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【英语】英语八年级英语下册阅读理解及答案

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2021-02-11 03:26
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2021年2月11日发(作者:phew)


【英语】英语八年级英语下册阅读理解及答案




一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)



1



阅读理解




Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries? Whether your worries are big or


small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries.



Try to find out what you are worry about.



Sometimes, you will know what you're worried about. Other times, you might not. Try to find it


out. If you can't, you can ask for help.



Think of ways to make it better.



There is always something you can do to help you feel less worried. Sitting there worrying is no


fun and it won't solve your problem.



Grades at school are often a top worry for kids. If you are worried about grades, ask yourself


these questions:



Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?





A



How do I get ready for class? Do I go over my notes even when there isn't a test?





B



Do I have a good place to do my homework?





C



Have I tried different ways of studying?



If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write down all the things you


could do



write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball game, say sorry to her or


him,


etc.


Once


you


have


a


list


of


things


you


could


do,


you


can


choose


the


one


that


gets


your


friend back.



Ask for help.



When you are worried, it can help to find someone to talk to. You can ask your parents, friends


or teachers for help.




1



How many steps are mentioned to deal with your worries in the passage?



A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Seven.




2



If


you're


worried


about


your


grades,


you


can


ask


yourself


these


questions


EXCEPT




A. Why are grades important?



B. What do grades mean to me?



C. How do I get ready for class?



D. Why don't my friends like me?




3



According to the passage, what will you do if you have a fight with your friend?



A. Make a new friend.



B. Don't talk to her or him anymore.



C. Have another fight with her or him.



D. Invite her or him to a basketball game.




4



The passage mainly tells us ________ .



A. who is often worried



B. when people are worried



C. how to deal with our worries



D. what kind of worries people have



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



D




3



D

< p>



4



C



【解析】


【分析】短文大意:短文分 三个步骤告诉我们如何处理我们的担忧:一是试着找


出你在担心什么,二是想办法让它变 得更好,三是寻求帮助。





1


)考查细节理解。根据短文内容,


Try


to


find


out


what


you


are


worry


about./


Think


of


ways to make it better./ Ask for help.


,可知给了三个步骤 ,故选


B






2


)考查细节理解题。根据


If


you


are


worried


about


grades,


ask


yourself


these


questions:


Why are grades important? What do grades mean to me?


How do I get ready for class?



可知


没有


“Why don't my friends like me?”


故选


D

< br>。





3


考查细节理解题。根据


If your worry is about a fight you had with a friend, you might write


down all the things you could do



write a note to her or him, invite her or him to a basketball


game, say sorry to her or him, etc.


可知如果你和朋友打架了,你可以邀请他进行篮球赛,故



D




< br>(


4


)考查主旨大意题。根据主题句

Everyone worries. But how do you deal with your worries?


Whether your worries are big or small, you can take these steps to deal with your worries. Try to


find out what you are worry about.


,结合文中的三个步骤,可知主要告诉我们如何处理 我们


的担忧,故选


C





【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先阅读短文,了 解短文大意。然后进行审题,弄清题


意。带着问题阅读短文,从短文的细节中直接找出问 题答案。对于主旨大意题,要根据文


章的中心思想和主题句确定。




2



阅读理解




As a volunteer teacher, I travelled a long way to a small village school in Longzhou, Guangxi. On


my way there, I thought about the village, the school, and the children there. However, my heart


sank when I arrived there. It wasn't what I expected. It didn't look like a school at all. The school


had only 3 rooms, one for Grades 1, 2 and 3, and another for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third


one for me.



The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told


them stories and my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave then a test to find out their level. To my


surprise, although the test was very easy, over half of them failed it, yet they all wanted to learn


new things. I knew they needed me.




I


am


busy


preparing


lessons,


and


reading


test


papers


every


night.


I


enjoyed


teaching


these


lovely and hardworking children, and I could see that they were making progress with my help. I


have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better and we are now good friends.



I have worked in Longzhou for a year now. I'm very happy, and the expeerience has been very


useful for me. I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue working


here.




1



In the passage,


.



A. felt excited


B. was happy


C. felt sad


D. was angry




2



The writer found the students' level was she expected after the first test.



A. just as B. higher than C. lower than D. as low as




3



What does the writer think of her experience in Longzhou?



A. It is boring. B. It is silly. C. It is meaningless. D. It is useful.



【答案】




1



C




2


< br>C




3



D



【解析】


【分析】短文大意:作者去 贵州一所学校餐馆,学校建设很破旧,学生成绩很


差,作者很喜欢这份工作,这段经历对 作者而言很有用,作者想继续在那里工作。






1


)推断 题。根据文章提到的


It didn't look like a school at all.


可知,



这个学校看 起来不像


学校,因而作者感到很悲伤,故选


C

< br>。





2


)细节题。根据文章提到的



To


my


surprise,


although


the


test


was


very easy,


over


half


of


them failed it, yet they all wanted to learn new things


可知,那里的学生学习成绩很差,故选

< p>
C






3


)细节题。根据文章提到的


and the expeerience has been very useful for me


可知,作者


认为这次经历对他很有用,故选

D





【点评】考查细节题和推断题,做细节题的时候,熟悉文章大意,熟悉问题,带着问题到


文章找出答案,即可,做推断题,联系上下文,确定句子的意义,即可。








3



阅读理解




Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost


80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more


and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting


ideas about why people are shy.




Is


it


possible


to


be


born


shy?


Many


scientists


say


yes.


They


say


15


to


20


percent


of


babies


behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly,


these


shy


babies


usually


have


shy


parents.


As


a


result,


scientists


think


that


some


shyness


is


genetic.



Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy


children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said


that


these


children were


often


bullied


(欺负)


by


their


older


brothers


and


sisters.


As


a result,


they


became


shy. At


the


same


time,


children with


no brothers


and


sisters


may


be


shy


as


well.


Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills


as children from big families.




You


may


also


be


shy


because


of


where


you


were


born.


When


scientists


studied


shyness


in


different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy.


But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says


the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed,


they feel bad about themselves. They blame


(责备)


themselves for their failure. In Israel, the


opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends


or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why


Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.



For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But


scientists


say


you


can


get


over


your


shyness.


They


suggest


trying


new


things


and


practicing


conversations. And don't forget-if you are shy, you are not the only one.




1



What is the passage mainly about?



A. Happiness. B. Shyness. C. Kindness. D. Loneliness.




2



What does the underlined word



A. Passed down from parents.



B. Learned from friends.



C. Taught by teachers.



D. Made up by brothers.




3

< p>


What can be learned from the passage?



A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.



B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.



C. Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.



D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.




4



We can learn from the passage that may cause shyness.



A. genetics, grown-ups and birthplace



B. genetics, family size and birthplace



C. family size, grown-ups and failure



D. genetics, family size and freedom


< p>


5



Scientis ts suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by .



A. blaming their failure on outside reasons



B. trying new things and practicing conversations



C. getting themselves away from their shy parents



D. trying to understand reasons for their shyness



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



A




3



C

< p>



4



B




5



B



【解析】


【分析】短文大意:这篇短 文讲的是世界上很多人会腼腆,人们腼腆的表现及人


们腼腆的原因和不同的国家的人对于 腼腆的理解,和怎样克服腼腆的状态。




1


)主旨大意题。根据文章主题句


They have some interesting ideas about why people


are shy.



可知这篇短文讲的 是腼腆,故选


B






2


)词意 猜测题。根据



Interestingly, these


shy babies


usually have


shy parents. As a


result, scientists think that some shyness is



genetic.



有趣的是,这些害 羞的孩子们通常有


腼腆的父母。结果,科学家认为一些腼腆是遗传的。

< br>genetic


是遗传的意思,故选


A

< br>。





3


)细节理解题。根据



Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found


that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters.




哈佛大学的科学 家研究了腼腆的孩


子们。他们发现


66%


的腼腆的孩子们有哥哥或姐姐。故选


C





4


)细节理解题。根据



As a result, scientists think that some shyness is



genetic.



Family


size might cause people to be shy as well.



You may also be shy because of where you


were born.



可知引起腼腆的原因是基因遗传、家庭的大小和出 生地引起的。故选


B






5


)细节 理解题。根据



But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest


trying new things and practicing conver sation.


但是科学家说你能克服腼腆的。他们建议常


识新 事物并且练习交流。故选


B





【点评】此题考查阅读理解。



首先理解问题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有


关的句子 ,并理解大意,最后仔细斟酌,找出答案,并核对。




4



阅读理解




Sydney Fredette is very busy. Not only is she a high school student, but she has also set up her


own organization


(组织)


, Beary Merry Christmas. She volunteers


(志愿)


to offer services to


poor children and families in Orange Country in California, US.



To remember her best friend who died of cancer nearly 10 years ago, Fredette decided to offer


services to those in Orange Country who are less lucky than she is.




She


began


with


the easy


idea


of


collecting


donated


(捐赠)



Build-A-Bears,


the


popular


toy


animal that is made by children themselves in the stores' workshops. Fredette then gave them as


presents to the homeless children in California during the holiday season.



With donations at more than 100 bears a year, Fredette and volunteers hold activities every


year, where volunteers not only give out the bears, but also clothing, meals, and other things.




Not


wanting


to


limit


(限制)



the


giving


to


just


the


holiday


months,


Fredette


held


other


activities for Valentine's Day, Mother's Day and Halloween, offering the chance to her volunteer


team to make a difference through the year.




their stories and see how happy they are.



Fredette even built a public food bank and offered a self-development class to students in her


school.



She plans to stay local and continue to help out in her hometown.




1



Which statement is Not True about Beary Merry Christmas?



A. It was set up by Sydney Fredette B. It gives out bears and other things



C. It offers services around America. D. It holds many activities every year.




2



Wha t can be the best title for the passage?



A. A public food bank



B. A self-development class



C. Fredette and Beary Merry Christmas



D. Build-A- Bear




3



In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the reading?



A. Sports


B. News


C. Art


D. Science



【答案】




1



C



(< /p>


2



C




3



B



【解析】


【分析】文章大意:介绍了


Fredette


创办了一个组织,他们经常在节日里为无家< /p>


可归的孩子提供服务,最后引述了这个主人公的言论。





1


)细节 题。根据文章提到的



She


volunteers


to


offer


services


to


poor


children


and


families in Orange Country in California, US


可知,它是在美国内提供服务,故选

C






2


)主旨题。根据文章介绍了


Fre dette


和圣诞快乐的基本内容和信息,可知文章的标题


为< /p>


Fredette and Beary Merry Christmas


,故选


C






3


)主旨 题。根据文章主要介绍了


Fredette


和她创办的组织的一 些事迹,可知这篇文章


应该能够在新闻报纸上看见,故选


B





【点评】考 查细节题和主旨题两种题型,做细节题的时候熟悉文章大意,熟悉问题,带着


问题到文章 找出答案,即可;做主旨题的时候,分析文章大意,概括中心意思,即可。




5



阅读理解




More than 1,000 different kinds of pieces of plastic, including 115 cups, 25 bags, four bottles


and two pairs of shoes, have been found inside a dead whale


(鲸鱼)


in Indonesia, according to


local officials.



When the whale was found on the island, it was already


decomposing when animal doctors


arrived. So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death, said Lukas, the leader of


the World Wildlife Fund in Indonesia. The plastic weighed about 6 kilograms, or 13 pounds, he


said.




But


pictures


of


the


dead


whale


caused


a


warm


discussion.


The


people


in


the


country


have


started to realize that it is because of using too much plastic. So has the government. Indonesia, a


nation of about 260 million people was the world's second-biggest producer of plastic waste in


2018, behind only China.



If the whales eat too much plastic, they will have a wrong feeling. They think that they are full.


And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good things they need, said Nicholas


who is the leader of the Ocean Conservancy. Moreover, eating too much plastic can make them


reduce their weight, their energy and slow down their swimming. As a result, whales are easier to


be hurt by the sharks and many other dangerous animals in the sea.




More


than


800


kinds


of


animals


in


the


sea


are


affected


by


about


8.8


million


tons


of


plastic


which


is


thrown


away


freely


in


the


ocean


each


year.


Plastic


can


also


stop


the


animals


moving


freely and sometimes they will cause them to die because they have to be under the water for


too long. Some plastic can make a small hole in their stomachs after they eat it.




1



What does the underlined word



A.


腐烂


. B.


吸收


. C.


凝固


. D.


飘散


.




2



Which country produced most plastic waste in 2018?



A. India. B. China. C. Indonesia. D. America.




3



What happens to the whales after eating too much plastic?



A. They will feel hungry.



B. They will die at once.



C. They will eat less healthy food.



D. They will attack sharks actively.




4



According to the passage, what can we infer?



A. Pictures of the dead whale caught few people's attention.



B. People kill whales because they are dangerous animals.



C. Plastic can stop sea animals moving freely, even cause them to die.



D. Indonesia government will take action to stop the sea pollution.



【答案】


< /p>



1



A




2


< p>
B




3



C




4



D



【解析】


【分析】这篇文章讲述在印 度尼西亚发现了一头死去的鲸鱼胃里有很多塑料。由


此引起了人们对过度使用塑料的反思 。





1< /p>


)细节题。根据后文


So they were unable to be sure if the plastic caused its death…


可知这


只鲸鱼在被发现时已经死了,可推知


decom posing


描述的是它死后的状态,结合选项,腐


烂的意思符 合语境,故选


A






2


)细节 题。根据第三段


Indonesia,


a


nation


of


about


260


million


people


was


the


world's


second-biggest


producer


of


plastic


waste


in


2018,


behind


only


China.


印度尼西亚是第二大产


国 ,仅次于中国,可见中国产生的塑料垃圾最多,故选


B






3

< p>
)细节题。根据第四段


And that will lead them to eat less food that provides all the good


things


they


need…


可只吃了太多塑料,



吃饱了



的错觉,会让鲸鱼不吃健康的食物,故选


C< /p>






4


)细节题。根据第三段


The people in the country have started to realize that it is because


of using too much plastic. So has the government.


这个国家的人们已 经开始意识到这是因为使


用了太多的塑料。政府也意识到了,由此可推知政府将会采取措 施阻止海洋污染。故选


D





【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻 找答案。




6



阅读理解





We


sometimes


say


the


lion


is



king


of


the


jungle


because


it


is


stronger


and


more


dangerous


than


the


other


animals.


It


can


run


faster


than


most


other


animals


and


it


can


hunt


better. The lion is the highest animal in the land food chain. In the sea the shark is at the top of


the food chain. It can swim faster than most other sea animals. It can also use its big teeth to


catch other sea animals and eat them.



What is at the top of the world's food chain? Humans are! We are not the biggest or fastest,


but we are the cleverest. We could not run faster than most animals, so we invented cars and


now we can move the fastest. We could not fight better than lions, so we invented guns. Now we


can hunt the best.



People's inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous too. For example, many years ago, in


Inner Mongolia, people used guns to kill


a lot of wild wolves. The wild wolves usually eat wild


rabbits. But in recent years, the number of wild rabbits is becoming bigger and bigger because


the a number of wild wolves is getting smaller and smaller. The wild rabbits competed for the


grass with the sheep and cows. Much of the grassland became desert because it was seriously


destroyed by the rabbits.



Remember that we are a part of the food chain, so we are in danger too! If we protect animals,


we are protecting ourselves.




1



The lion is the highest animal in the food chain.



A. ocean


B. land


C. sky


D. Earth




2



From the first paragraph, we can know that .



A. in the land the shark is at the top of the food chain



B. the shark can swim faster than most other sea animals



C. the shark can also use its big paws to catch other sea animals and eat them



D. the shark can live for a long time


< br>(


3



Many years ago, where did people use guns to kill a lot of wild wolves?



A. In Inner Mongolia.


B. In Paris.


C. In Africa.


D. In America.




4



Why are people at the top of the world's food chain?



A. Because they can use guns. B. Because they are the biggest.



C. Because they are the cleverest.


D. Because they can drive cars.




5



The topic of the passage is



A. Protecting animals is just protecting ourselves


B. The king of the jungle



C. At the top of the food chain D. The cleverest animals



【答案】




1



B



(< /p>


2



B




3



A

< p>



4



C




5



A



【解析】


【分析】主要讲了食物链, 告诉我们保护动物就是保护我们人类自己。





1


)细节题。根据


The lion is the highest animal in the land food chain.


可知狮子是陆地食物


链中最高级的,故选


B






2


)细节题。根据


In the sea the shark is at the top of the food chain. It can swim faster than


most other sea ani mals.


可知鲨鱼比其他海洋生物游泳游得更快,故选


B






3


)细节题。根据


For example, many years ago, in Inner Mongolia, people used guns to kill a


lot of wild wolves.


可知许多年前


Inner Mongolia< /p>


的人们用枪杀死许多野生狼,故选


A


。< /p>





4


)细节题。根据


What is at the top of the world's food chain? Humans are! We are not the


biggest or fastest, but we are the clev erest.


可知人类是食物链的顶部原因是人类是最聪明的,


故选


C






5


)细节题。根据

< br>If we protect animals, we are protecting oursel ves.


可知我们保护动物就是


保护我们人类自己。故选


A




< p>
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。




7



阅读理解




I never wanted a dog, but now I'm so glad I have one.



About two years ago my wife, Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a mother could love. We


named her Gertie. Gertie is the kind of dog that has to grow on you. So I decided that the dog


would be trained. This didn't quite go as planned. At 15 weeks old, she was nearly made to leave


the


Pet


smart


Training


School.


She


spent


every


night


lying


in


our


bed




snoring


(打鼾)



so


loudly that I hardly got a good night's sleep.



Then, about six months after she arrived, I felt that something in my heart was taking place,


and


I


was


unable


to


stop


it.


My


behavior


began


to


change.


I


began


to


smile


at


people


when


passing them in a street. I started calling my kids and, to my surprise, they started calling me. I


even


tried


to


speak


to


my


grandchildren


over


the


phone


once.


I


was


even


glad


to


listen


to


laughter from a 10-month- old granddaughter. The point is that I was changing.



My wife and I both agree that it is Gertie who has changed my behavior.



Gertie is now nearly two years old and almost fully grown. I have come to like the pet little by


little, though she is my wife's dog.




1



What did the writer think of the dog at the beginning?



A. It wasn't very lovely.



B. It could change his life.



C. It looked very beautiful.



D. It wasn't necessary to be trained.




2



What happened in about six months after Gertie arrived?



A. The dog didn't like the training school.



B. The writer never wanted the dog Gertie.



C. The dog began to call my kids, too.



D. The writer began to change his behavior.




3

< p>


Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the writers change?



A. He started calling his kids.



B. He began to smile at people.



C. He liked helping his neighbours.



D. He spoke to his grandchildren over the phone.




4

< br>)


What can we learn from this passage?



A. The dog has been trained very well.



B. The dog has made the writer more friendly.



C. The writer has become more confident.



D. The writer likes the dog better than his wife.



【答案】




1



A

< br>



2



D




3



C




4



A



【解析】


【分析】大意:本文介绍一 只名叫


Gertie


的小狗,作者由刚开始不喜欢养狗到喜


欢自己的小狗的故事。




1


)推断题。根据


Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a mother could love.


可知,妻子得到


一只狗,它的脸只有妈妈才喜爱,可推出作者刚开始 认为狗很不可爱,故选


A





2


)细节题。根据


I felt that something in my heart was taking place, My behavior began to


change.


可知,作者开始改变自己的行为,故选


D




3


)细节题。根据

< p>
I began to smile at people when passing them in a street. I started calling


my kids and, to my surprise, they started calling me.I even tried to speak to my grandchildren


over the phone once.


可知,文章没有提 到小狗帮助邻居,故选


C





4


)推断题。


Ger tie 15


周以前是在培训学校进行培训过的,经过培训后让作者由不喜欢狗


到喜欢自己的小狗


Gertie


,可见,狗被培 训的很好,故选


A




【点评】考查阅读理解能力,细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中


寻找答案。推断题需要根据上下文,推断出需要的信息。




8



阅读理解




McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created in Hong Kong by Alice Mak and Brian Tse.


Although


McDull


made


his


first


appearances


as


a


supporting


character


in


the


McMug


comics,


McDull has become a central character, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong.



McDull is a male pig who can be distinguished by a birthmark on his right eye. He has a heart of


gold,


but


he


isn't


very


smart


and


ordinary


in


every


way;


nevertheless,


he


has


many


dreams. However, every time he tries, he fails; he is disappointed, but tries again, exploring other


dreams. In this way he creates his own colourful world. He lives his life simply and naturally. He is


not perfect, but his attitude towards life, namely never giving up, makes him a popular character.



The first McDull movie documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.


As in the comics, McDull is a piglet who lives with his mother, Mrs Mak, in Hong Kong. He is a


kindergarten


student. He


has


a


happy


school


life with his


classmates


including


geese,


tortoises


and other pigs. McDull and his mum love each other very much. McDull tries his best to make his


mother proud of him and his mother tries hard to give McDull a happy childhood. After realizing


his dream, McDull sets himself another target: to become an Olympic champion just like female


windsurfer Lee Laishan.




1



Who created McDull?



A. Alice Mak.


B. Brian Tse.


C. Mrs Mak.


D. Both A and B.




2



Which of the following statements is RIGHT?



A. McDull is a female pig. B. McDull has a heart of gold.



C. McDull is very smart.


D. McDull isn't ordinary in every way.




3



What's McDull's attitude towards life?


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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