-
8B Unit 8
单词知识点讲义
1. dig
vt. & vi.
挖（洞，沟等）
dig
ging
dig-dug-dug
They are digging a hole.
他们正在挖一个洞。
Others
like coal, oil and natural gas
are dug
up
from the ground
.
2. serious
adj
. (not
joking)
；
严肃的
Food
safety
is
a
serious
problem.
食品安全是
一个严肃的问题
The teacher looked serious.
老师看上去严肃
严重的
serious air
pollution
严重的空气污染
Don’t worry. There is nothing serious.
认真的
He is serious about his studies.
他对他的学习很认真。
seriously
adv.
严肃地，认真地
He was
seriously/badly/very ill.
他病得很厉害
take sth
seriously
认真对待
English is useful. You should take it
seriously.
3. breadfruit
n.
面包果
（
pl
）
breadfruit
4.
reduce
vt. & vi.
减少
,<
/p>
降低
（
make
sth.
smaller or
less in size, price, etc. )
reduces
–
reduced -reducing
We
must
do
something
to
reduce
air
pollution.
我们必须采取措施去减少空气污染。
5. turn
off/on
（开关）
turn off the light/tap = turn the
light/tap off
关灯
/
水龙头
Remember to turn off the lights when
you leave
the room.
turn up/down
（音量）调大或调小
The
music
is
too
noisy.
Please
turn
it
down
a
little.
音乐太吵了，把声音开小点。
turn it/them on
打开它
（们）
turn it up/down
6. recycle
vt
.
回收利用，
循环利用
( treat
sth.
used so that it can be used again)
We
can
protect
the
environment
by
recycling
waste.
recycle
empty bottles
回收空瓶子
Old shoes and clothes can be _________.
旧的鞋子衣服可以被循环利用。
cars.
recycling
n
.
再循环
The little
was crying because her mother didn’t
Some old clothes are sent to factories
for _____.
allow her
the
ice cream.
一些旧衣服被送到工厂回收利用。
A. eat
B. eats
C.
to eat
D. ate
7. cause
vt .
导致；造成
（
make
…happen
）
down
砍倒
What caused the accident.
They
used
to
cut
down
trees
but
now
they
are
cause sb to do sth
used to planting trees.
What
caused
you
to
change
your
plan?
Too
他们过去砍树现在习惯了种树。
many
cars
cause
air
pollution.
太多的
车造成空
cut in
打断，插嘴
气污染
cause trouble
引起麻烦
Don’t cut in
while others are talking.
n
.
原因
cut in on sb
打断某某
The heavy rain was
the cause
of the flood.
It’s impolite to cut in
on
others.
大雨是导致洪水的原因。
cut
out
剪出
cut off
剪掉
cut up
切碎
8. wise
adj.
明智的，充满智慧的
cut…into pieces
wise-
wise
r
-wise
st
13.
punish
vt
.
处<
/p>
罚
，
惩
罚
(punishes)
It’s wise of
people to choose public transport or
punishment
n
.
处罚
ride bicycles.
You
will
be
punished
if
your
homework
isn’t
人们选择公共交通或汽车是明智的。
handed in on time.
wisely
adv.
明智地，充满智慧地
如果作业没有按时交，你要受惩罚。
You
should
spend
your
pocket
money
wisely.
publish sb for
(doing) sth
你应该理智地花费你的零花钱。
The
teacher
often
punishes
the
boy
for
making
wisdom
n
.
智慧
the same
mistake.
Yellow is the colour of
wisdom.
他因为犯相同的错误经常被老师批评。
黄色是智慧之色。
The new
traffic rules say drivers mustn’t drive if
9. plastic
n.
[u]
塑料
they are drunk, or they
will
.
a
lot of plastic
许多塑料
A. punish
B.
be punished
10. separate
vt.
& vi.
分开，
隔开
（
put…into
C. agree
D.
be agree
different
groups
）
14. fine
vt.
罚款
separate…into
将
…
分类，
分组
Don’t park your car here,
or you’ll be fined.
Glass,
plastic
and
paper
are
separated
into
不要在这儿停车，
否则你要被罚款。
different groups.
15. limit
vt.
限制
玻璃，塑料和纸被分成不同类。
There are laws to limit air pollution
now.
be
separated
into…
被分成
……
现在有限制空气污染的法律。
separate…from…
把
……
和<
/p>
……
分开
The number of the students is limited
here.
11.
allow
（
let sb do
sth
）
vt.
允许
这儿学生数量受限制。
allow
sb. to do sth.
允许某人做某事
16. depend on/upon
依靠，取决于
be allowed to do
sth.
被允许做某事
We
depend on its rich resources to live.
We
are not allowed
to
cut down trees.
我们依靠它丰富的资源生活。
我们不允许砍树。
We must
depend on ourselves. Nobody can help
These
children
are
allowed
to
watch
TV
after
us.
class.
孩子们课后不允许看电视。
我们必须依靠我们自己，
没有人能帮助我们。
Smoking
isn
’t allowed in public places.
We are planning to go for a
picnic this weekend,
Children under 18
shouldn’t be allowed to drive
but it
the weather.
第
1
页
共
3
页
A.
keeps on
B.
puts on
C. carries on
D. depends on
17. rich
adj.
丰富的，
richer-richest
His knowledge is richer
than mine.
他的知识比我丰富。
He is a
doctor with rich experience.
他是一个经验丰富的医生。
be
rich in sth.
在
---
富有
He is rich in the knowledge of history.
adj.
富裕的
The rich should try their
best to help the poor.
18.
resource
n
.
资源
natural resources
自然资源
Resources
like
oil,
coal
can
not
be
produced
any more.
像石油
,
煤炭那样的资源不可以再生。
Do we have enough resources?
19. run out
用完
耗尽
The
money
has
run
out.
So
we
have
to
walk
home.
钱用完了，所以我们不得不步行回家。
run out of sth
用完
---
Don’t
run
out
of
your
spare
time
on
computer
games.
不要在电脑游戏上花光你的空余时间。
run out
跑出去
He ran out as
soon as he heard the news.
20. produce
vt.
导致，产生
This
kind
of
machine
is
produced
in
that
company.
这家公司生产这种机器。
These
trees don’t produce fruit.
这些树不结果。
They
produce little pollution.
他们几乎不产生污染。
produce air pollution
导致空气污染
produce rice
生产稻米
Energy from
the sun produces little pollution.
太阳能几乎不产生污染。
21.
difference
n.
差异，不同
(
可数
)
make a difference to sb/sth
有影响，起作用
This exam will
make a
difference to me .
这次考试将对我们有很大的影响。
Her illness
makes no
difference to
her singing
competition.