-
Unit 5 What were you doing when the
rainstorm came?
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1.
miss
miss
作动词，意为“想
念，思念”
。例如：
I’ll miss you
when you go to Canada.
你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。
【拓展】
(1)
miss
作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：
I
tried to hit the ball but I missed.
我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。
(2) miss
还可意为“未赶上，错过”
< br>，是动词。例如：
I missed the football match
on TV last night.
我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。
(3) miss
与
like;
mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop;
can’t help; give up
等词一样后接动词
的
-
ing
形式。例如：
I don’t want to miss seeing
that film on television tonight.
我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
2. suddenly
sudde
nly
作副词，意为“突然，忽然”
，在句中多修饰动词或句子
，做状语。例如：
I suddenly
remembered that I didn’t bring my key.
我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。
It
all happened so suddenly.
一切都发生得那么突然。
3.
either
(1) either
作副词，意为“也不”
，用在否定句中。例如：
He can’t play the violin. I can’t,
either.
他不会拉小提琴，我也不会。
(2) either
pron.
（两者中）任意一个。例如：
There are many
trees on either side of the street.
在街道的每一边都有很多树。
(3) either…or…
为连词短语，
< br>连接两个相同的句子成分，
意为
“要么……要么……；<
/p>
或者……
或者……；不是……就是……”
。例如：
He either stays at home or
visits friends on the weekend.
在周末，他要么待在家里，要么拜访朋友。
They will come either tomorrow or the
day after tomorrow.
他们不是明天来，就是后天来。
【注意】
either…or…
连接两个主语时，
谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持
一致，
即遵
循就近原则。例如：
Either I or he is on duty today.
今天不是我值日，就是他值日。
4.
light
（
1
）
light
作不可数名词，意为“光；光亮；光线”
。例如：
The sun gives
out light and heat.
太阳发出光和热。
He read
the letter by the light of the candle.
他在烛光下读那封信。
（
2
）
light
作可数名
词，意为“电灯；光源”
。例如
;
Don’t cross the road when the traffic
lights are red.
当交通灯是红色时，不要横穿马路。
（
3
）
light
作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的”
。例如：
Is the box heavy or light?
那箱子是重还是轻？
I like
the light green dress.
我喜欢哪件浅绿色的裙子。
（
4
）
light
作动
词，意为“点燃；照亮”
。例如：
He sat down and lit a cigarette.
他坐下来，点了一支烟。
5. beat
beat
是及物动词，有以下用法：
(1)
意为“赢；打败；战胜”<
/p>
，后接人或某一团队、组织等，其过去式为
beat
。例如：
I beat him at long
jump yesterday.
昨天跳远我赢了他。
(2)
意为“打；击”
，表示连续不断的打击。例如：
Who is beating the drum?
谁在打鼓？
(3)
表示“
（心脏等）跳动”
。例如：
I
feel my heart is beating fast.
我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。
【拓展】
bea
t
和
win
都有“赢”的意思，但用法
不同：
beat
的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、
组织；
而
win
的宾语为比赛或某个项目，
过去式为
< br>won
。
例如：
Though we were weak, we
beat them.
虽然我们弱，但我们赢了他们。
Who won the first prize in
the competition?
谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖？
6.
against
against
是介词，其用法如下：
(1)
反对，违反。对应的反义词
为
for
，常用于
be
against sb. / sth.
反对某人
/
某事
例如：
Are most people
against having a part
-
time
job?
大多数人反对做兼职工作吗？
(2)
和……交战（指竞争、比赛
等）
。例如：
We’ll have a basketball
match against the team from No. 2 Middle School
next week.
下星期我们将于二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。
(3)
碰、撞、擦。例如：
Rain beats against the
window.
雨打在窗户上。
(4)
倚着、靠着。例如：
There was a ladder propped
up(
支撑
) against the
wall.
一把梯子靠着墙。
(5)
防备，抗……。例如：
She
saved money against old age.
她攒钱防老。
(6)
逆着……。例如：
We
are sailing against the wind.
我们（的船）正逆风航行。
(7)
衬托，相映，对照。例如：
Red flags stand out brightly against
the blue sky.
红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。
7. try
try
作动词，意为“尝试，努力”
。主要用法如下：
（
1
）
try to do sth.
意为“设法去做某事，尽量去
做某事”
，其否定形式为
try not to do
sth.
。
例如：
Try not to be
late again.
尽量别再迟到了。
Try to
get here in two hours.
尽量在两小时之内到达。
（
2
）
try
doing sth.
意为“试着做某事”
，强调尝试做某事
。例如：
You should try eating
more vegetables.
你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。
（
3
）
try
one’s best to do sth.
意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”
。例如：
We should try
our best to finish the work on time.
我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。
8. hard/hardly
ha
rdly
和
hard
形式上很接近，但
意义截然不同。
（
1
）
hard
作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的
；严厉的；苛刻的”
。
hard
作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”
。例如
：
I work hard at school.
我在学校努力学习。
This
ground is too hard to dig.
这块地太硬，挖不动。
They
tried hard to succeed.
他们努力工作，以求得成功。
【拓展】
work hard
at…
意为“努力于……”
。例如：
He is working hard at
English.
他正在努力学习英语。
< br>（
2
）
hardly
是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”
，相当于
almost not
，并非
hard
的
副词形式。例如：
There
is hardly any coffee left. = There’s almost no
coffee left.
几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。
词汇精练
I.
英汉短语互译。
1
．沉默；无声
________
2
．
remember to do
________
3
．首先；最初
________
4
．
have fun doing
sth
．
________
5
．感觉；好像
________
6
．
on the
playground ________
7
．
(
闹钟
)
< br>发出响声
_______
8
．
report
sth
.
to
sb
.
________
9
．逐渐变弱、消失
________
10
．
fall asleep
_____________
II.
根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1
．
Maybe there
will be a thunder ________
(
暴
风雨
)
．
2
．
My mind _______
_
(
突然
)
switched back to my conversation with
Jeremy
．
3
．
The smoker
tossed away the lighted ________
(
火柴
)
and so caused a
fire
．
4
．
I can’t read
while you are standing in my ________
(<
/p>
光线
)
．
5
．
It was _______<
/p>
(
报道
)
that there was going to be a football
match
．
6
．
The farm is
about 50 or 60 square kilometers in the ________
(
地区
)
．
7
．
You
should fly your kite a ________ the
wind
．
8
．
It rained so __
______
(
大
)
< br> last night that the lake is full of water now
．
9
．
John was very
tired
．
He soon fell a
________
．
10
．
I just want to
b________ this bad guy
．
III.
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1
．
I guess from
his red eyes that he has been working too _____
(hard) recently
．
2
．
Please remember
_______
(
clean
)
the room after
work
．
3
．
Wish you have
fun _______
(
learn
)
English this
term
．
4
．—
Why didn’t you
attend yesterday’s presentation?
—
Sorry
，
I ________
(
wait
)
for
an important EMS then from an
editor
．
5
．
Almost everyone
knows that the moon ________
(
rise
)
in the
east
．
IV
.
听力链接。
（
2019
年山东省临沂市中考）
听短文，
根据
短文内容，
判断下列句子正误，
正确的用“A”表示，
不正确的用“B”表示。
短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有
20
秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
11
．
Jack
，
a 7
-
year
-
old American boy
，
was
happy because it was
thanksgiving
．
12
．
Jack’s mother
put five small candies into the cake for good
luck
．
13
．
One coin was
lost, but Jack’s mother didn’t notice.
14
．
Jack couldn’t
speak for 15 years.
15
．
At the age of
27, Jack could speak again after he coughed
up
(
咳出
)
the cake .
【参考答案】
I.
英汉短语互译。
1. in
silence
2.
记得做某事
3. at
first
4.
做某事很有趣
5. feel
like
6.
在操场上
7. go
off
8.
向某人报告某事
9. die down
10.
睡着
II.
根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1. storm
2.
suddenly
3.
match
4. light
5. reported
6.
area
7. against
8. heavily
9. asleep
10. beat
III.
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. hard
2. to
clean
3. learning
4. was waiting
5. rises
IV
.
听力链接。
11
．
B
12
．
B
13
．
A
14
．
A
15
．
B
听力材料
听短文，根据短文内容，判
断下列句子正误，正确的用“
A
”表示，不正确的用“
B
”表示。
短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有
20
秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。
It was
Christmas
．
Jack
White
，
a 12
-
year
-
old American
boy
，
was
happy
．
Jack’s mother was
making a special cake for
dessert
．
His mother put five
small coins into the
cake
．
The five coins
were for good
luck
．
After
dinner Jack and his family ate the
cake
．
They found four coins
in the cake
．
Where was
the fifth coin? It was
lost
，
but Jack’s mother
didn’t notice
．
After
Christmas
，
Jack got
sick
．
He
coughed
，
and he couldn’t
speak. Jack’s parents took him
to the
hospital
．
Doctors at the
hospital took an x
-
ray of
his throat
，
and then
said
，
“
We’re
sorry
．
but
we
can’t help him
.
”
For 15 years Jack never
spoke
．
He grew
up
，
he got a
job
，
and he got
married
．
One
day
，
when Jack was 27 years
old
，
he coughed up something
small and black. What was
it? It was a
coin! Jack went to a special
doctor
，
and soon he was
talking
．
句式精讲
1. When he
woke up, the sun was rising.
was rising
意为
“
正在升起
”
，为过去进行时态，该时态表示在过
去某时间某动作正在发生，
由
“
助动词
was/were +
doing”
构成。例如：
They
were playing in the park.
他们正在公园里玩。
She was
reading a book when I came in.
我进来时她正在看书。
2. But
luckily, the driver was fine.
< br>luckily
作副词，意为“幸运地；幸亏”
，做状语
。例如：
Luckily
，
she found
my book.
幸运的是，她找到了我的书。
Luckily, we caught the last
train.
很幸运，我们搭上了末班火车。
【拓展】
（
1
）
lucky
作形容词，意为“幸运
的；有好运的”
。例如：
Some
people seem to be always lucky.
有些人似乎总是很幸运。
Nine
is my lucky number.
9
是我的幸运数字。
（
2
）
luck
作不可数名词，意为“好运；幸运；运气”
。例如：
I hope it will bring you luck.
我希望它会给你带来好运。
Good luck to you
！
祝你好运！
3. The roads were icy…
icy
作形容词，意为“结冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”
。例如：
It’s not easy to walk
on the icy roads.
在结冰的路面上行走不容易。
Because of the icy street, they can’t
drive the car.
因为街上结满了冰，他们不能开车。
Most people don’t want to swim in the
icy water.
大多数人都不想在冰冷的水里游泳。
【拓展】
ice
作不可数名词，意为“冰”
。例如：
The ice is thick enough to skate
on.
这冰够厚的，可以在上面滑冰。
The boy isn’t afraid of cold. He is
holding a piece of ice.
这个男孩不怕冷，手里握着一块冰。
4. But when I pointed it out to my
friend…
point out
意为“指出”
，是“动词
+
副词”结构
，人称代词作宾语时应放在动词之后、副词之
前。例如：
There is a mistake in this sentence.
Can you point it out?
这个句子有一处错误，你能把它指出来吗？
He pointed out the woman from these
photos.
他从这些照片中指出了那个女子。
【拓展】
（
1
）
point
作不及物动词，意为“
指；指向”
，常与介词
at
，
to
，
towards
等连用，表示“指
向某位置或方向”
。例如：
< br>
She pointed at me,
laughing.
她指着我笑。
（
2
）
poi
nt
作可数名词，意为“点；要点”
。例如：
< br>
Let’s discuss the difficult points
in the passage.
让我们讨论一下文中的难点。
5.
Why did you call so many times?
so many
意为“那么多”
，修
饰复数名词，例如：
He has so many
friends.
他有那么多的朋友。
There
are so many people in the exhibition.
展览会上有那么多人。
句式精练
I.
句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1
．
The old man
couldn’t find anywhere to live.
(
改为同义句
)
The old man could
________ _______ to live.
2
．
Mother was
cooking while I was doing my homework
．<
/p>
(
对画线部分提问
)
________ ________ your mother ________
while you were doing your homework?
3
．
Lily was
reading in the room at that time
(
改为一般疑问句
)
________ Lily
________ in the room at that time?
4
．
I was sleeping
at nine last night
．
Linda was
doing her homework at nine last night
．<
/p>
(
用
while
将句子合并为一句
)
I ________ ________
________ Linda ________ ________ her homework at
nine last night
．
5
．
Don’t forget to
lock the door before you leave
．
< br>(
改为同义句
)
______ _______
_______ the door before you
leave
．
II.
根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1
．这时，我要做的只是默默地服从他。
All I had to do
now was to obey him _______
_______
．
2
．天在下雨，记着随身携带你的雨衣。
It’s
raining
．
______ ______ ______
your raincoat with you
．
3
．起初我们并没有意识到她的伤口的严重性。
______ ______ we didn’t realize the
severity of her wounds
．
4
．我今天不太想散步。
I
don’t ______ ______ _______ very much
today
．
5
．昨天我和我的朋友打篮球打得很开心。
I ______ ______
playing basketball with my friends
yesterday
．
6
．据报道约
200
人在芦山地震中丧生。
It ______ ______ that about
200 people had lost their lives in Lushan
earthquake
．
7
．一直到早上
4
点聚会的人群才渐渐散去。
The party didn’t ________ ________
until about four in the
morning
．
8
．当我去接电话时，没有人说话。
When I ________ ________ the
phone
，
no one
spoke
．
9
．我室友的闹钟总是在午夜响起。
My
roommate’s alarm clock always ______ _______ at mi
d
-
night
．
10
．如果我开车时睡着了，就叫醒我。
If I fell asleep at the
wheel
，
______ me
______
．
III.
补全对话。
（
2019
年安徽省中考）
根据对话
内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两个选项为多余选项）
。
A. I hope so,
too.
B. What’s
the weather like in Winter?
C. Is that true?
D. I don’t think so.
E. Thank you for your
kindness.
F.
Yes, it’s really a nice and bright day.
G. What about your
hometown?
A: It
is such a lovely day. I love sunshine.
B:
1
.
A: I hope it
stays like this.
B:
2
.
A: Is the weather usually like this
here?
B: A bit hotter than
today.
A:
3
.
B:
It’s pretty cold and it often snows in winter.
4
.
A: A lot like the weather here, not too
hot or cold.
B: I heard it
rains a lot.
5
.
A: Mmm, yes. It rains but not any more
than other places.
【参考答案】
I.
句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1. find nowhere
2. What was; doing
3. Was; reading
4. was sleeping while; was
doing
5. Remember to
lock
II.
根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1.
in silence