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高中英语常见易混易错近义同义词辨析
常见的英语近义词辨析
1.
路
way
—
Wherever
there is room for an object to proceed, there is a
way.
road
—
A road
is a prepared way for traveling with horses or
vehicles.
path
—
A
way suitable to be traveled only by foot
passengers or by animals.
route
—
A route is
a line of travel, and may be over many roads.
street
—
A street
is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or
village, when it
passes between houses
of dwellings.
2.
时代
(
期
)
(
时期
)
period
—
It
indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an
extent of time of any
length.
time(s)
—
It refers
to a period in history. in ancient times/ in
Victoria time
era
—
It
refers
to
a
very
long
period
of
time
marked
by
a
particular
feature
in
a
great new era of world revolution
age
—
It shows a
particular /a fairly definite period in history.
the Bronze Age, Iron
Age
3.
战斗
(
打仗
)
fight
—
It is a
bodily struggle (
奋斗
斗争
)
struggle
—
An
effort of any kind to overcome difficulty.
(
战斗
)
battle
—
A fight between armed
forces.
(
战役
)
campaign
—
A series of related
military operations in a war.
(
战争
)
war
—
A period of fight
between countries or states when weapons are used
and many people are killed.
(
对抗
)
combat
—
A fight, conflict,
controversy.
1
4.
牧师
(
教士
牧师
)
priest
—
A
person,
esp.
a
man
specially
trained
for
various
religious
duties
and
ceremonies, in the Christian church,
esp. in the Roman Catholic church
(
牧师
)
minister
—
A member of clergy,
esp. Protestant churches.
(
牧师
)
pastor
—
A Christian religious
leader in charge of a church and its members,
esp. in a Protestant church.
(
教区牧师
)
vicar
—
A priest in charge of
an area(parish) in the church of England.
father
—
A little
of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman
Catholic.
5.
服装
clothing(collect)
—
(fml)
General term of clothes.
clothes(no
single)
—
Coverings of the
body such as coats, dresses, suits, shoes,
hats.
garment(fl)
—
A
suit of clothes used by actors./a single article
of clothing.
costume
—
1) The
fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation,
class, period, etc.
2) A dress worn by actors in a play.
uniform
—
worn by
all members of the community.
dress
—
1) A kind
of outer garment worn by women
(
连衣裙
).
2) worn on special occasions
(
礼服
) evening dress/ morning
dress
suit
—
A set
of outer clothes to be worn together. evening
suit/swimming suit
coat
—
A garment
with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from
rain, heat, etc.
overcoat
—
A warn
coat worn in the street.
6.
哭
cry
—
The most
general one.
(
哭泣
)
weep
—
To let flow tears.
(
抽泣
抽嗒
)
sob
—
To weep or sigh with
short quick breaths.
(
呻吟
)
moan
—
To make a low,
miserable sound in pain or sorrow.
2
(
呻吟
)
grown
—
To make a low sound of
pain, unhappiness or disapproval
(
哀悼
)
mourn
—
To feel or show
sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.
7.
美丽
漂亮
good-
looking
—
Having an attractive
appearance in a strong, healthy way used for
men and women not things.
beautiful
—
( a
woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features
or perfection of
proportion, elegance
and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful
girl/voice/city/face
beautiful weather.
handsome
—
Of
attractive appearance applies to men. a handsome
fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.
pretty
—
(a girl,
or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and
sweetness, pleasing or
nice to look at.
a
pretty
little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece
of music,
lovely
—
(something) So beautiful that it makes you feel
good to look at it or even
to think
about it.
The garden looks lovely.
fair
—
Beautiful(
of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.
gorgeous
—
(persons
or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.
8.
拉
拖
pull
—
The most
general one.
draw
—
It
implies
a
smoother, steadier motion
and
generally
a
lighter force
than
pull.
drag
—
It usually
refers to horizontal motion or motion up an
incline (slope) and it
suggests
laborious
efforts
over
rough
ground
or
against
friction,
resistance
or
gravity.
The
escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding
place.
3
9.
旋转
turn
—
The most
general one.
(
自转
)
spin
—
To turn quickly around
a central point.
It emphasizes the
continuity of the action, and usually the narrow
extent of the
circular
motion.
The wheel is spinning on its
axis.
(
急转
)
whirl
—
To round very fast.
It implies the lock of conscious
control.
The leaves whirl in the wind
in the yard.
(
转动
)
rotate
—
To turn round a fixed
point with a circular movement.
The
earth rotates once every 24 hours.
10.
生气
气愤
anger
—
The most
general one.
(
易怒
) be
cross
—
Feeling easy to get
angry.
(
暴怒
)
fury
—
Violent, extreme and
destructive anger.
She flew into a
fury.
11.
错误
(
误会
)
mistake
—
A wrong thought,
act. It implies carelessness Anyone can make
a mistake.
(
过错
弱点
)
fault
—
A
bad
point,
but
not
of
a
serious
moral
kind.
It
refers
to
behavior and character.
His only fault is that he lacks ambition.
find fault with sb / at fault
shortcoming
—
Weakness,
failing
It refers to failures or
deficiencies in things as well as people.
In spite of all her shortcomings I
still think she's one of the best teachers in the
school.
(
疏忽
)
error
—
A mistake (formal
sometimes literary)
It implies
deviation from a standard or model
The
accident was caused by human error.
4
(
缺点
毛病
)
defect
—
sth lacking or
imperfect.
It refers to quality.
The radio was returned because of a
defect.
(
失误
过失
)
blunder
—
A very stupid or
unnecessary mistake.
It implies
ignorance.
This is the fatal blunder
of his life.
12.
图画
picture
—
The most
general one.
(
彩图
)
painting
—
pictures with
color.
(
绘画
图画
)
drawing
—
A
picture
made
with
a
pen,
pencil
and
crayon.
Sketch,
diagrams and graphs
are all drawings.
(
草图
)
sketch
—
A rough not detailed
drawing.
(
图
解
图
表
)
diagram
—
A
drawing,
figure
that
shows
the
arrangement
of
something.
(
曲线图
)
graph
—
A diagram in which a
straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows
how two sets of numbers or measurements
are related.
(
插图
)
illustration
—
A picture to go
with words of a book.
(
图样
草图
)
draft
—
The first rough
written form of anything.
(
平面图
)
plan
—
A line drawing of a
building as it might been seen from above.
13.
特别
(
专门的
,
与众不同的
)
special
—
Different
in
some
way
from
what
is
common,
ordinary, or usual.
It stresses having a quality,
character, identity, or use of its own.
The tube contains special gases.
(
特别的
)
especial
—
(fml) To an usually
great degree, exceptional
It
emphasizes the importance of the things or the
persons mentioned
This is a matter of
especial importance.
5
(
各别的
)
particular
—
Relating or
belonging to only one thing or person.
It stresses the distinctness of
something as an individual which is worth notice.
In
that particular case, the rule
doesn't hold.(
适用
)
(
特种的
)
specific
—
Detailed
and
exact,
clear
in
meaning
and
explanation,
fixed,
determined.(used in scientific
articles)
It implies a quality or
character distinguishing a kind or a species.
He gave me a very specific instruction.
There is a specific tool for each job.
14.
取消
消灭
(
取消
解除
)
cancel
—
To give up, to
declare something is to be effective.
He has cancelled his leave of
absence.(
消假
)
(
消灭
排除
)
eliminate
—
To get rid of.
We should eliminate the false and
retain the true.
(
撤消
废除
)
repeal
—
To bring to an end of
the effect of a law or an order.
Some
laws should be repealed.
15.
破碎
break
—
The most
general one.
(
压碎
压破
)
crush
—
To press together
violently as to break, to destroy its shape
by squeezing it. It suggests the effect
of great external pressure.
The tree
fell on top of the car and crushed it.
(
打碎
)
smash
—
To break thoroughly to
pieces with a crushing sound.
She
dropped the plate and smashed it.
(
打裂
)
crack
—
To break without
separation of parts.
It suggests the
breaking out across a surface.
He
cracked the window by leaning against it.
(
破裂
)
burst
—
To break open by
pressure from within.
The fireworks
burst while they were in the air.
(
砸碎
破碎
)
shatter
—
To break into
pieces.
It suggests the breaking up of
a thin surface.
6
The glass was shattered to pieces.
(
撞坏
)
crash
—
To refer to the
vehicle which hits something and is badly damaged.
16.
环境
形势
(
环境
形势
)
conditions
—
The
location
and
other
factors
likely
to
affect
it.
It
suggests
something that has stayed the same for some time
and which affects
daily life such as
food, work, and houses.
We are now
studying the economic conditions in the developing
countries.
(
形势
)
situation
—
A position or
state at a particular time, set of conditions,
facts,
and events having an effect on a
person, society, etc.
It suggests more
general matters such as government planning and
finance.
The political situation in
these countries are always changing.
(
环境
周围
外界
)
environment
—
The
circumstances,
things
and
conditions
that
influence you. It
refers to spirit aspect, physical aspect and
material aspect. We
must try to
beautify our environment.
(
形势
情况
)
circumstance(s)
—
A
situation
or
event
around
us,
a
certain
kind
of
atmosphere,
the
conditions
that
affect
what
happens.
in
(under)
the
circumstances
(
环境
周围事物
)
surrounding
(s)
—
The
area
and
environment
around
a
place
or
person.
It
indicates
a
very
narrow
condition,
sometimes
reflects
spiritual aspect.
They lived in hostile surroundings.
17.
著名的
well-known
—
(infl)
famous
—
The most
general one. widely known or honored.
(
杰出的
知名的
)
distinguished
—
Great,
outstanding marked by excellent quality or
deserved
fame,
used
especially
of
people
who
are
famous
for
serious
work
in
7
science, the
arts etc.
He was a distinguished
writer.
(
驰名的
)
celebrated
—
Famous,
(substitute for renowned)
It refers
objectively to sb or something that has been give
acclaim or honoured
with awards or
prizes. She was a celebrated actress.
renowned
—
Highly
honored
and
famous
for
something
good.
often
refers
to
places or things, also It suggests
something that has become legendary or is no
longer available for an objective
evaluation.
Edison was renowned for
his inventions.
noted
—
Well-known
and admired
It often describes a more
intellectual kind of effort and accomplishment
indicating
an authority or expert or
their theories. Maybe it is not widely known to
the general
public. He was a very noted
expert.
(
臭名昭著
)
notorious
—
Famous for
something bad.
He is notorious for his
crimes.
18.
强盗
thief
—
The most
general one.
(
强盗
)
robber
—
It suggests a direct
confrontation in which the owner is forced to
give up his valuables.
(
行凶强劫
)
mugger
—
A person who attacks
and robs people in a street or in a lift.
burglar
—
A person
who breaks into a house at night to steal
something.
(
歹徒
暴徒
)
gangster
—
A
member
of
a
group
of
criminals,
esp.
those
who
are
armed and use guns to threaten.
(
匪徒
)
bandit
—
an armed robber.
It suggests an organized group in a
rural setting.
(
海盗
)
pirate
—
A person who robs on
the sea.
8
19.
摇动
,
颤动
shake
—
The most
general one. to move up and down or back and
forth.
It refers to persons or things.
(
发抖
)
quiver
—
To tremble a little.
It suggests a rapid but invisible
vibration.
His lips quivered with
emotion.
(
颤
抖
)
tremble
—
To
shake
uncontrollably
and
slightly
as
from
fear,
cold,
excitement etc.
It implies
uneasiness and nervousness.
Her voice
trembled as she began to sing.
20.
说话
谈话
(
说话
)
speak
—
To use your
voice to say words.
(
说
)
say
—
To speak words.
mutter
—
To express
displeasure with compressed lips.
(
谈论
)
remark
—
To mention it or
comment on it.
(
陈述
)
state
—
To say, express or put
into words, esp. formally.
He stated
his view.
(
讲述
)
narrate
—
To
tell
formally
in
writing
or
speech
or
describe
something
in
order with intonation.
He
narrated his adventure in the forest.
(
讲演
)
address
—
To say in speech or
writing to a person or group.
tell
—
To let
people know about something.
talk
—
To say
things to someone.
converse
—
To talk
formally.
The scholars are conversing
with each other on linguistics.
chat
—
To talk in a
friendly, familiar, informal manner.
The two friends sat in a corner and
chatted.
9
chatter
—
To talk
continuously rapidly about small things.
The schoolgirls went along chattering.
whisper
—
To talk
in a low voice.
She whispered me not
to talk so loudly.
murmur
—
To make a
soft sound, esp. to speak or say in a quiet voice.
He often murmurs to himself.
(
闲谈
)
gossip
—
To talk about the
details of other people's actions and private
lives
which may not correct or proper.
That woman is very fond of gossiping
about others.
21.
事情
< br>,
事件
(
事
)
thing
—
An event, a fact, a
subject.
He talked of many interesting
things.
(
事情
)
matter
—
Seth
that
you
have
to
deal
with,
something
to
be
discussed,
thought over.
There are several matters to be dealt
with at the meeting.
(
事务
责任
)
business
—
A special duty,
something that has to be done.
Public
business is every one's business.
(
事务
)
affair
—
An event or set of
connected events. (pl) private and personal life.
I have many affairs to look after.
(
事
件
)
event
—
An
important
happening.
Events
such
as
birthdays
and
anniversaries are often celebrated.
Do you know the chief events of 1986.
incident
—
Not as
important as an event. Incidents seldom are
celebrated.
Sometimes an event becomes
an incident after many years have passed.
(
偶然事件
)
happening
—
An occurrence, and
sometimes an unusual one.
There have
been strange happenings here lately.
(
偶发事件
)
occurrence
—
An incident that
is usually unexpected and has not been
10
planned ahead of time.
Flood is practically an annual
occurrence in this district.
22.
承认
admit
—
To agree to
the truth of, usu, something bad.
It
suggests reluctance or possible objection.
He admitted his crime/stealing.
(
自白
供认
)
confess
—
To admit guilt as to
a crime or as to a shortcoming, in the
sense of making known to others one's
own error or wrong doing.
He confessed
his fault/doing something wrong.
acknowledge
—
to
agree the truth of, recognize the fact or
existence of what have
said or done,
good or bad.
It
emphasizes
openly
in
a
embarrassing
or
awkward
and
usually
not
voluntary
way.
I
acknowledged my signature/mistakes/errors/having
been defeated.
grant
—
To admit or
to agree something is true.
I granted
his request/his honesty.
take sth/sb
for granted.
recognize
—
To
accept or acknowledge it.
It refers to
something about law and diplomacy.
The
new regime was recognized by China.
23.
走路
walk
—
The most
general one.
(
蹒跚
)
stagger
—
To walk unsteadily,
slide and drag the feet almost falling at each
step, usually because of illness,
injury or drink.
After drinking too
much, he staggered in the street.
(
闲逛
)
stroll
—
To walk, esp. slowly,
for pleasure.
11
It emphasizes a slower movement, more
wandering and aimless with suggestions
of many starts and pauses.
They are strolling through this park.
(
漫步
徘徊
)
wander
—
To move about without
a fixed course, aim, or purpose.
He
was wandering about/down/through/up and down the
street.
24.
跳
jump
—
The most
general one. to throw oneself into the air.
(
跳起
)
leap
—
(literary)
To spring through the air, often landing in a
different place.
The boy leaped over
the brook without difficulty.
(
跳跃
)
spring
—
To leap suddenly and
quickly.
He sprang to his feet at the
sudden noise.
(
跳着跑
)
bound
—
To spring lightly
along.
It suggests high spirits and
excitement.
His dog bounded to meet
me.
(
轻快地跑
)
skip
—
To
move
in
a
slight
dancing
way,
as
with
quick
steps
and
jumps.
The little girl
skipped at her mother's side.
hop
—
To jump on
one leg.
The boy had hurt his leg and
had to hop along.
25.
特点
特征
quality
—
The most
general one.
(
特点
)
characteristic
—
Quality
typical
of
a
particular
person
and
thing,
a
special
and
easily recognized quality of sb/sth.
It has may scientific or technical
uses.
It
implies
neutral
description
in
referring
to
any
aspect
of
something
without
12
evaluating
its relative importance to the whole.
A useful characteristic of the cat is
its ability to catch and kill mice.
(
特征
)
character
—
The combination of
qualities which make a particular person,
thing, place, etc.
A
tendency not to show emotions is supposed to be
part of the British national
character.
(
性质
)
nature
—
The qualities make
someone or something different from others.
It
indicates
the
widest
range
of
traits,
including
emotional,
mental and
physical
qualities.
It is only human nature to like money.
(
特征
)
attribute
—
A quality
belonging to or forming part of the mature of a
person
or thing.
The word
is positive rather than negative.
Darkness is an attribute of night.
(
特色
)
feature
—
A typical and
noticeable part or quality.
It
suggests something positive and specifically
It refers to physical appearance.
A lake is an important feature in this
area.
(
品质
特性
)
trait
—
A particular quality
of sb/sth.
It refers to more abstract
attributes. Honesty and diligence are the chief
traits of
his character.
(
个性
)
personality
—
The whole nature
or character of a particular person.
It refers to the whole indefinable
emotional coloration that a specific person gives
off. He has a strong personality.
26.
增加
increase
—
To make
or become larger in amount or number.
13
it refers to quantity or
intensity as well as size.
The
population of this county has increased.
add
—
To
put
together
with
something
else
so
as
to
increase
the
number
size,
importance.
He added some
wood to increase the fire.
(
扩大
)
enlarge
—
To grown larger or
wider.
I want to enlarge this
photograph/house.
(
放大
)
magnify
—
To make something
appear larger than in reality, esp. by means
of a lens.
You have
magnified the peril.
(
扩充
)
amplify
—
To make large or
fuller, esp. give fuller information, more details
etc.
to amplify a radio
signal/sound.
(
扩展
扩张
)
expand
—
To increase in range
scope or volume as well as in size.
Iron expands when it is heated.
(
加长
)
extend
—
To make longer in
space or time, to extend a railway.
Can't you extend your visit for a few
days.
27.
笑
(
微笑
)
smile
—
The corners
of your mouth move outwards and slightly upwards.
He smiles his consent./with
satisfaction.
(
大笑
)
laugh
—
To make a noise to
show one's amusement and
happiness.
You
can
laugh
at
a
joke
or
at
an
amusing
sight.
You
can
laugh
at
someone without being
amused.
They all laughed loudly.
(
哄笑
)
roar
—
To laugh long and
loudly.
They roared after they heard
the joke.
14
(
嘲弄
)
mock
—
To laugh at sb(sth)
when it is wrong to do so, esp.
by
copying in a funny or contemptuous way.
The students mocked the seriousness of
his expression.
twit
—
(infl) To
make fun of sb because of behavior, a mistake, a
fault, etc.
He twitted her with her
timidity.
(
讥笑
冷笑
)
sneer
—
To express proud
dislike by a kind of usu, one- side smile or
to show scorn or contempt by looks.
She sneered at the furniture in his
neighbor's home.
joke
—
To make fun
of.
You mustn't joke with him about
religion.
(
轻视
)
scorn
—
To look down upon.
28.
疯
mad
—
Showing that
one has amanita illness which often causes them to
behave
in strange way.
crazy
—
(infl) Very
strange or foolish.
29.
味道
smell
—
The most
general one.
It refers to something
pleasant or unpleasant.
scent
—
A smell
esp. left by an animals, an pleasant smell.
Our dog lost the fox's scent.
perfume
—
A sweet
or pleasant smell.
It refers to either
natural smell or a man-made smell and stresses a
strong and
rich smell compared with
fragrance
flavor
—
The
particular
quality
of
tasting
good
or
pleasantly
strong.
The
bread
hasn't much flavor.
stink
—
A strong
unpleasant smell. the stink of sweaty feet.
15
30.
怕
fear
—
The feeling
that one has when danger is near.
(
可怕
)
dread
—
A great fear esp. of
some harm to come.
It suggests fear of
facing whatever is coming. Usually dread also
means loss of
courage.
Illness is the great dread of his life.
(
畏惧
)
fright
—
The feeling or
experience of fear. sudden great fear.
I nearly died of fright at the sight of
escaped lion.
(
恐慌
)
alarm
—
Sudden fear and
anxiety as caused by the possibility of danger and
excitement caused by fear of danger.
The news caused great alarm.
(
恐惧
)
terror
—
Extreme and intense
fear.
The people ran from the enemy in
terror.
(
恐怖
战栗
)
horror
—
A feeling of great
shock, fear and dislike.
I cried out
in horror as I saw the man killed.
(
惊恐万状
)
panic
—
Sudden uncontrollable
quickly-spreading fear or terror, which
results in unreasonable and frantic
activity.
When I realized the
situation I got into a panic.
31.
闪光
shine
—
The most
general one.
(
闪耀
)
glitter
—
To shine brightly
with flashing points of light.
All
that glitters is not gold.
(
发火花
)
sparkle
—
To shine in small
flashes.
It suggests uneven, bright
flashes reflected from light-catching objects.
We can see a diamond sparkling in the
sunlight.
(
闪光
)
flash
—
To give out a sudden
and monetary bright ray of light/
To
shine suddenly for a moment.
(
闪烁
)
gleam
—
To send out a bright
light moderately, mildly not violently.
16
A cat's eye
gleamed in the dark. The lantern gleamed.
(
冒火花
)
spark
—
To send out small bits
of fire.
He was so angry that his eyes
sparked furiously.
glimmer
—
To give a
very faint, unsteady light.
The lights
glimmered in the distance.
(
闪烁
)
twinkle
—
To shine with a
unsteady light that rapidly changes from fright to
faint.
The stars are
twinkling in the sky in the evening.
glow
—
To give out
heat and/or light without flames or smoke.
The iron bar was heated until it
glowed.
(
闪烁
)
glint
—
To give out small
flashes of light, as the eyes of an eager person
are
supposed to do
The sun
glinted through the leaves after the shower.
(
眩光
)
glare
—
To shine with a strong
light in a way unpleasant to the eyes.
The lights of the car glared at me.
flame
—
To burn
brightly.
You can see the burning log
flaming.
(
冒火苗
)
blaze
—
To burn with a bright
flame.
The house is blazing.
(
闪闪燃烧
)
flare
—
To burn with a bright
flame, but uncertainly or for a short time.
The candles flared in the wind.
dazzle
—
To make
unable to see because of a sudden very strong
light.
The headlight dazzles.
32.
大
big
—
Large in
size, extent or important.
large
—
Much bigger
than average
great
—
Very large,
important, and good.
great change /
great writer / great idea.
17
huge
—
Very fig in
size, amount and degree.
It stresses
volume.(
体积
)
a
huge house/ make a huge profit.
vast
—
Very large
and wide, great in size or amount.
It
stresses area.(
体积
)two
dimensional extensions
It is a vast
expanse of desert.
Vast plains/ vast
majority / at vast expanse.
immense
—
Very
great in size or degree./very large or huge.
It stresses three dimensional largesse.
It implies immeasurableness.
an immense palace/ immense importance
The government will build an immense
stadium.
enormous
—
Extremely large./Very large in size, amount or degree.
It stresses not only size but
degree.
It implies abnormality.
He earned enormous sums of money
an enormous animal/ enormous appetite/
enormous amount
tremendous
—
Extraordinarily
large
in
size,
amount
or
degree.
/
Large
or
impressive
It implies
astonishment, terror.
tremendous speed
/ tremendous noise/ tremendous amount /tremendous
feeling.
titanic
—
Very big
or important.
It refers back to the
Titans, a race of giant in Greek mythology. It
stresses force
and power.
We've made titanic effort to achieve
our purpose.
colossal
—
Very
large indeed.
It comes from Colossus
of Rhodes a huge statue that is one of the wonders
of the
18
ancient world.
It implies
incredibility.
33.
感情
feeling(s)
—
It can
refer to mind or body. It's either pleasant or
painful.
(
感觉
)
sensation
—
(u c n) A direct
feeling coming from the senses and
conveyed
to
the
nervous
system
by
the
organs
of
seeing,
hearing,
touching,
tasting or
smelling. Sugar gives a sensation of sweetness.
(
激情
)
emotion
—
(c
n)
Any
of
the
strong
feelings
of
the
human
spirit
Love,
joy,
anger,
hatred and grief are emotions.
His
speech had an effect on our emotions rather than
our reason.
(
强烈的激情
)
passion
—
Strong emotions,
strong, deep often uncontrollable feeling,
esp. of sexual love, hatred or anger.
The poet expressed his burning passion
for the woman he loved.
(
情操
情趣
)
sentiment
—
(u c n) A tender
or fine feeling as of pity, love, sadness or
imaginative remembrance of the past.
It's
not
a
beautiful
watch,
but
I
wear
it
for
sentiment
because
it
is
my
father's.
Admiration, patriotism and loyalty are
sentiments.
34.
工作
职业
work
—
(u n) A very
general one.
job
—
(c
n)
Any
sort
of
gainful
regular
employment
whether
permanent
or
temporary.
He
had a good jog in a bank.
profession
—
It
suggests
a
position
that
can't
be
gained
without
a
considerable
amount of
higher education.
It
implies
intellectual
work,
scholarship
and
mainly
refers
to
three
learned
professions-law, medicine and theology.
19
What do you
think of the profession to be a teacher?
occupation
—
What
he is engaged
in,
either continuously
or
temporarily,
for any
purpose, whether of profit of
amusement, learning.
Can you find
occupation suitable for his abilities.
employment
—
(u n)
What one is doing, work done in service of another
in order to
make a living or get
pay./temporary business,
The
government gives some money to the worker out of
employment.
vocation
—
(c
n)
A
job
which
one
does
because
one
thinks
one
has
a
special
fitness
or ability or sense of duty.
It
suggests
the
people
do
it
in
order
to
help
others
not
for
the
earning
of
a
livelihood.
teaching and nursing. Teaching children ought or
be a vocation as well
as a way of
earning money.
position
—
(fml)
A
job,
post,
usually
involving
professions
managerial
or
clerical
work,
not manual.
She got a position as a
governess.
He lost his position as
steward.
35.
停止
stop
—
The most
general one.
pause
—
To stop for
a short time.
He paused to pick up a
stone.
cease
—
To
stop moving or acting.
It implies a
total extinction.
They ceased (from)
quarrelling. To cease fire.
quit
—
To stop
doing something and leave.
It implies
the meaning of
He quitted his
school/job.
knock
off
—
(infm)To stop
20
terminate
—
To come
to an end.
The two countries
terminated their relations.
36.
持久
durable
—
Long-
lasting
It refers to the power to
resist change, delay and wear.
we must
make a durable peace.
(ever)-lasting
—
Continuing for a long
time/unending.
It refers to something
that may end sooner or later. a lasting sorrow/ a
ever-lasting
friendship.
permanent
—
Lasting
for ever.
The permanent of the treaty
is in doubt.
enduring
—
Lasting
and continuing to exist.
It implies
great resistance to both time and change.
37.
旅行
journey
—
The most
general one.
It
is
now
usually
used
of
travel
by
sand
and
often
suggests
the
covering
of
considerable
time
or
distance,
and
a
direct
going
from
a
starting
point
to
a
destination, with no necessary
implication of a return.
travel
—
A passing
from place to place, not necessarily in a direct
line or with fixed
destination.
trip
—
(infm)
It
suggests
the
covering
of
shorter
time
or
distance
and
a
direct
journey and implies
an final return to the starting point.
tour
—
A
journey
that
returns
to
the
starting
point,
and
many
places
are
visited
generally over a considerable distance
often by means of a circuitous route. for
instance for sightseeing, inspection,
honey moon, business.
excursion
—
It
emphasizes a temporary departure from a given
place and specifies
21
a return to it. It can point to a sea
or land tour or to a short outing a short journey
made for pleasure usu by several people
together.
voyage
—
A long
journey on a ship or in a spacecraft.
38.
抓
,
握
grasp
—
To take
hold of something firmly usu using the whole hand.
Grasp all and
lose all.
He
grasped her by the hand.
clasp
—
To hold
something firmly and tightly with one's arms or
hand round.
The child clasped his doll
protectively.
clutch
—
To grasp
something quickly and greedily.
It
suggests eagerness or an anxiety in seizing or
grasping and may implies less
success
in holding.
The mother clutched her
baby in his arms.
seize
—
To take
hold of suddenly with force. The animal seized its
prey.
To seize sb by the hand/to seize
something from sb.
snatch
—
To grasp
something quickly and suddenly sometimes secretly
It suggests more suddenness or
quickness but less force than seize.
The thief snatched her purse and ran
away.
grab
—
(infml) It
implies more roughness and rudeness than snatch.
She grabbed
his arms and pulled him out
of the room.
grip
—
To take a
very tight hold of something esp. with your
fingers or with a tool.
He gripped the
nail and pulled it out.
39.
看
凝视
see
—
To experience
with the eyes and it does not depend on what you
want to
do.
look
at
—
To use your eyes on
purpose and with attention.
22
watch
—
to look for
some time at something that may move.
gaze
—
To look long
and steadily, often with the implication of
wonder, admiration.
stare
—
To gaze
intently esp. with wide-open eyes as in amusement,
admiration,
wonder, deep thought, anger
or fear.
glance
—
To look at
something quickly and briefly.
glimpse
—
To see by
chance, just for a moment.
glare
—
To stare
angrily, fiercely.
It emphasizes
hospitality or fear.
peep
—
To look
quickly and secretly or from a hiding place.
peer
—
To
look
sharply
and
curiously
with
a
narrowing
of
the
eyes often
a
movement of the head
forward.
gape
—
To look hard
in surprise, esp. with the mouth open.
40.
静
quiet
—
Without any
sound. A quiet person is not noisy or loud. A
quiet street may
have little or no
traffic on it.
still
—
Without any
movement.
An engine is still if it is
not running.
silent
—
Without
any words.
calm
—
Peaceful. A
calm person is relaxed. He doesn't get excited
easily.
peaceful
—
(something) Gentle and restful and calm.
It is very peaceful in the country.
41.
消灭
destroy
—
To damage
it so much that it is completely ruined.
The enemy soldiers destroyed everything
in sight when they captured the village.
damage
—
To hurt or
lower the value of something.
23
The car was damaged in
the accident.
ruin
—
To destroy
gradually, little by little. An object that has
been ruined has lost
all its value or
usefulness, which can't be repaired or fixed.
Moths ruined good woolen clothes by
eating holes in them.
spoil
—
To ruin
something so it can't be used.
Milk
will spoil if it is not kept cold.
wreck
—
To break
it, destroy it, or spoil it completely.
It usually refers to vessels or
vehicles.
42.
结果
result
—
The most
general one.
What happens because of
something else.
It indicates a strict
causal link between the two events.
The word may often suggest an earlier
action
deliberately taken to gain a
particular goal. It suggests a unique or
unpredictable
one-time action.
consequence
—
(fml)
Something that follows from an action or
condition.
More
often
the
word
suggests
a
negative
result
or
at
least
the
negative
concomitant (
相伴的
)
of an otherwise desirable effect.
Cancer is a consequence of smoking.
effect
—
A special
or particular result.
It gives a more
objective almost scientific tone and emphasizes a
principle that
underlies a chain of
events.
Did the medical have a good
effect.
43.
表明
代表
mean
—
The most
general one
show
—
To show that
something exists or is true means to prove it. It
refers to the
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