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2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题参考答案

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2021-02-11 03:36
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2021年2月11日发(作者:expensive是什么意思)


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绝密★启用前



2018


年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试









注意事项:



1


.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。


2


.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂< /p>


黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在


答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。



3


.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。



第一部分




听力(共两节,满分


30


分)



做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的


答案转涂到答题卡上。



第一节



(共


5


小题;每小题


1.5


分,满分


7.5


分)



听下面


5


段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的


A



B


< br>C


三个选项中选


出最佳选项。


听 完每段对话后,


你都有


10


秒钟的时间 来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。


每段对话仅读一遍。



例:


How much is the shirt?



A. ?19.15.



答案是


C




1.


What will James do tomorrow?


A. Watch a TV program.



B. Give a talk.



C. Write a report.



B. ?9.18.



C. ?9.15.



2. What can we say about the woman?



1


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A. She’s generous.



3. When does the train leave?



A. At 6:30.



B. She’s curious.



C. She’s helpful.



B. At 8:30.



C. At 10:30.



4.


How does the woman go to work?


A. By car.



B. On foot.



C. By bike.



5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?



A. Classmates.



B. Teacher and student.



C. Doctor and patient.



第二节



(共


15


小题;每小题


1.5


分,满分


22.5


分)



听下面


5


段对话或独 白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的


A



B



C


三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题


5

< br>秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出


5


秒钟的作答时间。每段对 话或独白读两遍。



听第


6

< p>
段材料,回答第


6



7< /p>


题。



6. What does the woman regret?



A. Giving up her research.



B. Dropping out of college.



C. Changing her major.



7. What is the woman interested in studying now?



A. Ecology.



听第


7


段材料,回答第


8



9


题。



8. What is the man?



A. A hotel manager.



B. A tour guide.



C. A taxi driver.



B. Education.



C. Chemistry.



9. What is the man doing for the woman?



A. Looking for some local foods.


2


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B. Showing her around the seaside.



C. Offering information about a hotel.



听第


8


段材料,回答第


10



12< /p>


题。



10. Where does the conversation probably take place?



A. In an office.



B. At home.



C. At a restaurant.



11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?



A. Go to a concert.



12. Who is Alice going to call?



A. Mike.



B. Joan.



C. Catherine.



B. Visit a friend.



C. Work extra hours.



听第


9


段材料,回答第


13



16< /p>


题。



13.


Why does the woman meet the man?


A.


To look at an apartment.


B.


To deliver some furniture.



C.


To have a meal together.


14.


What does the woman like about the carpet?


A. Its color.



B. Its design.



C. Its quality.



15.


What does the man say about the kitchen?




A. It’s a good size.



B. It’s newly painted.



C. It’s adequately equipped.



16.


What will the woman probably do next?


A.


Go downtown.


B.


Talk with her friend.


C.


Make payment.


听第


10


段材料,回答第


17



20


题。



17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?



3


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A. Movie fans.



B. News reporters.



C. College students.



18. When did the speaker take English classes?



A. Before he left his hometown.



B. After he came to America.



C. When he was 15 years old.



19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?



A. He’s proud.



B. He’s sympathetic.



C. He’s grateful.



20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?



A. How education shaped his life.



B. How his language skills improved.



C. How he managed his business well.



第二部分




阅读理解(共两节,满分


40


分)



第一节



(共


15


小题;每小题


2


分,满分


30


分)



阅读下列短 文,从每题所给的


A



B



C



D

< br>四个选项中,选出最佳选项。



A



Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours



Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.



Duration: 3 hours



This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world


-


famous cherry trees with


beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees


and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and


the cherry blossoms – disappear!



Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour



4


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Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)



Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,


D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique


facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.



Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.



Duration: 3 hours



Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals


looking


to


experience


Washington,


D.C.


in


a


healthy


way


with


minimum


effort.


Knowledgeable guides will entertain


you with the most


interesting stories about Presidents,


Congress,


memorials,


and


parks.


Comfortable


bikes


and


a


smooth


tour


route


(


路线


)


make


cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.



Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour



Duration: 3 hours (7 miles)



Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,


D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and


the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts


and


history.


Tour


includes


bike,


helmet,


and


bottled


water.


All


riders


are


equipped


with


reflective vests and safety lights.



21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?



A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.



B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.



C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.



D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.



22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?



A. Meet famous people.



B. Go to a national park.



5


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C. Visit well


-


known museums.



D. Enjoy interesting stories.



23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?



A. City maps.



C. Meals.





B



Good


Morning


Britain


’s


Susanna


Reid


is


used


to


grilling


guests


on


the


sofa


every


morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role – showing families how to prepare


delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.



In


Save Money: Good Food


, she visits a different home each week and with the help of


chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for


under ?5 per family a day. And the


Good Morning Britain


presenter says she’s been able to


put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14,


Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.



“We


love


Mexican


churros,


so


I


buy


them


on


my


phone


from


my


local


Mexican


takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “I pay ?5 for a portion (


一份


), but Matt makes them for


26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food,


but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”



The eight


-


part series (


系列节目


),


Save Money: Good Food


, follows in the footsteps of


ITV’s


Save Money: Good Health


, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the


vast range of health products on the market.



With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a


different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need


of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of


celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.



24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?



A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.



B. She has started a new programme.



B. Cameras.



D. Safety lights.



6


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C. She dislikes working early in the morning.



D. She has had a tight budget for her family.



25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?



A. He buys cooking materials for her.



C. He assists her in cooking matters.



B. He prepares food for her kids.



D. He invites guest families for her.



26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?



A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.



C. Add some background information.



27. What can be a suitable title for the text?



A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart



C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef



C



Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there


has


been


less


coming


and


a


lot


more


going.


When


the


world


was


still


populated


by


hunter


-


gatherers,


small,


tightly


knit


(


联系


)


groups


developed


their


own


patterns


of


speech


independent


of


each other. Some


language


experts


believe


that


10,000


years


ago,


when


the


world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.



Soon


afterwards,


many


of


those


people


started


settling


down


to


become


farmers,


and


their


languages


too


became


more


settled


and


fewer


in


number.


In


recent


centuries,


trade,


industrialisation, the development of the nation


-


state and the spread of universal compulsory


education,


especially


globalisation


and


better


communications


in


the


past


few


decades,


all


have caused



many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish


and Chinese are increasingly taking over.



At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is


hugely


uneven.


The


general


rule


is


that


mild


zones


have


relatively


few


languages,


often


spoken


by


many


people,


while


hot,


wet


zones


have


lots,


often


spoken


by


small


numbers.


Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and


7


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.



B. Balancing Our Daily Diet



D. Cooking Well for Less



B. Provide some advice for the readers.



D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.


< /p>


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the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The


median


number


(


中位数


)


of


speakers


is


a


mere


6,000,


which


means


that


half


the


world’s


languages are spoken by fewer people than that.



Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (


消亡


), with


only


a


few


elderly


speakers


left.


Pick,


at


random,


Busuu


in


Cameroon


(eight


remaining


speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or


Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question


-


mark): none of these seems to have much chance


of survival.



28. What can we infer about languages in hunter


-


gatherer times?



A. They developed very fast.



C. They had similar patterns.



B. They were large in number.



D. They were closely connected.



29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?



A. Complex.



C. Powerful.





B. Advanced.



D. Modern.




30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?



A. About 6,800.



C. About 2,400.





B. About 3,400.



D. About 1,200.




31. What is the main idea of the text?



A. New languages will be created.



B. People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.



C. Human development results in fewer languages.



D. Geography determines language evolution.



D



We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of


8

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-


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