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懂你英语
Level4 Unit 3
Part1
it 3-1
listening
时间花费
Look at these 2 pie graphs. They show
how these 2 people spend their days, not including
weekends.
The one on the
top shows how Emma divides up her days. She is a
designer who works for a company.
As
Emma’s graph shows, the biggest
portion
部分
of her day is spent working.
She works an average of 8
hours a day, which is one third of her day.
She gets an average of 6
hours to sleep which is 25% of her day.
That’s less
sleep than Martin gets.
According to his graph, he gets an
average of 7 hours to sleep which is about 29% of
his day.
On the other hand,
Martine who is engineer, works more hours than
Emma does.
Martine average
9 hours a day at work co
mpare to Emma’s
8.
That’s 37.5%
compare to 33%.
Other factors shown in the graph
included time for meals and commuting to work.
Other activities include
getting dress and doing household chores such as
doing laundry and paying bills.
As you
can see, for Martin, commuting is taking a large
amount of his time.
If he
could reduce his commute time, he will have more
time for other things. And it isn’t just the time.
When the traffic is really
heavy his commute is stressful.
It will be great if he can work from
home one or two days a week.
He life will be more enjoyable.
And we look at Emma’s graph, we see she
probably needs more sleep.
Perhaps, she should spend a bit less
time socializing with her friends.
On the other hand, socializing with her
friend is something she really values.
As for putting on makeup, she isn’t
willing to change that.
For
her, exercising, socializing and staying beautiful
help her deal with the stressful work.
In conclusion, Emma and Martin both
wish there were more hours in a day.
This next graph shows how various
factors compare important to 1350 jobs applicants.
Applicants were between 20
to 25 years ago.
They were
asked to list which factors were most important
for a good job.
As the
graph shows, money was the most important factor
for 25% of the applicants.
However, other factors are also
important. The second most important factor was
the work environment.
In other words,
for many, money is everything.
People want to
like where they work.
In
fact, if we combine working environment and co-
workers, the total is 35%.
This is well above the 25% for salary
and benefits.
Taking
together, they are more important than salary and
benefits.
Career path is
also important especially for younger applicants.
They want to see that their
job helps to build a successful career.
For older workers, this may
not be as important.
Older
workers often put the higher value on the balance
between life and work. What do you think.
it 3-1
vocabulary
领土、军事、政治、政权状态
The government of a country is a
control system.
Governments
make laws and provide services to their citizens.
The land over which a government has
controlled, is its
territory
/'t
?
r
?
t
?
ri/
领土
.
A country’s territory
has
boundaries
/'ba
?
ndri/
or borders.
10
When you leave or enter a
country’s territory, you usually need a
passport.
The territory of a
country is defined by its boundaries.
A
country’s military
provides defense for
its territory and its citizens.
The military includes an army, an air
force and a navy.
The main
purpose of a military, is to defend a country from
attack.
A country’s criminal justice
system includes the police, courts and prisons.
Its purpose is to enforce
the law and protect the people from criminal
activities.
A country social services
system provides support to people in need.
It provides basic health
care services and helps poor people support their
children.
-----------------------------
------------------------------------
Anarchy
/'?n
?
ki/ n.
混乱
;
无政府状态
;
无秩序
autocracy
/
?
't<
/p>
ɑ
kr
?
si/
n.
独裁
;
独裁统治
< br>;
独裁政府
;
独裁政体
Oligarchy
/'
ɑ
l
?
'g
ɑ
rki/ n.
寡头统治的政
府
;
寡头政治的执政集团
;
寡头统治的国家
--------------
--------------------------------------------------
----------
A state of anarchy exits
when a country has no effective government.
In anarchy, there is nobody
to make decisions or enforce the laws.
An autocracy is the simplest form of
government.
In an
autocracy, the government is controlled by single
individual, known as autocrat.
Whether or not an autocracy is
successful, depends on the character and ability
of the leader.
In an oligarchy, a small
group of people controls the government.
Membership in this group
often depends on family connection, wealth or
military power.
In a republic,
individuals are elected to represent the citizens.
The power of government in
a republic is limited by a constitution.
A constitution is a written document
that makes the rules for a government to follow.
This limits the power of a
government.
A constitution
defines the relationship between the government
and its citizens.
it 3-1
dialogue
谈论工作
I
hear you lost your job, is that right?
Yes, that’s right. I quit. I quit
because the way my boss treats people.
What happen.
I
was
n’t feeling good one day and he
yelled at me. While I told him not to
yell at
对
...
吼叫
me, he threatened me.
Is
that all. That’s what bosses do.
Sure, sometime maybe. But my treated
everyone badly and I was tired of it. It was the
less *
The last str ?
Yes,
it reached the point where I couldn’t take it
anymore.
I see. So now you
d
on’t have a job.
Right, I don’t have a job.
But at least I don’t have to deal with
my boss thing. What are you going to do
now?
To be honest, I’m not
sure. but I’ll fine something. I’ll get a job even
if it pays less than before.
Are you sorry for your quit.
Yes and no. I guess I should have found
another job first and then quit.
Why
didn’t you.
As I said, he
pushed me too far. There were some things that I
just won't take.
10
What about your wife.
She isn’t happy that I don’t have a job
but she understands. S
he knows I have
temper.
And she knows I wasn’t happy
working there.
Well, I get
some luck. My job isn’t great. but I like the
people I’m working with and I like my
manager.
Are you planning to
stay there?
I
don’t
know.
For now, it’s ok. But
of course it al
l depends on how things
change.
Well if you hear of any job
openings, let me know, OK.
Sure, send
me your resume and I’ll let people know you’re
looking.
Thanks.
it 3-2 listening
朗朗
Lang Lang is one of the
world’s greatest
concert
/'k
ɑ
ns
?<
/p>
t/
pianist.
His first contact with
western music was when he was just 2 years old.
He watched the
canton
/'k?nt
?
n/ in
which a cat played a famous piece by Franz Liszt
弗朗兹·李斯特（匈牙利
作曲家）
.
From this experience, he decided he wanted to
learn to play piano.
When
he was 3 and a half years ago, he started piano
lessons.
2 years later, he
won first place in the piano competition.
This early success gave his
father great hope that Lang Land will became the
world greatest pianist.
When Lang Lang was 9 years ago, his
father quit his job and took him to Beijing.
They left everything behind
including his mother who had to work.
Lang Lang didn’t want to leave her
behind but his father insisted.
His father wanted him to study at
famous Central Conservatory of Music
中央音乐学院
.
When they moved to Beijing, they rented
a flat in a poor area of the city.
During this time, Lang Lang practiced
several hours a day.
They
started practicing at 5 o’clock which upset his
neighbors.
They would often
pound on
敲打
his door and
ask him to stop practicing.
They were so angry that he often feared
that they would
beat him up
毒打
.
Lang Lang usually had piano lessons
once a week to prepare for the
conservatory
/k
?<
/p>
n's
?
v
?<
/p>
t
?
ri/
音乐
学校
.
Nearly 2000 students
were applying for just 12 places at the
conservatory.
His lessons
were expensive and very difficult, especially
because of his piano teacher.
His music teacher didn’t like Lang
Lang.
He called his teacher
professor Angry because she always gave him a hard
time.
One
afternoon, his teacher told him he had no talent
and told him to go home.
Hearing the
news, his father screamed and seemed to lose his
mind.
His father told him
that everything was destroyed and there was no
reason to live.
He ordered
Lang Lang to
jump off
跳下来
the 11th-
floor balcony.
After this,
Lang Lang almost went crazy.
He didn’t want to play the piano
anymore.
For several months,
he neither played the piano nor spoke to his
father.
Then some friends
encouraged him to play a piece for them and he
realized his great love of piano.
10
For the next 19 months, he practiced
hard and his father encouraged him.
Finally, when he was ten, he was
accepted into the Conservatory with a full
scholarship.
In
1995, when he was 13 years old, he played music by
show * at Beijing concert hall.
In that
same year, he won first place at an international
competition for young musicians in Japan.
When he was 15, he moved to
the United States and began to study with the
famous pianist at C institute.
Since then, he career has grown and he
has become a major star.
One of the American music critics
called him the biggest most exiting key of talent
I haven’t encountered many a
year of
attention piano recycles.
In 2010, Lang Lang signed a recalling
contract for several million dollars.
In 2011, he performed at white house
for president Obama of United States and Hu Jintao
of China.
With all of his success and
fame, Lang Lang tries to encourage others.
He uses his fame to spread
the popularity of classic music and encourage
young musicians.
And in the
end, Lang Lang and his father have rebuilt their
relationship.
In his
autobiography
自传
, Mr. Lang
dedicated the book to his mother and father.
it 3-2
vocabulary
财务、地理
A
person debt is how much he or she owes to others.
Debt
can be in
the form of money, products and services owes to
someone else.
If you borrow
money, they were taking on new debt.
An
asset
is something that has value, such
as money, property or even a nice personality.
Assets can be used to pay
off debts.
Specialized
/'sp
?
??
'la
?
zd/
knowledge or skills are also assets that can be
used to get a job or earn money.
Real
estate
is properties such as land,
houses and buildings.
Buying, selling or renting property is
the business of real estate.
Buying or selling real estate is
popular for investments.
Inventory
is a
detail list of items in one’s
possession
/p
?
'z
???
n/.
In business, one’s inventory is the
supply of items that are ready for sale.
If a store runs out of the
things for sale, it needs to
resupply
再供应
its inventory.
An investment
is the purchase of assets with the hope that its
value will increase.
A good
investment can produce income, such as rent
income.
If the value of
that assets falls, the investment will lose money.
---------------------------
---------------------------------------
China is the second largest country in
the world by land area.
A
major issue for China is the
continuing
持续的
expansion of its desserts which had led
the dust storms each
spring.
Many of the
world most polluted cities are located there.
Asia is referred to as Indian sub-
continent.
It’s called the
sub
-continent
次大陆
because it separated from
the rest of Asia by mountains and sea.
It’s one of world’s poorest region with
about 75% of the poor living in rural
areas.
Europe is western
neighbor of Asia.
It’s
separate
d from Asia by
Ural
Mountains
乌拉尔
which extent for 1500
miles
in the north south direction from the
Antarctic
/?nt?
ɑ<
/p>
rkt
?
k/ ocean.
The Philippines is the only country in
Asia with a majority of
Christians
/'kr
?<
/p>
st
??
n/.
10
The Philippines is an island Nation
with over 7000 islands. It’s located on the south
China sea.
The country’s capital city is
Manila
马尼拉
.
Asia is the
world largest continent covering about 30% of the
earth land area.
Several island nations
are also a part of Asia, including Japan.
The world’s tallest
mountain is in Asia, including
Mount
Everest
埃佛勒斯峰
.
it 3-2
dialogue
谈论投票选举
Hey, have you dec
ided how
you’re going to vote
？
Not, I haven’t. I don’t like any kind
of candidates.
So you aren’t
going to vote.
Mu. I don’t
know. Probably not. It seems like a waste of
time.
Really, why do you
think of a waste of time
？
Have you listened to any of their
speeches?
Yes, I have and I agree that
their speeches aren’t very good.
Exactly. I can’t believe anything they
say. They are just saying what they think we want
to hear.
Sure, you want to
get elected. I admit th
at the system
isn’t perfect and it’s always ha
ve .
Whether I vote or not won’t make a
difference. It’s all the show.
Well, I think you should vote. Do a
little research about the candidates.
Have you?
Yes, I have. I
have looked into their backgrounds and their
education.
How can that help?
For
example,
if
they
know
something
about
science,
it could
help
the
government
make
a
better
decision
about
issues such as climate
change.
Yes, that’s good point. We need
well
-educated people make decisions.
And I look to see what kind of people
are supporting them.
What issues do you
think are most important?
I guess for
me, pollution, housing and taxes are important.
I want to know how government plans to
deal with these issues.
Yes, I agree
with you. Maybe I will vote, especially if we
could get together and talk more about it.
What about dinner tomorrow night?
Sorry, I’m busy tomorrow
night.
Oh, that’s too bad.
Do you have any time in the next few days? I will
take you to a nice restaurant.
Actually, I’m quite busy. But I may
have time Sunday afternoon. We ca
n have
lunch someone near the office.
Sure,
that was for me. I will give you a call on
Saturday and we can decide the details, ok?
OK, I will be looking
forward to seeing which candidate you support.
L4 Unit 3-3 listening
蜜蜂、蜂农与环境
Honeybees play an interesting and
important role in nature.
In additional
to making honey, honeybees help many plants
reproduce.
They do this by
pollinating the plant which means to transfer
pollen.
Pollination
授粉
occurs
when
pollen
/'p
ɑ
l
?
n/
花粉
is moved
within a plant’s flower or carried to another
flower.
This is how the plant
reproduce.
For reproduction
to succeed, the pollen must be transferred from
the
male part of the flower to the
female part.
Many plants depend on the
pollen for reproduction. This included many fruits
and vegetables.
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