
today?
It is windy.
系
+adj.
-
考：
The candle was
blown out by the wind.
the+n/adj.
最高
2. light
adj.
light
轻的
a light rain/snow
heavy
重的
a
heavy rain/snow
adj.
light
浅色的
I like light blue.
dark
深色的
I
don
’
t like dark blue.
n
[C]
light
灯
turn on the
light
turn off the light
n
[U]
light
V
light
n
n
光
Light travels faster than sound.
点燃
light-lighted-lighted
light-lit-lit
He
lit the fire to keep warm.
flashlight
You should take a flashlight because it
is dark at night.
lightning
闪电
The tree was struck by
lightning.
主
was V3
-
考：
It
’
s very dark. There is
no light here.
no+
名词
-
考：
【
While we are
walking on a dark night
】
,
we often use
flashlights(
手电筒
)
-
考：
I
can
’
t read while you are in
my light(
光
线
)
my+
名
-
考：
The sun gives
us heat and light(
光
)
双宾人
物
(n)and n
-
考：
I
can
’
t read while you are in
my light(
光
线
).
3. area
['
e
?
r
?
< br>?
]
n[C]
area
地方
area-area
s
句
We should raise
money for the children in poor
areas.
-
考：
We should try
our best to help people in
the rural
areas.(
地区
)
4. sudden
[?s
?
dn
]
突然
n
sudden
all of a
sudden
突然地
adj.
sudden
His sudden appearance surprised
me.
adj.
n
adv suddenly Suddenly, he
saw a man near the stop.
adv
，完整句子
-
考：
Suddenly, he
was out of my sight.
-
考：
The boy
(suddenly) fell down from the
bike.
主
V2(fall-fell-fallen)
-
考：
The
car
suddenly(sudden)
stopped
in
front
of me.
主
V2
-
考：
Suddenly
(sudden), the thief rushed out
of the
store and tried to run away.
-
考：
He cried out
all of a sudden (
突然地
)
V
adv
-
考：
He was shocked
by the sudden(sudden)
accident.
adj.
n
-
考：
The man drove
away all of a sudden
V
adv
-
考：
The car
suddenly(sudden) stopped in
front of
me.
主
V2
-
考
：
Suddenly(sudden)
，
the thief rushed out
of the store and
tried to run away.
5.
rainstorm
[?r
e
?
nst
?
:
m]
n[C] rainstorm
暴风雨
r
ainstorm--
rainstorm
s
句
There was a
terrible rainstorm.
-
考：
The radio
says
【
that there will be a
heavy
rainstorm
tomorrow.
】
6. go
的相关短语
go on
继续
go on doing
继续做
=keep on doing
go out
出去
go out of the building
go
over
过一遍
You
should
go
over
your
look over
仔细检查
papers.
go straight
一直走
go
straight
along/down
the
road
go away
go
by
走开
Go away.
Don
’
t bother me
1
走过
A
car went by at full speed
2
时间流逝
Time goes by/How time flies
go off
1
离去
She got angry and went off.
2
铃发出声
He
didn
’
t
wake
up
even
though the
alarm went off
3
事情进展
The meeting went off very
顺利
/
不顺
well
4
东西变坏
The milk has gone off.
5
机器停止
The lights went off at 10 and
电灯熄掉
came on again at 6:00.
go
bad
变坏
The meat
went bad.
go through
通过
(
内部
)
Can the table go through the
door?
go across
通过
(
上方
)
You can go across the road.
go after
He had left his
wallet on the
table, so I went after
him.
go ahead
(
口语
)
请说
/
做<
/p>
May I ask you a question?
Go ahead.
go around
四处走走
Let
’
s go around
the town.
追赶
-
考：
My phone is
broken. It ___ just now.
A. came out
出版
/
发行
/
开花
/
发芽
B.
went off go
off
①铃发声②机器停止
电灯熄灭
C. took off
脱
/
飞机起飞
D. set off
出发
/
激起
(set off a panic)
-
考：
Why did you
miss the English class?
Because my alarm clock
didn
’
t ___.
A. go
off
①铃发声②机器停止电灯熄灭
B.
put off (doing)
推迟
/
推延
C. take off
脱
/
飞机起飞
D. fall off
掉下
=fall down
-
考：
（
2013<
/p>
安徽蒙城期末）
When the door bell ___ I was listening
to music.
A.
went off
B. went out
出去
C. broke down
坏了
D. set off
出发
/
激起
-
考：
（<
/p>
2011
山东青岛）
My car alarm is always ___
whenever
my
neighbor
’
s cat goes under my
car.
A. going off
B. going out
C. breaking down
D. setting off
-
考
：
My
alarm
clock
___
at
six
in
the
morning. Then I get up
and run for half
an hour.
A. sets off
B. goes off
C.
runs off
迅速逃跑
D. takes off
-
考：
As
time
____,
you
will
realize
the
importance of learning English.
A. goes by
B. runs out
用光
/
用完
/
耗尽
C. takes off
D. turns down
关小
/
拒绝
=refuse
turn down my invitation
=refuse my invitation
-
考：
My
alarm didn
’
t ___. So I woke
up late.
A. put off
B. go off
C. take off
D. get off
7.
when/while
当
…
时
①
when
①常搭配一般过去时、也可进行时
②主从句的动作可以不是同时发生
②
while
①常搭配进行时、主系表
②主从句的动作同时相伴发生
③
当前后都是进行时时，只能用
while
-
考：
（
20
13
菏泽）难题
___ the children have fun, parents can
take dance
lessons on the beach.
A.
when
B. if
C.
while
D. once
主从句的动作同时相伴发生
-
考：
(2013
福建泉州一中期中
)
Yesterday
evening
I
was
playing
the
piano
【
___ the
doorbell rang.
】
A.
when
B. before
C. while
-
考：
She was
standing in front of the library
while
it was raining.
当前后都是进行时时，
只能用
while
连接
-
考：
（
2012
重庆西南大学附中期中）
The girl was flying a
kite
【
___ her father
came back.
】
A. when
B.
while
C. until
D. after
-
考：
（
2012
四川绵阳）
___
I
was
in
the
US,
I
made
a
lot
of
American
friends.
A. While
B.
Although
虽然
C. Unless=if
not
如果不
D. Until
直到
-
考：
(2013
福建泉州一中期中
)
Yesterday
evening
I
was
playing
the
piano
【
___ the
doorbell rang.
】
A.
when
B. before
C. while
-
考：
（
2014
福建泉州期末联考）
< br>
I
was
doing
my
homework
___
my
father was
reading newspaper.
A. how
B.
while
C. if
8. report
[r
?
'p
?
:
t]
V
report
报道
5
个据
It
is said that
【】
It
is reported that
【】
It is believed
that
【】
It is
known that
【】
It
is announced that
n
report
报告
The weather
report will begin.
He made a report on
the problem.
n
report
er
记者
I am
outgoing, so I want to be a r_
-
考：
I want to be a
reporter in the future.
-
考：
Lisa dreams of
being a reporter.
-
考：
It was
reported
【
that there was
going to
be a football
match.
】
-
考：
What
do
you
think
of
this
football
match?
I’
ve
no
idea.
But
___
is
believed
【
that
the Spanish team will
win.
】
A.
that
B.
this
C. which
D. it
The scientists
agree
【
___ is very difficult
for robots to talk like
humans.
】
-
考：
It
’
s
reported(report)
【
that a new
zoo will
be built in our
city.
】
-
考：
Lisa dreams of
being a reporter (report).
9. alarm
[
?
'l
ɑ:
m]
n
alarm
报警
alarm (clock)
闹钟
句
His alarm clock
didn
’
t go off this morning.
-
考：
I
got
up
late
this
morning
because
my
alarm
was
broken
and
it
didn
’
t
wake
me
up.
-
考：
He was late
because the alarm didn
’
t
____.
A. go off
B. go out
C. sing
D. beat
-
考：
My alarm
doesn
’
t work. Who can help
me to repair it?
10. strange
[str
e
?
nd
?
]
奇怪的
adj. strange
I have a strange feeling.
adj.
n[C]
n
strange
r
I am new here. I am a stranger.
adv strange
ly
不可思议地
/
奇妙地
-
考：
Don
’
t talk with strangers on the Internet.
They may be bad men.
-
考：
Is there ____
in Today
’
s newspaper?
A. something strange
B. anything strange
C. strange something
D. strange anything
-
考：
Strangely,
I
don
’
t
know
the
man
who
spoke to me just now.
-
考：
Don
’<
/p>
t talk with strangers(strange) on the
Internet. They may be bad men.
11. sleep
V
sleep-slept-slept
Be quiet!
He is sleeping.
adj.
asleep
睡着的
fall asleep
入睡
fall-fell-
fallen
adj.
sleepy
困的
feel
sleepy
觉得困
feel-
felt-felt
-
考：
He
felt sleepy(sleep).
觉得
+
困
He fell _____(sleep).
入
+
睡
(asle
ep)
-
考：
（
2013
鄂州）
My
grandmother
often
falls
asleep
(
睡着
)
when
she
watches
TV
.
入
+
睡
(asleep)
-
考：
The
girl
began
to
dream
when
she
fell asleep(sleep).
fall-fell-falle
n
入
+
睡
(a
sleep)
-
考：
They were so
tired that they ___ asleep
soon.
A. dropped
B. drop
C. fell
D. fall
-
考：
He
felt
sleepy
(sleep)
so
he
fell
asleep
(sleep) quickly.
Don
’
t wake him up.
-
考：
He
didn
’
t sleep well, so he is
very sleepy
(sleep) now.
-
考：
I
didn
’
t
sleep
well
last
night.
So
I
felt
very sleepy.
-
考：
I
didn
’
t sleep well last
night, so I felt ___
this morning.
A. awake
B.
sleepy
C. sleepless
D. asleep
-
考：
The girl began
to dream
【
when she fell
asleep(sleep).
】
12. make sure
V
make sure
确保
/
查明
make sure
< br>【
that
从句】
句
Before you
leave the room,
【
make sure
you close
the
door.
】
-
考：
You should
check you paper carefully to
make sure
that you make no mistakes.
-
考：
There are many
books in the room. Make
sure
you
lock
the
door
before
you
leave.
-
考：
（
2013
山东青岛中考）
There
aren
’
t
many
tickets
left
for
the
concert.
You
’
d
better
__
that
you
get
one
today.
A. make sure of
B. make a decision
C. make sure
D. make plans
V
n
V
n
-
考：
（
2012
贵州遵义中考）
Li
Ming
is
so
careful
【
that
he
always
looks
over
his
exercises
to
___
there
are no
mistakes.
】
A.
make sure
B. find out
经过调查得知
C. think of
思考
/
考虑
13. hit
hit-hit-
hit
The ball hit the boy on his nose.
打、击
hit [C]
He made a hit on me.
撞击
/
一举成功
The
music is a great hit.
a hit song/hit
songs
-
考：
She hit
him on the head with a book.
14. break
违反、破坏
break-broke-broken
break the
rule
违反规定
打破、违反
break the
record
打破记录
obey
the rule
遵守规定
follow the rule
遵守规定
break
休息
They chat with me at break.
adj. broken
坏了的
The window is broken.
be
broken
-
考：
He
broke (break) his
glasses
【
when he
played football.
】
-
考：
（
20
13
北京东城期末）
The
window
___
by
some
kids
【
who
were playing
ball.
】
A. breaks
B. broke
C. is broken
D. was broken
-
考：
Mike broke the
window
yesterday(
改被
动
)
The
window
was
broken
by
Mike
yesterday.
时态：一般过去：
语态：被动
合并：主
was/were V3
15. date
[d
e
?
t]
n
day
天
What day is it
today?
问星期
n
date
日期
What date is it
today?
问日期
=What
is the date today?
-
考：
When is your
birthday?
Could you please tell me
the date.
-
考：
What
was the date yesterday?
st
It was May 1
.
-
考：
What is the
date today?
th
It
’
s September
10
.
-
考：
Please
tell
me
the
exact
date(
日期
)
of
your
wedding.(
婚礼
)
-
考：
What
’
s
the date today?
th
It
’
s September
10
.
-
考：
Please tell me
the exact date(
日期
) of the
weeding.
16. shock
[
??
k]
使
…
震惊
n
shock
The news
was a great shock to them.
V
shock
I was shocked by the
news.
主
was/were
V3
一般过去被动
固
①
be
shocked at/by
②
be shocked to
do
③
be shocked
[that
…
.]
-
考：
We were all
shocked that he could win
the game.
-
考：
I
am shocked to hear(hear) that a friend
of mine had an accident just now.
-
考：
We
couldn
’
t
believe
it.
We
were
all
shocked
when we knew the news.
-
考：
We
couldn
’
t
believe
it.
We
were
all
shocked
(shock)
when
we
knew
the
news.
17. recent
[
?
r
i:
sn
tl
i
]<
/p>
最近的
adj. recent
This is his recent news.
adj.
n
adv
recent
ly
Where
have you been (recently)?
=late
ly
-
考：
China has
changed a lot in recent years
adj.
n
-
考：
I
haven
’
t seen her recently.
-
考：
What kind of
books do you read recently
(recent)?
-
考：
This is his
recent situation
adj.
n
-
考：
What CDs have
you listened to recently
(recent)?
-
考：
Her
father
has been ill
recently(recent)
and he is
in hospital now.
in
hospital
住院
in the
hospital
在医院
-
考：
Great changes
have taken place recently
(recent).
18. tower [
?
t
au
?
]
n[C]
塔
[ C ]
t
ower-
tower
s
句
The tower of
Pisa is in Italy. It
’
s
famous because
it leans.
-
考：
We
are
looking
forward
to
visiting
the
Eiffel Tower.
look forward to
doing
期待
19. side
[s
a
?
d]
n
side
侧面
T
here are many
trees on the both
sides of the road.
n
一边
from one side to the other side
句
side by side
adv
肩并肩
walk side by side
by the side of
…
在<
/p>
…
边上
都
都不
neither
none
单
之一
either
any
单
每一个
之间
2
者
both
3
者
all
复
each
（
of
）
between
every
（
/
）
among
单
/
-
考：
There
are
many
trees
on
either/each
si
de(
单数
)
of the
road(
两者
).
There are many trees on
both sides
(
复
数
)
of the road
(
两者
).
There
are
many
trees
on
___
sides
(
复
数
)
of the la
ke
(
三者以上
)
.
A. both
B. all
C. each
D. neither
-
考：
The kids are
walking side by
side(
肩并
肩
)
-
考：
There
is
a
bank
by
the
side
of
the
road.(
在
…
边上
)
20. make
one
’
s way
to
朝
…
走去
-
考：
Although
there
were
lots
of traffic, we
still made our way to the zoo.
go
out of one
’
s way to do
特意
/
不怕麻烦
21.
mean[m
i:
n]
V
mean-
mean
t
-mean
t
What
does
this
word
mean
?
意思是、表示
What
(do
you
think)
this
word
means?
①不影响句子意思
②后面用陈述语序
n
mean
ing
What
’
s
the meaning
of this
意思、意义
word?
adj.
mean
ingful
This is a
mean
ingful
story.
有意义的
mean
ingless
n
means
I
have
taken
all
possible
手段、方式、方法
means
means of transportation
交通方式
句型
mean
doing
意味着
mean to
do
打算去做
-
考
:What (do you
think)
‘
anxious
’<
/p>
____
A. mean
B.
means
C.
meaning
D.
meant
-
考：
Coming
late means ___ a mistake.
A. to make
B.
made
C. making
D. make
-
考：
What
’
s the meaning of
this word?
=What does this word mean?
=What (do you
think) this word means?
-
考：<
/p>
（
2014
湖北宜昌天问学校期中）
I
think
【
the movie Badges of
Fury(
不二
神探
) is
funny.
】
I
don
’
t think so. I think
it
’
s ___.
A.
fantastic
B. wonderful
C. enjoyable
D. meaningless
22. mistake-mistook-
mistaken
错误
n[C] mistake
①
make mistakes in
在
…
犯错
make a mistake in
②
V
…
.
.by
mistake
错误地做
V
…
..
by
accident
偶然间
做
V
…
.
without any
mistakes
毫无错误
V
mistake mistake A for B
错把
A
当成
B
-
考：
He often makes
mistakes in spelling.
-
考：
He took my bag
by mistake.
V
adv(
地
)
-
考：
I mistook Mr.
Li for my father.
-
考
：
Be
more
careful!
Don
’
t
make
any
mistakes
(mistake) in your writing.
-
考：
When I speak
English, I always make __
Don
’
t
be
afraid
of
that.
That
’
s
how
we
learn.
A. trouble
B.
mistakes
C. influence
D.
challenges
-
考
：
He
did
his
homework
without
any
mistakes (
毫无错误地
)
23. passenger
['p
?
s
?
n
d
?
?
]
n[C]
passenger
乘客
passenger-
passenger
s
句
Many passengers
got hurt in this accident.
be hurt=get
hurt
24.
完全的
[k
?
m'pl
i:<
/p>
t]
V
complete
When did he
complete/finish it?
adj. complete
There is no such thing as complete
happiness in life.
adj.
n
adv complete
ly
It
was (completely) destroyed.
主
was/were
V3
一般过去被动
-
考
：
Oh
no
！
I
(completely)
forgot
your
birthday.
-
考：
Your task
should _____ on time.
A.
complete
B. is complete
C.
be complete
D. be completed
被动
时态：
mv
语态：被动
合并：
mv
被动主
(
时态特点
)be
变
V3
主
mv be V3
-
考：
【
As
soon
as
I
complete
(
完成
)my
training
】
, I am
going to be a bank seller.
-
考：
Excuse
me,
but
I
must
say
【
you
are
completely (complete)
wrong.
】
25. truth
[tr
u:
θ]
n
truth
实情
①
To tell you the truth,
句子
=To be honest,
句子
②
To
start with,
句子
=To begin with,
句子
③
To
make things easier,
句子
④
To find an easier way,
句子
⑤
To
V
原（表目的）
，句子
⑥
To
one
’
s surprise,
句子
adj. true
真实的
It is true
that
…
.
主
come
true
实现
adv
tru
ly
真实地
I am (truly) moved by the story.
主
am/is/are
V3
一般现在被动
-
考：
To tell you
the truth, I don
’
t like
chicken
either.
= To be
honest, I don
’
t like chicken
either.
-
考：
It
’
s ture that he passed the exam.
系
+adj.
-
考：
His dream
comes ture.
-
考：
If
you don
’
t tell me the
truth(true), I will
break up with you.
the+
名
/
最高级
-
考：
She
could
not
give
him
a
true(true)
answer.
考：
I am
(truly) (true) moved by the story.
主
am/is/are
V3
一般现在被动
-
考：
To be honest,
I don
’
t like math.
=To tell you the truth, I
don
’
t like math.
-
考：
I am (truly)
(true) sorry that things had to