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第四章
非谓语动词
第一节
分
词
一、
现在分词与过去分词的区别
1
、
在语态上
A
、
现在分词（除被动式以外）表示主动意义。
B
、
过去分词表示被动意义。
2
、
在时间上
A
、
现在分词表示动作正在进行
B
、
过去分词表示动作已经完成
专项练习
1
．
_____
good bye to the
hosts, Brown left the house.
A. Said
B. Saying
C.
In order to say
D. He said
2
．
He rushed out
of the room,
______
A. cried
B. for crying
C. crying
D. cries
3
．
With everything
she needed
______
, she drove
back from the
market-place.
A. is buy
B.
have bought
C.
buying
D.
bought
4
．
people at last
found Jane______ on a bench in the back yard
alone,
_________the bright moon.
A.
seating
…
..watching
B.
seated
……
watched
C.
seated
……
watching
D.
seating
……
.watched
5. your shoes want_____ badly. Why
don
’
t you have them_______ .
1
A.
washing
…
..washed
B. to
wash
……
washed
C. to be
washing
…
.to wash
D.
washed
……
washed
6.
The problems_________ at present has something to
do with our
living conditions.
A.
discuss
B. to be discussing
C. being discussed
D. to discuss
7.
if___________ green, the door might look more
beautiful.
A. paint
B.
painted
C. to paint
D. painting
二、分词作定语
< br>1
、现在分词作定语表示主动或表示主动且动作正在进行。
2
、过去分词作定语表示被动且
动作已经完成。
3
、分词作定语往往可以用定语从句代替。
4
、单个分词作前置定语，分词短语作后置定语。
5
、完成式的现在分词短语不能
作定语。
专项练习
1. Don
’
t use
words, expressions, or phrases_______ only to
people
with specific knowledge.
A. being known
B. having been known
C. to be known
D. known
2. The big
tower______ in the Tang dynasty is ______ next
spring.
A.
being built; to repair
B. built; to be repaired
C. built; being repaired
D. being built;
to be repaired
3. The problem______ at
the meeting now is ______ in two
week
’
s
2
time.
A. discussed; to be voted
B. to be
discussed; to be voted
C. being
discussed; to be voted
D. discussing; being voted
4. The language______ in Britain is
also used in other _____
countries.
A. spoken; English-speaking
B. spoken; English-spoken
C. speaking; English-
speaking
D. speaking; English-spoken
5. More houses of this type will be
built in the_______ years.
A. following
B. followed
C. to be followed
D. having followed
三、分词作表语
1
．现在分词作表语表示分词主语所具有的特征和性质时，主语多是
物
2.
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态，
逻辑上称被动关系，主语
多是人。
3.
分词和动名词都可以作表语，分词作表语说明主语的特征和性质，
相当于一个形容词，而动名词作表语说明主语的内容，相当于一
个名词。
专项练习
1.
The news was so _____that they were all________.
A. inspiring....exciting B.
inspiring.....excited
C.
inspired.....excited D. inspired......exciting
2. What he said was_____ and made
us__________.
3
A. surprised....surprising sing....surprised
sed...surprised sing...surprising
3. The pilot asked all the passengers
on board to
remain_____ as the plane
was making a landing.
A. seat B.
seating C. seated D. to be seating
四、分词作宾语补语
1.
分词一般只在两类动词后作补语：
A
．
感觉、
感官动词后的分词宾补。<
/p>
常见的感官动词有
see,
observe,
notice,
watch,
hear,smell,
listen
to,
look
at, feel, find
等。
B
．使役、致使动词后的分词宾补。常见的使役、致使
动词
有
catch, set, have, make,
get, start, leave, keep
等。
2.
“感官、感觉动词
+
宾语
+
现在分词宾语”表示主动意义
，
正在进行时态。
3.
“使役、致使动词
+
宾语
+
过去分词宾补”表示被动意义，
已经完成时态。
4.
分词作补语的几种特殊情况
A
．
make
后接分词作宾语补足语时
只能用过去分词，不能用
现在分词。
B
．
set
后的宾补通常是现在分词，
不用过去分词。
专项练习
4
responsible
teacher
couldn
’
t
keep
his
eyes______
to
all
those careless mistakes.
B. to
shut C. shutting D. on shutting
do you stand and watch the water______ over there?
A.
boiling B.
boiled C.
from
boiling D.
being boiled
3.
I
held
the
little
rabbit
in
my
hand
and
felt
its
heart___.
B. beating
C. beat D. beaten
4.
Walking
along
the
river,
we
heard
someone
_____
for
help.
A. shouting B.
shout C. shouted D. being shouting
5. Why do you have the water______ all
the time?
A. run B. to be running g
D. being running
hall was so noisy
that the speaker couldn
’
t
make
himself_______.
A.
being heard B. heard C. hearing D. hear
ing home, he found the back door open
and
something________.
A.
to steal B. to be stolen C. stealing D.
stolen
5
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