法国人权宣言中英文版

予以逮捕，但为扣留其人身所不需要的各种残酷行为都应受到 法律的严厉制裁。

第十条

意 见的发表只要不扰乱法律所规定的公共秩序，

任何人都不得因

其 意见，甚至信教的意见而遭受干涉。

第十一条

自由传达思想和意见是人类最宝贵的权利之一；

因此，

各个公

民都有言论、

著述和出版自由，

但在法律所规定的情况下，

应对滥用此项自由负

担责任。

第十二条

人权的保障需要有武装力量 ；因此，这种力量是为了全体的利益

而不是为了此种力量的受任人的个人利益而设立的。

第十三条

为了武装力量的维持和行政 管理的支出，公共赋税就成为必不可

少的；赋税应在全体公民之间按其能力作平等的分摊 。

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法国《人权宣言》中英文版

第十四条

所有公民都有权亲身或由其代表来确定赋税的必要性，

自由地

加以认可，注意其用途，决定税额、税率、客体、征收方式和时 期。

第十五条

社会有权要求机关公务人员报告其工作。

第十六条

凡权利无保障和分权未确立的社会，就没有宪法。

第十七条

财产是神圣不可侵犯的权利，

除非当 合法认定的公共需要所显

然必需时，且在公平而预先赔偿的条件下，任何人的财产不得受 到剥夺。

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

（

1789

）

The representatives of the French people

，

organized as a National

Assembly

，

believing that the ignorance

，

neglect

，

or contempt of the

rights

of

man

are

the

sole

cause

of

public

calamities

and

of

the

corruption

of

governments

，

have

determined

to

set

forth

in

a

solemn

declaration

the

natural

，

unalienable

，

and sacred rights of man

，

in order that this

declaration

，

being

constantly

before

all

the

members

of

the

Social

body

，

shall

remind

them

continually

of

their

rights

and

duties

；

in

order

that

the

acts

of

the

legislative

power

，

as

well

as

those

of

the

executive

power

，

may be compared at any moment with the objects and purposes of all

political institutions and may thus be more respected

，

and

，

lastly

，

in

order

that

the

grievances

of

the

citizens

，

based

hereafter

upon

simple

and incontestable principles

，

shall tend to the maintenance of the

constitution and redound to the happiness of all.

Therefore the National Assembly recognizes and proclaims

，

in the

presence

and

under

the

auspices

of

the

Supreme

Being

，

the

following

rights

of man and of the citizen

：

Articles

：

1. Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social

distinctions may be founded only upon the general good.

2. The aim of all political association is the preservation of the

natural and imprescriptible rights of man. These rights are liberty

，

property

，

security

，

and resistance to oppression.

3.

The

principle

of

all

sovereignty

resides

essentially

in

the

nation.

No

body

nor

individual

may

exercise

any

authority

which

does

not

proceed

directly from the nation.

4.

Liberty

consists

in

the

freedom

to

do

everything

which

injures

no

one else

；

hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no

limits except

those

which assure to

the

other members of the

society the

enjoyment

of

the

same

rights.

These

limits

can

only

be

determined

by

law.

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