BBC 6MinuteEnglish(1)

Rob: I'll

go for

b) one second.

我选

B

一秒。

Neil: Well, we'll find out if you're right or not later on the programme.

好的，在节目最后，我们再看你的回答是否正确。

Rob: So

–

Alexander Todorov has been researching our impressions. His tests asked people to

decide whether they thought faces were

dominant, competent, trustworthy or extroverted.

那么——亚历山大·

托多洛夫教授 一直在研究我们的印象。

在实验中，

他要求人们根据一个

人的面孔来判断这个人是强势的、可以胜任的、值得信赖的还是外向的。

Neil:

Let's

just

look

at

those

words

for

a

second.

Dominant

means

being

strongest

or

most

important. Competent means being able to do things.

我们先来看看这些词：

Domi nant

意思是最强的、占主导地位的。

Competent< /p>

意思是能够胜

任某些事情。

Rob: While if you're trustworthy it means people trust you

–

you are worth their trust. And

being extroverted means you are energetic and enjoy spending time with others.

如果说你值得信赖，是说人们相信你——你值得他们信赖。而

extr overted

是说你精力充沛，

乐意与他人交往。

Neil: So what

did

he

find

out?

Faces that

look

happy and

feminine

–

like

a woman -

were

rated as

more trustworthy. < /p>

他的研究结果是什么呢？例如女性这种看起来开心、柔和的面孔会更值得信赖。

Rob: While faces that were more

masculine

–

like a man

–

were seen as more dominant.

例如男性这种比较阳刚的面孔则被视为更强势。

Neil: Wider faces with big eyes were seen as more extroverted.

脸庞较宽且眼睛比较大的人被认为是比较外向的。

Rob:

Now

the

important

thing

that

Todorov

says

is

that

these

judgements

aren't

accurate

.

Someone who looks competent isn't

necessarily

competent!

这些判断并不准确。

有些 人看起来很有能力，

但其实并没有什么才

能。

< br>

Neil: So, what does this mean in

practice

? Here's Professor Todorov:

这在实际情况中意味着什么呢？来听听托多洛夫教授是怎么说的：< /p>

Trustworthiness

,

dominance

and

attractiveness

are

the

three

big

things

that

we

form

impressions

of

people.

But

interestingly

we

have

done

some

work

predicting

the

electoral

success

of

politicians,

and

the

judgement

that

is

most

predictive

of

who

is

going

to

win

the

election

is

perceived competence

. And this is not

random

at all, because if you ask

voters

what

is the most important

attribute

of a politician, competence is the one on the top.

可信度、主 导性、以及吸引力是我们形成第一印象的三个重要因素。但有趣的是，

我们对几

名参加总统竞选的政要做了预测。

人们所感觉到的参选者的能力最有预测 力。

这并不是臆测，

因为如果你问选民政客最重要的特点时，能 力肯定排在首位。

Neil: OK, so this is actually quite significant. People say that the most important attribute

–

or

quality

–

for a politician is competence

–

the ability to do things.

那这 个还挺重要。人们认为一个政客最重要的特点或品质是能力，也就是做事情的能力。

Rob: That sounds fair enough. But because we make judgements based on appearance

–

this

can actually affect how people vote.

听起来很有道理。但是由于我们是基于外貌进行判断的，这确实能对选民产生影响。

Neil: If voters believe

–

or perceive someone to be competent

–

they're more likely to vote

for him or her.

如果选民们认为某人有能力，他们就更可能倾向于投他一票。

Rob: He says this applies especially to people who are less educated about politics

–

they are

more likely to be influenced by appearance.

他说这个结论适用于那些不太了解政治的人们——他们更容易 受外貌的影响。

Neil: He says this applies to around 25% of voters

–

so the number of people who go with their

gut is large enough to influence the outcomes of elections!

他表示，

大约

25%

的选民都是这样的——凭直觉来投票的选民非常多，

以至 于影响到了选举

结果！

Rob:

Wow.

To

go

with

your

gut.

That

means

to

make

a

decision

which

isn't

based

on

rational

thought

–

it's based on instinct, on a feeling, on your gut.

To go with your gut

，意思是未经理性思考，仅凭本能、感觉、直觉就做出决定。

Neil: Yes

–

your gut is your stomach and the organs in your belly. So, can we tell nothing from a

person's face?

是的。

gut

是指你的腹部和肚子内部的器官。那么根据人脸我们就什么都看不出来吗？

Rob: Todorov says faces carry useful information about things like a person's mental state, and

whether they're tired or sick. But they don't tell you about a person's character.

托多洛夫表示，

人的脸上有很多有用的 信息，

比如他的精神状态、

是否疲惫或生病。但是不