2020年高考英语模拟预测卷(四)(全国1卷)

3.

非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡 各题目指定区域

内的相

应位置上；如 需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅

笔和涂改液，不按以

上要求作答的答案无效。

4.

考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

第一部分

阅读理解

(

共两节

,

< br>满分

40

分

)

第一节

(

共

15

小题

;

每小题

2

,

满分

30

)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项

(A

、

B

、

C

和

D)

中，选出最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂。

A

In the last 50 years, sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 1-2°

C, which is more

than twice the global average.

Loss of species

Global warming could basically change the ecosystem, leading to the loss of some species. Sharks are

going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the warming trend continues, a bit more slowly than crabs-crabs are

going to get there first, but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.

Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony fishes would lead to great changes

in the number and proportions(

比例

)of species found there.

Shrimp, ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines.

Animals living in shallow water in Antarctica are unique on Earth today because they evolved(

进化

)in a

very cold environment over tens of millions of years.

Extreme conditions

In the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago, all major

seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because they were not able to deal

with these extreme conditions.

However, today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and we’ve seen recently that crabs,

especially king crabs, are on the doorstep of Antarctica-they can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if

warming continues.

Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last environment and measures are needed to

stop alien species being brought in through ships.

Strange creatures

Animals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth. The

extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time, leading to

the evolution of fish equipped with anti- freeze proteins in their blood.

1

．

How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica?

A

．

They will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.

B

．

They will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.

C

．

The sea surface temperature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.

D

．

The number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.

2

．

How does the author feel about the alien species’ invasion to Antarctica?

A

．

Worried.

B

．

Doubtful.

C

．

Satisfied.

D

．

Excited.

3

．

Which is the best title of this passage?

A

．

Creatures in Antarctica Are Unique

B

．

The Extreme Conditions in Antarctica

C

．

Alien Species Are Not Found in Antarctica

D

．

Alien Species May Change Antarctic Ecosystem

B

As seniors in college looking forward to life’s next goals

-graduation and employment-it is essential to

have a sense of feeling important. Every time I look through job listings, there is a small, and sometimes

not so small current running through my mind, spitting out little charges that are meant to stop me from

even applying. The charges come

in the form of words that seem to shout out like “It is not even worth

trying!” or “You look as if you were a qualified man...”

I met with a professor last week about a specific posting that really got me excited. Maybe the first

time I could actually imagine myself in a position. I do not want to tell you which one because then there

will be one more person applying for it. However, the professor said to me, “You and thousands of other

people are interested in that job.” His response successfully dampened(

抑制

)my initial enthusiasm. So I

went back to work on my cover letter, feeling like one little itty- bitty(

极小的

)sardine swimming in a school

of thousands, with far less motivation than I had initially.

Of course, the realities are good, and we should never feel deserving of, or entitled to, a position. I

would say there are only a few select students out there. The cream, who has academic advantages, would

be sure to stand out. The rest of us, struggling through our course loads, are the crop. But being the crop

does not make us any less important!

The point is that, like the old Hasidic story goes in Jewish tradition, we should always remember to

carry two slips of paper in our pockets, especially during times of challenge and transition. When feeling

beat down

, or lost within a school of sardines, take out one slip of paper that says “For my sake, the world

was created”. But for fear that you become a person filled with self

-importance, carry a second slip of

paper to serve as a gentle reminder, “I am but dust and ashes.”

4

．

What does the author imply in Paragraph 1?

A

．

He doesn’t want to work after graduation.

B

．

He has no confidence in finding a good job.

C

．

He tries to behave himself after graduation.

D

．

He shows no interest in most jobs in the list.

5

．

After talking with the professor, the author was ________.

A

．

inspired

B

．

confused

C

．

discouraged

D

．

embarrassed

6

．

What does the underlined part “the crop” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A

．

The plants in the field.

B

．

Common members of a group.

C

．

Those who enjoy their life.

D

．

Those who are tied to a position.

7

．

What’s suggested in the last paragraph?

A

．

Control our feelings when faced with different problems.

B

．

Read as many old stories as possible in our daily life.

C

．

Learn how to make ourselves important to others.

D

．

Understand the function of two sheets of paper.

C

Internet time tied to teen depression(

抑郁

) symptoms

Spending time online is normal behaviour for teenagers. But too much Internet use by teens

—

or too

little, for that matter

—

might be related to depression, a new study finds.

The findings, reported in the journal of Pediatrics, do not mean that the Internet is to blame. For one,

teens in the study who spent no time online were also at increased risk of depression symptoms. Instead,

the researchers say that both heavy Internet use, and non-use, could serve as signals that a teenager is

having a hard time.

For the study, Dr Pierre-Andre Michaud and his colleagues at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland,

surveyed 7,200 individuals aged 16 to 20 about their Internet use.

Those who w

ere online more than two hours per day were considered “heavy” Internet users,while

those online anywhere from several times per week to two hours per day were considered “regular” users.

The teenagers also answered a number of health-related questions, including some standard questions

about

判定

) how often a person feels sad or hopeless. Compared with

regular Internet users, the study found, kids who were heavy users or non-users were more likely to be

depressed or very depressed.

Among male teens, heavy users and non- users were both around one-third more likely to have a high

depression score, compared to “regular” users. Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 percent greater

chance of depression, while non-users had a 46 percent greater likelihood compared to regular users.

That was with factors like family income and any chronic health problems taken into account.

Since teenagers typically go online to contact with friends, the researchers speculate(

推测

) that those

who are never online may be more socially isolated.

8

．

How long are those who are online per day considered “heavy” Internet users?

A

．

More than two hours.

B

．

More than eight hours.

C

．

More than twelve hours.

D

．

More than ten hours.

9

．

What’s the purpose of Dr Michaud and his colleagues’ study?

A

．

To know the actual number of teenagers online.

B

．

To know the actual time of teenagers online.

C

．

To know the influence of study online on teenagers.

D

．

To know the relationship between the Internet use and depression.

10

．

What’s the meaning of the underlined word “isolated” in the last paragraph?

A

．

Independent

B

．

United

C

．

Separated.

D

．

Capable.

11

．

According to the accounts of the sixth paragraph, what can we conclude?

A

．

Non-< /p>

users of Internet aren’t likely to be

depressed.

B

．

Among girls, heavy Internet users are more likely to suffer depression than regular users.

C

．

Heavy users will lead to death unless limited.

D

．

Non-users have more possibility to be depressed than heavy users.

D

A study, conducted by David Evans of the World Bank and Anna Popova of Stanford University,

looked at 19 programs around the world in which individuals were given cash transfers from the

government, either as a handout or as a “reward” for something like getting kids to school on tim

e or

taking them to the doctor for checkups

．

Evans and Popova looked at the impact those cash transfers had on the family budget and whether or

not they led to an increase in spending on alcohol and cigarettes

．

What they found was that they almost

always led to a reduction in a family’s alcohol and

tobacco purchases

．

The news may surprise some people, but it’s true, and the researchers have several theories about

why

．

One theory is that the cash transfer made things possible that once seemed impossible

．

Investing in

their kids’ education or buying

healthier and more expensive foods may be within reach now, but without

the cash handout, these goals weren’t even a possibility

．

So families cut back on other expenses (like

alcohol and tobacco) to make those dreams a reality

．

Another theory is that peopl

e just generally seem to do what they’re told

．

If they are given money

and told to use it for their family’s welfare, in most cases, they will do just that

．

And that leads to the third

theory: These cash transfers are usually given to women, and studies show that when women control the

purse strings, more money is spent on taking care of their children

．

Whatever the reason for the trend, the data is clear

—families that receive cash handouts don’t waste

the money on booze

and

cigarettes

as

was

previously thought

．

Instead,

they

typically

use

that

money

for

the

benefit

of

their families

．

And that’s money well spent

．

12

．

The study proves that

．

A

．

cash transfers help poor families get what would seem unavailable otherwise

B

．

cash should be given to poor people as a reward for something good for kids

C

．

given cash handouts, poor people would spend the money on alcohol and tobacco

D

．

poor people would save the cash given by the government for emergency needs

13

．

A cash transfer led to a reduction in a f

amily’s alcohol and tobacco purchases because

．

A

．

the education gained with the cash would help them drop alcohol and tobacco

B

．

the money previously for alcohol and tobacco would help realize their dream

C

．

buying healthier and more expensive foods left less money for alcohol and tobacco

D

．

that was the promise made before the cash transfer was given to the poor family

14

．

In paragraph 5, when the author said “women control the purse strings”, he just meant “

”

．

A

．

women are told what to do

B

．

women are given the money

C

．

women know what to do with the money

D

．

women have the final word for money

15

．

The passage mainly tells us

．

A

．

how the study was carried out

B

．

why cash transfer is preferred

C

．

the findings of a study and explanations to them

D

．

the theories for a study about cash transfers

第二节

(

共

5

小题

:

每小 题

2

分，满分

10

分

)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处 的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Spending time together with your family members can help develop a closer family

relationship.16

．

The following steps can help you become more enjoyable and fulfilling.

Maintain daily and weekly family routines. Eat, go to sleep, and do regular family activities according

to a schedule. 17

．

Besides, they also help create a stable, comfortable environment. In addition to