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It+的用法

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2021-02-11 03:45
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2021年2月11日发(作者:3110)

























It


用法



i t


既可作人称代词,用来表示动物或无生命的物体等,也可以作无人称代词,在句中作主 语,表示








距离





天气



等。它还可以引导强调句,使语气得以加强。此外,


it


在句中能作引导词,充当句子


中的形式上的成分,如形式主语、形式宾 语等。




的最基本用法是作代词,主要 指刚提到的事物,以避免重复


:


也可以指动物或婴儿或


未知


的人






打电话;敲门等




They got a baby and it was a ten- pounder.





Who is it speaking?





Who is it there? It's I (


me


/you/he.....).


2


也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景


:



也可泛泛的指某件事:



(


有时泛指一般情况


)




I hate


it


when people talk with a full mouth.




I like


it


when the sun is shining and the shy is blue.




I have nothing to do with


it


.



It doesn’t matter


.



How is it going?(


情况怎样


)


3. i t


有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度等:



a.


指天气:


It is a lovely day, isn’t



it?



b.


指时间


: What time is it


by


your watch?


c.


指日期


: It is April First today.


d.


指距离


:It is


some


3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou.


e.


指价值


: It is three dollars.


f.



指温度


:Today it is 39 degrees centigrade.


其他用法



作形式主语,替代主语从句,动词不定式,或动名词短语:



作形式主语替代主语从句





It


is +


adj


(clear , obvious




true




possible




certain....) that


从句



该句型中


it


是形式主语,真正的主语是


that


引导的主语从句,常译为"清楚(显然,真的,肯


定.




)"是主语从句最常见的一种结构。





例如:


It is very clear that he



s round and tall like a tree.



= That he



s round and tall like a tree is very clear.


It was clear that they had no desire for peace.



很清楚他们没有和平的诚意





It is important(vital); necessary(essential); strange(odd, absurd);


natural… that…


”that


后的从句中要


用虚拟语气(


should +


动词原形)



should


可以省去









该句型和上一个同属一个句型。


由于主句中的形容词不同,


that


后的从句中要用虚拟语气



should


+


动词原形)



should


可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。



例如:



It is important that we (should) learn English well.


It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.



It is +


过去分词


+


that +


从句



It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/well- known/told/hoped; agreed/ rumored.....) that


从句



常译为"据说(据报道,据悉.








该句型中的


it


仍是形式主语,


真正主语是


that


引导的主语从句。


该结构常译为"据说


(据报道,


据悉.




)"。



例如:


It is said that he has come to Beijing.


It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.





It is suggested/ proposed/ advised/ recommended/ ordered/ insisted/ demanded/ commanded.. that..


should


do







该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求 ,建议,命令等词时,


that



后的


从句要用虚拟语气(


should +


动词原形)



should


可以省。常译为"据建议;有命令.



.< /p>




例如:


It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.


It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.




It is (about; great; good;high) time that


从句



(

虚拟语气


:


动词


用过去

< p>


)


该句型中


that


后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是





常用过去时态表示虚拟.





有时也用


should +


动词原形,


should


不能省。常 译为"是(正是)




.的时侯.



."。





例如:



It is (high) time you


made


up your mind.


I


t is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.



It is the first ( second ... ) time that


从句


(


从句用现在完成时



have done )


该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的



that



从句不用虚拟语气,而用 完成时态。至于用


什么完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时,后 面从句用现在完成时态;


如果是一般过去时,


后面从句则用过去 完成时态。


该结构中



that


可以省去;


it


有时用


this


替换.


< p>
译为"是第一(二)




.次.



."。



例如:


It is the first time I have been here.





= This is the first time I have been here.






It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that


从句









该句型中,


that


后的从句一般用虚拟语气(


should +


动词原 形)



should


可省去.表示出乎 意料,


常译为"竟然"。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。





例如:


It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.



这种事竟然发生在你们班上,


真是遗憾!



It is a pity that he is ill.









他生病了,真遗憾!



It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic


.



真可惜,这场雨把我们的野餐给搅了











It is a fact that English is being accepted as international language.


英语被认 为是国际语言,


这是


一个事实





It (so) happens that







It seems that







It occurs to sb that= It strikes sb that..






例如:


It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street.








碰巧.




It seems that he will be back in a few days.








看来.





It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to solve that problem.


我忽然想起我知道怎样解


决那个问题



作形式主语替代不定式






It



s + adj +


of



sb to do sth


不定式的逻辑主语是由



of


引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。




见的词有


bad




brave




careless




clever




cruel




foolish




good


(好心的)




honest




horrible




kind




lazy




modest




naughty




nice


(有教养的)




polite




rude




silly




stupid




wise




wrong


(错误的)等。



这个句型可以改写为:



sb. be+ adj to do sth







例如:


It is kind of you to say so.



= You are kind to say so.




It



s + adj +


for


sb to do


不定式的逻辑主语是由


for


引起,主句中的形容词通 常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全


等情况的中性形容词。



常见的形容词有:


important




necessary




natural easy




safe




common




normal




hard




difficult




dangerous




unusual




rare




impossible




pleasant


It is important for her to come to the party.




It takes sb. ... to do sth.




译为:



做 .



.要花费某人.






例如:


It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.



作形式主语替代动名词短语




It is no good / no use / useless doing sth.



常译为





有好处或没有用




常限于


no good, no use, useless, waste


等词的后面。



例如:①


It is no good/ use having a car if you can’t drive.




如果你不会开车,有车也没用




It is a waste of time watching TV


.




看电视是浪费时间。




It is no use asking him.




问他没有用。






It is no use talking to him about it.




和他谈这事没有用。




It is no wonder that


?







难怪?



在该句型中如果用肯定形式,


表示


“真奇怪,


真是令人惊讶”



wonder


前的


no


还可以用


small


等词替换,在 口语中,


It is


?


.. that


可以省略。



例如:


It is a wonder that he reused such a good offer.





真奇怪,他拒绝了这样好的帮助。



It is no wonder that he didn



t want to go.




No wonder he didn



t want to go.












难怪他不愿去。





作形式宾语,代替不定式,动名词短语或宾语从句。





该句型中的


it


作形式宾语,该结构中常用的动词有:


think, believe, make ,find consider, feel





:


Sb find/ think/ feel/ consider/believe/make



it + adj/ n to do sth


Sb have made it a rule to do sth


该句型中的


it


作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“


6123


结构 ”




6


指主句中常用的动词:


think, believe, make, find, consider, feel




1


指的是形式宾语



it





2


指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;



3


指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或< /p>


that


引导的宾语从




例如:



We think


it


our duty


to clean


our classroom every day.


The Internet makes


it


easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.


They found


it


difficult


that


they would finish their work in two days.


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